From 547d2174de6d57f55013e61b431ffd148af91f56 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2025 07:53:51 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 01/28] Improve INSPIRE citekey handling and cleanup -
 Prioritize 'texkeys' field as citation key if present, and clear it after use
 - Add post-cleanup logic to detect and replace bad citation keys - Implement
 texkeys-style citekey generation

---
 .../importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java      | 87 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 87 insertions(+)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 83fdf7ea483..eb52e454645 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.util.MediaTypes;
 import org.jabref.logic.layout.format.LatexToUnicodeFormatter;
 import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.Author;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.AuthorList;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.UnknownField;
@@ -78,6 +80,90 @@ public void doPostCleanup(BibEntry entry) {
         new FieldFormatterCleanup(StandardField.TITLE, new RemoveEnclosingBracesFormatter()).cleanup(entry);
 
         new FieldFormatterCleanup(StandardField.TITLE, new LatexToUnicodeFormatter()).cleanup(entry);
+
+        // Check if the current citation key is bad (too long, contains URL, or illegal chars)
+        String key = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
+        if (isBadKey(key)) {
+            // If so, generate a new citation key and set as citation key
+            entry.setCitationKey(generateNewKey(entry));
+        }
+    }
+
+    String generateNewKey(BibEntry entry){
+        // Generate a new citation key following INSPIRE texkey rules
+        String newKey = "";
+        Optional<String> authors = entry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR);
+        Optional<String> year = entry.getField(StandardField.YEAR);
+
+        // Parse authors into structured list; if absent, returns empty list
+        List<Author> authorList = AuthorList.parse(authors.orElse("")).getAuthors();
+        if (year.isPresent()){
+            // If author info is available, use [first author's last name]:[year][other initials]
+            if (authors.isPresent() && !authorList.isEmpty()){
+                String firstLastName = authorList.getFirst().getNamePrefixAndFamilyName();
+                StringBuilder suffix = new StringBuilder();
+
+                // Append the first letter of each author's last name
+                for (Author author : authorList) {
+                    String lastName = author.getNamePrefixAndFamilyName();
+                    if (!lastName.isEmpty()) {
+                        suffix.append(lastName.charAt(0));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Remove the first author's initial
+                if (!suffix.isEmpty()) {
+                    suffix.deleteCharAt(0);
+                }
+                newKey = firstLastName + ":" + year.get() + suffix;
+            }
+            // If no author, but collaboration field exists, use [collaboration]:[year]
+            else if (entry.getField(new UnknownField("collaboration")).isPresent()) {
+                newKey = entry.getField(new UnknownField("collaboration")).get() + ":" + year.get();
+            }
+            // If no author/collaboration, but arXiv eprint exists, use arXiv:[eprint]
+            else if (entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).isPresent()) {
+                newKey = "arXiv:" + entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).get();
+            }
+            else {
+                // TODO: warning for missing important information
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            // If no year, fallback to arXiv if available
+            if (entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).isPresent()) {
+                newKey = "arXiv:" + entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).get();
+            }
+            else {
+                // TODO: warning for missing important information
+            }
+        }
+        return newKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the citation key is bad: contains illegal characters, is too long, or is a URL.
+     */
+    boolean isBadKey(String key){
+        char[] invalidChars = {'/', '\\', '*', '?', '"', '<', '>', '|', '#', '%'};
+        for (char c : invalidChars) {
+            if (key.contains(String.valueOf(c))) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        // Consider key bad if too long or is a URL
+        return key.length() > 30 || key.startsWith("http://") || key.startsWith("https://");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If the BibEntry contains a 'texkeys' field, use it as the citation key and clear the field.
+     */
+    void setTexkeys(BibEntry entry){
+        Optional<String> texkeys = entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
+        if (texkeys.isPresent() && !texkeys.get().isBlank()) {
+            entry.setCitationKey(texkeys.get());
+            entry.clearField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -110,6 +196,7 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
         try {
             URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
             List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
+            results.forEach(this::setTexkeys);
             results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
             return results;
         } catch (ParseException e) {

From 91ae89f8b42d288ef96966d2e7b92d8cd9a63dd0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7978428 <u7978428@anu.edu.au>
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2025 16:51:57 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 02/28] Provide a switch to let users choose whether to enable
 the texkeys function

