Linux & unix bash Commands

Common Unix Shell / Linux Commands

Unix shell or Linux commands are essential tools for interacting with your system's operating system. Here are some basic commands to get you started:

• ls : Lists the files and directories in the current directory.

  ls

• pwd : Displays the current working directory.

  pwd

• cd : Changes the current directory.

  cd /path/to/directory

• cat : Concatenates and displays the content of files.

  cat filename

• mv : Moves or renames files and directories.

  mv oldfilename newfilename

• cp : Copies files and directories.

  cp sourcefile destinationfile

• mkdir : Creates a new directory.

  mkdir newdirectory

• rm : Removes files or directories.

  rm filename

  To remove a directory and its contents:

  rm -r directoryname

• wc : Prints newline, word, and byte counts for each file.

  wc filename

• sort -n : Sorts lines of text files numerically.

  sort -n filename

• head -n : Outputs the first n lines of a file.

  head -n 10 filename

Operators

Operators are used to manipulate data and files in Unix/Linux.

• > : Redirects the output of a command to a file, overwriting the existing content.

  command > outputfile

• | : The pipe operator, used to pass the output of one command as input to another command.

  command1 | command2