diff --git a/phpstan.neon b/phpstan.neon
index f58b54c..5ee24f4 100644
--- a/phpstan.neon
+++ b/phpstan.neon
@@ -11,9 +11,6 @@ parameters:
     paths:
         - src
 
-    scanDirectories:
-        - vendor
-
     universalObjectCratesClasses: # to ignore magic property errors
         - ipl\Sql\Config
 
diff --git a/src/Adapter/Mysql.php b/src/Adapter/Mysql.php
index 2421cae..7146579 100644
--- a/src/Adapter/Mysql.php
+++ b/src/Adapter/Mysql.php
@@ -22,33 +22,40 @@ public function setClientTimezone(Connection $db)
     public function getOptions(Config $config)
     {
         $options = parent::getOptions($config);
+        // In PHP 8.5+, driver-specific constants of the PDO class are deprecated,
+        // but the replacements are only available since php 8.4
+        if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '8.4.0', '<')) {
+            $mysqlConstantPrefix = 'PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_';
+        } else {
+            $mysqlConstantPrefix = 'Pdo\Mysql::ATTR_';
+        }
 
         if (! empty($config->useSsl)) {
             if (! empty($config->sslKey)) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY] = $config->sslKey;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_KEY')] = $config->sslKey;
             }
 
             if (! empty($config->sslCert)) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT] = $config->sslCert;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_CERT')] = $config->sslCert;
             }
 
             if (! empty($config->sslCa)) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA] = $config->sslCa;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_CA')] = $config->sslCa;
             }
 
             if (! empty($config->sslCapath)) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH] = $config->sslCapath;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_CAPATH')] = $config->sslCapath;
             }
 
             if (! empty($config->sslCipher)) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER] = $config->sslCipher;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_CIPHER')] = $config->sslCipher;
             }
 
             if (
-                defined('PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT')
+                defined($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT')
                 && ! empty($config->sslDoNotVerifyServerCert)
             ) {
-                $options[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT] = false;
+                $options[constant($mysqlConstantPrefix . 'SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT')] = false;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Connection.php b/src/Connection.php
index 9480fe7..5c29713 100644
--- a/src/Connection.php
+++ b/src/Connection.php
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ public function ping($reconnect = true)
      * Fetch and return all result rows as sequential array
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute.
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    public function fetchAll($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchAll($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetchAll();
@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@ public function fetchAll($stmt, array $values = null)
      * Fetch and return the first column of all result rows as sequential array
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute.
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    public function fetchCol($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchCol($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN, 0);
@@ -238,11 +238,11 @@ public function fetchCol($stmt, array $values = null)
      * Fetch and return the first row of the result rows
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute.
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    public function fetchOne($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchOne($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetch();
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ public function fetchOne($stmt, array $values = null)
     /**
      * Alias of {@link fetchOne()}
      */
-    public function fetchRow($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchRow($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetch();
@@ -263,11 +263,11 @@ public function fetchRow($stmt, array $values = null)
      * First column is the key and the second column is the value.
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute.
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    public function fetchPairs($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchPairs($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_KEY_PAIR);
@@ -277,11 +277,11 @@ public function fetchPairs($stmt, array $values = null)
      * Fetch and return the first column of the first result row
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute.
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public function fetchScalar($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function fetchScalar($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         return $this->prepexec($stmt, $values)
             ->fetchColumn(0);
@@ -343,11 +343,11 @@ public function yieldAll($stmt, ...$args)
      * Yield the first column of each result row
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return \Generator
      */
-    public function yieldCol($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function yieldCol($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         $sth = $this->prepexec($stmt, $values);
 
@@ -362,11 +362,11 @@ public function yieldCol($stmt, array $values = null)
      * Yield key-value pairs with the first column as key and the second column as value for each result row
      *
      * @param Select|string $stmt   The SQL statement to prepare and execute
-     * @param array         $values Values to bind to the statement
+     * @param ?array        $values Values to bind to the statement
      *
      * @return \Generator
      */
-    public function yieldPairs($stmt, array $values = null)
+    public function yieldPairs($stmt, ?array $values = null)
     {
         $sth = $this->prepexec($stmt, $values);
 