---
 .../gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.java |  4 ++++
 .../websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java        | 10 ++++++++++
 .../gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.fxml |  5 +++++
 .../logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java     | 17 ++++++++++++++++-
 .../logic/preferences/JabRefCliPreferences.java |  6 +++++-
 5 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.java
index 12064d26e92..ff3ae253b6a 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.java
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ public class WebSearchTab extends AbstractPreferenceTabView<WebSearchTabViewMode
     @FXML private CheckBox grobidEnabled;
     @FXML private TextField grobidURL;
 
+    @FXML private CheckBox preferInspireTexkeys;
+
     @FXML private VBox fetchersContainer;
 
     private final ReadOnlyBooleanProperty refAiEnabled;
@@ -119,6 +121,8 @@ public void initialize() {
         useCustomDOIName.textProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.useCustomDOINameProperty());
         useCustomDOIName.disableProperty().bind(useCustomDOI.selectedProperty().not());
 
+        preferInspireTexkeys.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.preferInspireTexkeysProperty());
+
         InvalidationListener listener = _ -> fetchersContainer
                 .getChildren()
                 .setAll(viewModel.getFetchers()
diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
index dca966ff906..811b9ce866b 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ public class WebSearchTabViewModel implements PreferenceTabViewModel {
     private final BooleanProperty grobidEnabledProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
     private final StringProperty grobidURLProperty = new SimpleStringProperty("");
 
+    private final BooleanProperty preferInspireTexkeysProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
+
     private final BooleanProperty apikeyPersistProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
     private final BooleanProperty apikeyPersistAvailableProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
 
@@ -153,6 +155,8 @@ public void setValues() {
         grobidEnabledProperty.setValue(grobidPreferences.isGrobidEnabled());
         grobidURLProperty.setValue(grobidPreferences.getGrobidURL());
 
+        preferInspireTexkeysProperty.setValue(preferences.getImporterPreferences().isPreferInspireTexkeys());
+
         Set<FetcherApiKey> savedApiKeys = preferences.getImporterPreferences().getApiKeys();
         Set<String> enabledCatalogs = new HashSet<>(importerPreferences.getCatalogs());
 
@@ -207,6 +211,8 @@ public void storeSettings() {
         doiPreferences.setUseCustom(useCustomDOIProperty.get());
         doiPreferences.setDefaultBaseURI(useCustomDOINameProperty.getValue().trim());
 
+        importerPreferences.setPreferInspireTexkeys(preferInspireTexkeysProperty.getValue());
+
         importerPreferences.setCatalogs(
                 fetchers.stream()
                         .filter(FetcherViewModel::isEnabled)
@@ -289,6 +295,10 @@ public IntegerProperty citationsRelationsStoreTTLProperty() {
         return citationsRelationStoreTTL;
     }
 
+    public BooleanProperty preferInspireTexkeysProperty() {
+        return preferInspireTexkeysProperty;
+    }
+
     public void checkApiKey(FetcherViewModel fetcherViewModel, String apiKey, Consumer<Boolean> onFinished) {
         Callable<Boolean> tester = () -> {
             WebFetcher webFetcher = fetcherViewModel.getFetcher();
diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/resources/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.fxml b/jabgui/src/main/resources/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.fxml
index cf9d45183de..db25d349073 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/resources/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.fxml
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/resources/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTab.fxml
@@ -47,6 +47,11 @@
         <TextField fx:id="grobidURL" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS"/>
     </HBox>
 
+    <Label styleClass="sectionHeader" text="%INSPIRE preferences"/>
+    <FlowPane styleClass="checkbox-flowpane">
+        <CheckBox fx:id="preferInspireTexkeys" text="%Prefer INSPIRE texkeys; clean URL-like citation keys"/>
+    </FlowPane>
+
     <Label styleClass="sectionHeader" text="%Web search fetchers"/>
     <VBox fx:id="fetchersContainer"/>
 </fx:root>
diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
index 3e1c27449e5..96dd6db589c 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public class ImporterPreferences {
     private final ObservableList<String> catalogs;
     private final ObjectProperty<PlainCitationParserChoice> defaultPlainCitationParser;
     private final IntegerProperty citationsRelationsStoreTTL;
+    private final BooleanProperty preferInspireTexkeys;
 
     public ImporterPreferences(boolean importerEnabled,
                                boolean generateNewKeyOnImport,
@@ -43,7 +44,8 @@ public ImporterPreferences(boolean importerEnabled,
                                boolean persistCustomKeys,
                                List<String> catalogs,
                                PlainCitationParserChoice defaultPlainCitationParser,
-                               int citationsRelationsStoreTTL
+                               int citationsRelationsStoreTTL,
+                               boolean preferInspireTexkeys
     ) {
         this.importerEnabled = new SimpleBooleanProperty(importerEnabled);
         this.generateNewKeyOnImport = new SimpleBooleanProperty(generateNewKeyOnImport);
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ public ImporterPreferences(boolean importerEnabled,
         this.catalogs = FXCollections.observableArrayList(catalogs);
         this.defaultPlainCitationParser = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(defaultPlainCitationParser);
         this.citationsRelationsStoreTTL = new SimpleIntegerProperty(citationsRelationsStoreTTL);
+        this.preferInspireTexkeys = new SimpleBooleanProperty(preferInspireTexkeys);
     }
 
     public boolean areImporterEnabled() {
@@ -176,4 +179,16 @@ public IntegerProperty citationsRelationsStoreTTLProperty() {
     public void setCitationsRelationsStoreTTL(int citationsRelationsStoreTTL) {
         this.citationsRelationsStoreTTL.set(citationsRelationsStoreTTL);
     }
+
+    public boolean isPreferInspireTexkeys() {
+        return preferInspireTexkeys.get();
+    }
+
+    public BooleanProperty preferInspireTexkeysProperty() {
+        return preferInspireTexkeys;
+    }
+
+    public void setPreferInspireTexkeys(boolean preferInspireTexkeys) {
+        this.preferInspireTexkeys.set(preferInspireTexkeys);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/JabRefCliPreferences.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/JabRefCliPreferences.java
index c0f87ed2ddb..ae4cc677890 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/JabRefCliPreferences.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/JabRefCliPreferences.java
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ public class JabRefCliPreferences implements CliPreferences {
     public static final String SEARCH_CATALOGS = "searchCatalogs";
     public static final String DEFAULT_PLAIN_CITATION_PARSER = "defaultPlainCitationParser";
     public static final String CITATIONS_RELATIONS_STORE_TTL = "citationsRelationsStoreTTL";
+    public static final String PREFER_INSPIRE_TEXKEYS = "preferInspireTexkeys";
     public static final String IMPORTERS_ENABLED = "importersEnabled";
     public static final String GENERATE_KEY_ON_IMPORT = "generateKeyOnImport";
     public static final String GROBID_ENABLED = "grobidEnabled";
@@ -527,6 +528,7 @@ public JabRefCliPreferences() {
         defaults.put(IMPORTERS_ENABLED, Boolean.TRUE);
         defaults.put(GENERATE_KEY_ON_IMPORT, Boolean.TRUE);
         defaults.put(CITATIONS_RELATIONS_STORE_TTL, 30);
+        defaults.put(PREFER_INSPIRE_TEXKEYS, Boolean.TRUE);
 
         defaults.put(ADD_IMPORTED_ENTRIES, Boolean.FALSE);
         defaults.put(ADD_IMPORTED_ENTRIES_GROUP_NAME, Localization.lang("Imported entries"));
@@ -2223,7 +2225,8 @@ public ImporterPreferences getImporterPreferences() {
                 getBoolean(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_PERSIST),
                 getStringList(SEARCH_CATALOGS),
                 PlainCitationParserChoice.valueOf(get(DEFAULT_PLAIN_CITATION_PARSER)),
-                getInt(CITATIONS_RELATIONS_STORE_TTL)
+                getInt(CITATIONS_RELATIONS_STORE_TTL),
+                getBoolean(PREFER_INSPIRE_TEXKEYS)
         );
 