diff --git a/src/Expression.php b/src/Expression.php
index 83c10bd..0f544b1 100644
--- a/src/Expression.php
+++ b/src/Expression.php
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ class Expression implements ExpressionInterface
      * Create a new database expression
      *
      * @param string $statement The statement of the expression
-     * @param array $columns The columns used by the expression
+     * @param ?array $columns The columns used by the expression
      * @param mixed  ...$values The values for the expression
      */
-    public function __construct($statement, array $columns = null, ...$values)
+    public function __construct($statement, ?array $columns = null, ...$values)
     {
         $this->statement = $statement;
         $this->columns = $columns;
diff --git a/src/QueryBuilder.php b/src/QueryBuilder.php
index 07b5e3e..f65c68c 100644
--- a/src/QueryBuilder.php
+++ b/src/QueryBuilder.php
@@ -360,11 +360,11 @@ public function buildWith(array $with, array &$values)
     /**
      * Build the DELETE FROM part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $from
+     * @param ?array $from
      *
      * @return string The DELETE FROM part of a query
      */
-    public function buildDeleteFrom(array $from = null)
+    public function buildDeleteFrom(?array $from = null)
     {
         if ($from === null) {
             return '';
@@ -486,12 +486,12 @@ public function buildCondition(array $condition, array &$values)
     /**
      * Build the WHERE part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $where
+     * @param ?array $where
      * @oaram array $values
      *
      * @return string The WHERE part of the query
      */
-    public function buildWhere(array $where = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildWhere(?array $where = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($where === null) {
             return '';
@@ -609,12 +609,12 @@ public function buildSelect(array $columns, $distinct, array &$values)
     /**
      * Build the FROM part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $from
+     * @param ?array $from
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return string The FROM part of the query
      */
-    public function buildFrom(array $from = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildFrom(?array $from = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($from === null) {
             return '';
@@ -686,12 +686,12 @@ public function buildJoin($joins, array &$values)
     /**
      * Build the GROUP BY part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $groupBy
+     * @param ?array $groupBy
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return string The GROUP BY part of the query
      */
-    public function buildGroupBy(array $groupBy = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildGroupBy(?array $groupBy = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($groupBy === null) {
             return '';
@@ -711,12 +711,12 @@ public function buildGroupBy(array $groupBy = null, array &$values = [])
     /**
      * Build the HAVING part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $having
+     * @param ?array $having
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return string The HAVING part of the query
      */
-    public function buildHaving(array $having = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildHaving(?array $having = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($having === null) {
             return '';
@@ -728,12 +728,12 @@ public function buildHaving(array $having = null, array &$values = [])
     /**
      * Build the ORDER BY part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $orderBy
+     * @param ?array $orderBy
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return string The ORDER BY part of the query
      */
-    public function buildOrderBy(array $orderBy = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildOrderBy(?array $orderBy = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($orderBy === null) {
             return '';
@@ -798,12 +798,12 @@ public function buildLimitOffset($limit = null, $offset = null)
     /**
      * Build the UNION parts of a query
      *
-     * @param array $unions
+     * @param ?array $unions
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return array|null The UNION parts of the query
      */
-    public function buildUnions(array $unions = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildUnions(?array $unions = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if ($unions === null) {
             return null;
@@ -829,11 +829,11 @@ public function buildUnions(array $unions = null, array &$values = [])
     /**
      * Build the UPDATE {table} part of a query
      *
-     * @param array $updateTable The table to UPDATE
+     * @param ?array $updateTable The table to UPDATE
      *
      * @return string The UPDATE {table} part of the query
      */
-    public function buildUpdateTable(array $updateTable = null)
+    public function buildUpdateTable(?array $updateTable = null)
     {
         if ($updateTable === null) {
             return '';
@@ -857,12 +857,12 @@ public function buildUpdateTable(array $updateTable = null)
     /**
      * Build the SET part of a UPDATE query
      *
-     * @param array $set
+     * @param ?array $set
      * @param array $values
      *
      * @return string The SET part of a UPDATE query
      */
-    public function buildUpdateSet(array $set = null, array &$values = [])
+    public function buildUpdateSet(?array $set = null, array &$values = [])
     {
         if (empty($set)) {
             return '';
diff --git a/src/Test/SqlAssertions.php b/src/Test/SqlAssertions.php
index 74a04ba..62d4ab0 100644
--- a/src/Test/SqlAssertions.php
+++ b/src/Test/SqlAssertions.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ protected function setUpSqlAssertions(): void
      *
      * @return void
      */
-    public function assertSql(string $sql, $statement, array $values = null, string $message = ''): void
+    public function assertSql(string $sql, $statement, ?array $values = null, string $message = ''): void
     {
         // Reduce whitespaces to just one space
         $sql = preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ', trim($sql));
diff --git a/src/Test/TestConnection.php b/src/Test/TestConnection.php
index 913070f..11d0117 100644
--- a/src/Test/TestConnection.php
+++ b/src/Test/TestConnection.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function getIterator(): \Iterator
                     return new \ArrayIterator([]);
                 }
 
-                public function setFetchMode($mode, ...$args): bool
+                public function setFetchMode($mode, ...$args): true
                 {
                     return true;
                 }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function getIterator(): \Iterator
                     return new \ArrayIterator([]);
                 }
 
-                public function setFetchMode($mode, $params = null): bool
+                public function setFetchMode($mode, ...$params): true
                 {
                     return true;
                 }