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.importerEnabledProperty(), (_, _, newValue) -> putBoolean(IMPORTERS_ENABLED, newValue));
@@ -2236,6 +2239,7 @@ public ImporterPreferences getImporterPreferences() {
         importerPreferences.getCatalogs().addListener((InvalidationListener) _ -> putStringList(SEARCH_CATALOGS, importerPreferences.getCatalogs()));
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.defaultPlainCitationParserProperty(), (_, _, newValue) -> put(DEFAULT_PLAIN_CITATION_PARSER, newValue.name()));
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.citationsRelationsStoreTTLProperty(), (_, _, newValue) -> put(CITATIONS_RELATIONS_STORE_TTL, newValue.toString()));
+        EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.preferInspireTexkeysProperty(), (_, _, newValue) -> putBoolean(PREFER_INSPIRE_TEXKEYS, newValue));
 
         return importerPreferences;
     }

From 9c6d882be2ce54855240e17046be5431f245e9db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: QiyuanHan <u7975384@anu.edu.au>
Date: Thu, 9 Oct 2025 13:42:08 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 03/28] feat(3.2): Add retry mechanism and validation to
 INSPIRE fetcher

- Implement retry mechanism with 3 attempts and exponential backoff
- Add timeout configuration (10s connect, 30s read)
- Add comprehensive logging (INFO/WARN/DEBUG levels)
- Add citation key validation to detect URL-like keys
- Improve error messages with actionable suggestions
- Add test guide for validation

Part of issue #12292 - Task 3.2: INSPIRE API optimization
Provides stable data source for other team members' tasks
---
 .../importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java      | 188 +++++++++++++++++-
 test_inspire_retry.md                         | 118 +++++++++++
 2 files changed, 297 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test_inspire_retry.md

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 83fdf7ea483..f390914a655 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
@@ -29,15 +30,41 @@
 
 import org.apache.hc.core5.net.URIBuilder;
 import org.jspecify.annotations.NonNull;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 /**
  * Fetches data from the INSPIRE database.
+ * 
+ * Enhanced version with:
+ * - Retry mechanism for network failures
+ * - Better error handling and logging
+ * - Validation of fetched data
+ * - Optimized request headers
  */
 public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetcher {
 
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(INSPIREFetcher.class);
+    
     private static final String INSPIRE_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/";
     private static final String INSPIRE_DOI_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/doi/";
     private static final String INSPIRE_ARXIV_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/arxiv/";
+    
+    // Retry configuration
+    private static final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;
+    private static final long RETRY_DELAY_MS = 1000; // 1 second base delay
+    
+    // Timeout configuration (in milliseconds)
+    private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS = 10000; // 10 seconds
+    private static final int READ_TIMEOUT_MS = 30000;    // 30 seconds
+    
+    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE = 
+        "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE using %s after %d attempts.\n" +
+        "Possible causes:\n" +
+        "- Network connection issue\n" +
+        "- INSPIRE service temporarily unavailable\n" +
+        "- Invalid identifier format\n" +
+        "Please check your internet connection and try again.";
 
     private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
 
@@ -65,7 +92,15 @@ public URL getURLForQuery(BaseQueryNode queryNode) throws URISyntaxException, Ma
     @Override
     public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
         URLDownload download = new URLDownload(url);
+        
+        // Set comprehensive headers
         download.addHeader("Accept", MediaTypes.APPLICATION_BIBTEX);
+        download.addHeader("User-Agent", "JabRef/" + getClass().getPackage().getImplementationVersion());
+        
+        // Set timeouts to prevent hanging
+        download.setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        download.setReadTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        
         return download;
     }
 
@@ -78,6 +113,13 @@ public void doPostCleanup(BibEntry entry) {
         new FieldFormatterCleanup(StandardField.TITLE, new RemoveEnclosingBracesFormatter()).cleanup(entry);
 
         new FieldFormatterCleanup(StandardField.TITLE, new LatexToUnicodeFormatter()).cleanup(entry);
+        
+        // Log the citation key for debugging
+        if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            entry.getCitationKey().ifPresent(key -> 
+                LOGGER.debug("Post-cleanup citation key: {}", key)
+            );
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -92,11 +134,19 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
         Optional<String> eprint = entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT);
 
         String urlString;
-        if (archiveprefix.filter("arxiv"::equals).isPresent() && eprint.isPresent()) {
+        String identifier;
+        
+        // Prioritize arXiv (INSPIRE has best support for arXiv identifiers)
+        if (archiveprefix.filter("arxiv"::equalsIgnoreCase).isPresent() && eprint.isPresent()) {
             urlString = INSPIRE_ARXIV_HOST + eprint.get();
+            identifier = "arXiv:" + eprint.get();
+            LOGGER.debug("Using INSPIRE arXiv endpoint for: {}", identifier);
         } else if (doi.isPresent()) {
             urlString = INSPIRE_DOI_HOST + doi.get();
+            identifier = "DOI:" + doi.get();
+            LOGGER.debug("Using INSPIRE DOI endpoint for: {}", identifier);
         } else {
+            LOGGER.debug("No suitable identifier found for INSPIRE search");
             return List.of();
         }
 
@@ -104,16 +154,136 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
         try {
             url = new URI(urlString).toURL();
         } catch (MalformedURLException | URISyntaxException e) {
-            throw new FetcherException("Invalid URL", e);
+            throw new FetcherException("Invalid INSPIRE URL: " + urlString, e);
         }
 
-        try {
-            URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
-            List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
-            results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
-            return results;
-        } catch (ParseException e) {
-            throw new FetcherException(url, e);
+        // Use retry mechanism for robust fetching
+        List<BibEntry> results = performSearchWithRetry(url, identifier);
+        
+        // Validate and log results
+        validateResults(results, identifier);
+        
+        return results;
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * Performs the search with automatic retry on failure.
+     * Implements exponential backoff for retries.
+     * 
+     * @param url The URL to fetch from
+     * @param identifier Human-readable identifier for logging
+     * @return List of fetched BibEntry objects
+     * @throws FetcherException if all retry attempts fail
+     */
+    private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws FetcherException {
+        int attempt = 0;
+        FetcherException lastException = null;
+        
+        while (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
+            try {
+                LOGGER.info("Fetching from INSPIRE (attempt {}/{}): {} [{}]", 
+                           attempt + 1, MAX_RETRIES, url, identifier);
+                
+                URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
+                List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
+                
+                // Log success
+                if (results.isEmpty()) {
+                    LOGGER.warn("INSPIRE returned empty results for: {} [{}]", url, identifier);
+                } else {
+                    LOGGER.info("Successfully fetched {} entries from INSPIRE for [{}]", 
+                               results.size(), identifier);
+                }
+                
+                // Apply post-processing
+                results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
+                return results;
+                
+            } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
+                lastException = new FetcherException(url, 
+                    "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE (attempt " + (attempt + 1) + "): " + e.getMessage(), e);
+                
+                LOGGER.warn("Fetch attempt {} failed for [{}]: {}", 
+                           attempt + 1, identifier, e.getMessage());
+                
+                attempt++;
+                
+                // Implement exponential backoff for retries
+                if (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
+                    long delay = RETRY_DELAY_MS * (long) Math.pow(2, attempt - 1);
+                    LOGGER.info("Retrying in {} ms...", delay);
+                    
+                    try {
+                        Thread.sleep(delay);
+                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                        throw new FetcherException("Interrupted during retry for [" + identifier + "]", ie);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // All retries failed
+        throw new FetcherException(
+            String.format(ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE, identifier, MAX_RETRIES), 
+            lastException
+        );
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * Validates the fetched results and logs warnings for potential issues.
+     * This helps identify when INSPIRE returns data but without proper texkeys.
+     * 
+     * @param results The list of fetched entries
+     * @param identifier The identifier used for fetching
+     */
+    private void validateResults(List<BibEntry> results, String identifier) {
+        if (results.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        
+        for (BibEntry entry : results) {
+            // Check for citation key
+            if (!entry.hasCitationKey()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no citation key - may need fallback generation", 
+                           identifier);
+            } else {
+                String citationKey = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
+                
+                // Check for problematic citation keys (URLs, DOIs, etc.)
+                if (citationKey.startsWith("http") || 
+                    citationKey.startsWith("https") ||
+                    citationKey.startsWith("doi:") ||
+                    citationKey.contains("://")) {
+                    
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has URL-like citation key: '{}' [{}] - cleanup may be needed", 
+                               citationKey, identifier);
+                } else if (citationKey.length() > 100) {
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has unusually long citation key ({} chars) [{}] - cleanup may be needed", 
+                               citationKey.length(), identifier);
+                } else {
+                    LOGGER.info("Got valid citation key: '{}' [{}]", citationKey, identifier);
+                }
+            }
+            
+            // Check for required fields
+            if (entry.getField(StandardField.TITLE).isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no title", identifier);
+            }
+            
+            if (entry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR).isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no author", identifier);
+            }
+            
+            // Log whether journal information is present (helps verify we got published version)
+            boolean hasJournalInfo = entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNAL).isPresent() ||
+                                    entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNALTITLE).isPresent();
+            if (hasJournalInfo) {
+                LOGGER.debug("Entry [{}] includes journal publication info", identifier);
+            } else {
+                LOGGER.debug("Entry [{}] has no journal info (may be preprint only)", identifier);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
+
diff --git a/test_inspire_retry.md b/test_inspire_retry.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f8918f73f7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_inspire_retry.md
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+# INSPIRE Fetcher 测试指南
+
+## 测试 Issue #12292 - 3.2 部分（重试机制和验证）
+
+### 测试用例 1：正常 arXiv 搜索
+**目标**：验证能成功获取数据
+```
+输入：arXiv 编号 2409.15408
+期望：
+- 成功获取数据
+- 有日志输出：INFO "Fetching from INSPIRE..."
+- 有日志输出：INFO "Successfully fetched X entries"
+```
+
+### 测试用例 2：网络重试
+**目标**：验证重试机制
+```
+模拟：网络超时
+期望：
+- 自动重试 3 次
+- 日志显示：WARN "Fetch attempt 1 failed"
+- 日志显示：INFO "Retrying in 1000 ms..."
+- 日志显示：INFO "Retrying in 2000 ms..."
+```
+
+### 测试用例 3：结果验证
+**目标**：验证 citation key 质量检查
+```
+场景 A：返回正常 citation key
+期望：INFO "Got valid citation key: 'Author:2024abc'"
+
+场景 B：返回 URL 形式的 key
+期望：WARN "Entry has URL-like citation key: 'https://...'"
+
+场景 C：返回超长 key
+期望：WARN "Entry has unusually long citation key (150 chars)"
+```
+
+### 测试用例 4：日志完整性
+**期望的日志输出**：
+```
+[DEBUG] Using INSPIRE arXiv endpoint for: arXiv:2409.15408
+[INFO]  Fetching from INSPIRE (attempt 1/3): https://... [arXiv:2409.15408]
+[INFO]  Successfully fetched 1 entries from INSPIRE for [arXiv:2409.15408]
+[DEBUG] Post-cleanup citation key: Author:2024abc
+[INFO]  Got valid citation key: 'Author:2024abc' [arXiv:2409.15408]
+[DEBUG] Entry [arXiv:2409.15408] includes journal publication info
+```
+
+## 如何测试
+
+### 方法 1：IntelliJ 中运行
+1. 在 IntelliJ 中打开项目
+2. 运行 JabRef
+3. 打开 Web Search，选择 INSPIRE
+4. 搜索 arXiv 编号
+5. 查看控制台日志
+
+### 方法 2：查看日志文件
+JabRef 的日志文件通常在：
+- macOS: `~/Library/Logs/JabRef/`
+- Windows: `%APPDATA%\JabRef\logs\`
+- Linux: `~/.local/share/JabRef/logs/`
+
+### 方法 3：单元测试
+```java
+@Test
+void testArxivFetchWithRetry() throws Exception {
+    BibEntry entry = new BibEntry();
+    entry.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
+    entry.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2409.15408");
+    
+    List<BibEntry> results = fetcher.performSearch(entry);
+    
+    assertFalse(results.isEmpty());
+    assertTrue(results.get(0).hasCitationKey());
+    
+    // 检查 citation key 不是 URL
+    String citationKey = results.get(0).getCitationKey().orElse("");
+    assertFalse(citationKey.startsWith("http"));
+    assertTrue(citationKey.length() < 100);
+}
+```
+
+## 与团队协作测试
+
+### 与同学 A（Core Logic）协作：
+```
+你的输出 → 同学A的输入
+验证数据质量 → 提取 texkeys
+```
+
+### 与同学 C（Routing）协作：
+```
+同学C路由到INSPIRE → 你的重试机制生效
+```
+
+### 与同学 D（Cleanup）协作：
+```
+你标记不良键 → 同学D清理
+```
+
+## 成功标准
+
+✅ 重试机制工作正常（3次重试，指数退避）
+✅ 超时控制生效（不会卡死）
+✅ 日志输出完整（INFO/WARN/DEBUG）
+✅ 能识别不良 citation key（URL、超长）
+✅ 错误提示友好
+
+## 问题排查
+
+如果测试失败：
+1. 检查网络连接
+2. 查看日志文件
+3. 验证 INSPIRE API 是否可访问
+4. 确认 arXiv 编号格式正确
+

From f248c71a41b469dbd0f4c4cbee818076f426f91a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: QiyuanHan <u7975384@anu.edu.au>
Date: Thu, 9 Oct 2025 14:11:53 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 04/28] fix: Adjust timeout and exception handling for
 URLDownload compatibility

- Import java.time.Duration for timeout settings
- Use Duration.ofMillis() for setConnectTimeout (URLDownload only supports connect timeout)
- Remove setReadTimeout (not supported by URLDownload class)
- Change catch block to ParseException | FetcherException (IOException not thrown)
- Code now compiles successfully
---
 .../jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java    | 9 ++++-----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 0828c73a733..7cf1070ee1e 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.net.URL;
+import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
@@ -58,7 +59,6 @@ public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetch
     
     // Timeout configuration (in milliseconds)
     private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS = 10000; // 10 seconds
-    private static final int READ_TIMEOUT_MS = 30000;    // 30 seconds
     
     private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE = 
         "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE using %s after %d attempts.\n" +
@@ -99,9 +99,8 @@ public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
         download.addHeader("Accept", MediaTypes.APPLICATION_BIBTEX);
         download.addHeader("User-Agent", "JabRef/" + getClass().getPackage().getImplementationVersion());
         
-        // Set timeouts to prevent hanging
-        download.setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
-        download.setReadTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        // Set connection timeout to prevent hanging
+        download.setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS));
         
         return download;
     }
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws
                 results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
                 return results;
                 
-            } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
+            } catch (ParseException | FetcherException e) {
                 lastException = new FetcherException(url, 
                     "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE (attempt " + (attempt + 1) + "): " + e.getMessage(), e);
                 

From 6133c0ba3c013afd31ba7f3a59e99652f3153140 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2025 16:22:25 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 05/28] Use CitationKeyGenerator to generate new keys for
 INSPIREFetcher and ArXivFetcher in FetchAndMergeEntry.

---
 .../gui/mergeentries/FetchAndMergeEntry.java  |  11 ++
 .../importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java      | 159 +++++-------------
 2 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 116 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/mergeentries/FetchAndMergeEntry.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/mergeentries/FetchAndMergeEntry.java
index 63666e0e464..8e41b8d5411 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/mergeentries/FetchAndMergeEntry.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/mergeentries/FetchAndMergeEntry.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import org.jabref.gui.undo.NamedCompoundEdit;
 import org.jabref.gui.undo.UndoableChangeType;
 import org.jabref.gui.undo.UndoableFieldChange;
+import org.jabref.logic.citationkeypattern.CitationKeyGenerator;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.EntryBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherClientException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherServerException;
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportCleanup;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BackgroundTask;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.TaskExecutor;
@@ -172,6 +175,14 @@ public void fetchAndMerge(BibEntry entry, EntryBasedFetcher fetcher) {
                           if (fetchedEntry.isPresent()) {
                               ImportCleanup cleanup = ImportCleanup.targeting(bibDatabaseContext.getMode(), preferences.getFieldPreferences());
                               cleanup.doPostCleanup(fetchedEntry.get());
+
+                              // Generate a new citation key for entries fetched by INSPIREFetcher or ArXivFetcher
+                              // to avoid long key
+                              if (fetcher instanceof INSPIREFetcher || fetcher instanceof ArXivFetcher) {
+                                  CitationKeyGenerator keyGen = new CitationKeyGenerator(bibDatabaseContext, preferences.getCitationKeyPatternPreferences());
+                                  keyGen.generateAndSetKey(fetchedEntry.get());
+                              }
+
                               showMergeDialog(entry, fetchedEntry.get(), fetcher);
                           } else {
                               dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Could not find any bibliographic information."));
diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 7cf1070ee1e..5991342aed0 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Fetches data from the INSPIRE database.
- * 
+ *
  * Enhanced version with:
  * - Retry mechanism for network failures
  * - Better error handling and logging
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@
 public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetcher {
 
     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(INSPIREFetcher.class);
-    
+
     private static final String INSPIRE_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/";
     private static final String INSPIRE_DOI_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/doi/";
     private static final String INSPIRE_ARXIV_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/arxiv/";
-    
+
     // Retry configuration
     private static final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;
     private static final long RETRY_DELAY_MS = 1000; // 1 second base delay
-    
+
     // Timeout configuration (in milliseconds)
     private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS = 10000; // 10 seconds
-    
-    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE = 
+
+    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE =
         "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE using %s after %d attempts.\n" +
         "Possible causes:\n" +
         "- Network connection issue\n" +
@@ -94,14 +94,14 @@ public URL getURLForQuery(BaseQueryNode queryNode) throws URISyntaxException, Ma
     @Override
     public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
         URLDownload download = new URLDownload(url);
-        
+
         // Set comprehensive headers
         download.addHeader("Accept", MediaTypes.APPLICATION_BIBTEX);
         download.addHeader("User-Agent", "JabRef/" + getClass().getPackage().getImplementationVersion());
-        
+
         // Set connection timeout to prevent hanging
         download.setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS));
-        
+
         return download;
     }
 
@@ -115,87 +115,14 @@ public void doPostCleanup(BibEntry entry) {
 
         new FieldFormatterCleanup(StandardField.TITLE, new LatexToUnicodeFormatter()).cleanup(entry);
 
-        // Check if the current citation key is bad (too long, contains URL, or illegal chars)
-        String key = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
-        if (isBadKey(key)) {
-            // If so, generate a new citation key and set as citation key
-            entry.setCitationKey(generateNewKey(entry));
-        }
-        
         // Log the citation key for debugging
         if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
-            entry.getCitationKey().ifPresent(citationKey -> 
+            entry.getCitationKey().ifPresent(citationKey ->
                 LOGGER.debug("Post-cleanup citation key: {}", citationKey)
             );
         }
     }
 
-    String generateNewKey(BibEntry entry){
-        // Generate a new citation key following INSPIRE texkey rules
-        String newKey = "";
-        Optional<String> authors = entry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR);
-        Optional<String> year = entry.getField(StandardField.YEAR);
-
-        // Parse authors into structured list; if absent, returns empty list
-        List<Author> authorList = AuthorList.parse(authors.orElse("")).getAuthors();
-        if (year.isPresent()){
-            // If author info is available, use [first author's last name]:[year][other initials]
-            if (authors.isPresent() && !authorList.isEmpty()){
-                String firstLastName = authorList.getFirst().getNamePrefixAndFamilyName();
-                StringBuilder suffix = new StringBuilder();
-
-                // Append the first letter of each author's last name
-                for (Author author : authorList) {
-                    String lastName = author.getNamePrefixAndFamilyName();
-                    if (!lastName.isEmpty()) {
-                        suffix.append(lastName.charAt(0));
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // Remove the first author's initial
-                if (!suffix.isEmpty()) {
-                    suffix.deleteCharAt(0);
-                }
-                newKey = firstLastName + ":" + year.get() + suffix;
-            }
-            // If no author, but collaboration field exists, use [collaboration]:[year]
-            else if (entry.getField(new UnknownField("collaboration")).isPresent()) {
-                newKey = entry.getField(new UnknownField("collaboration")).get() + ":" + year.get();
-            }
-            // If no author/collaboration, but arXiv eprint exists, use arXiv:[eprint]
-            else if (entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).isPresent()) {
-                newKey = "arXiv:" + entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).get();
-            }
-            else {
-                // TODO: warning for missing important information
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            // If no year, fallback to arXiv if available
-            if (entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).isPresent()) {
-                newKey = "arXiv:" + entry.getField(StandardField.EPRINT).get();
-            }
-            else {
-                // TODO: warning for missing important information
-            }
-        }
-        return newKey;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks if the citation key is bad: contains illegal characters, is too long, or is a URL.
-     */
-    boolean isBadKey(String key){
-        char[] invalidChars = {'/', '\\', '*', '?', '"', '<', '>', '|', '#', '%'};
-        for (char c : invalidChars) {
-            if (key.contains(String.valueOf(c))) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        // Consider key bad if too long or is a URL
-        return key.length() > 30 || key.startsWith("http://") || key.startsWith("https://");
-    }
-
     /**
      * If the BibEntry contains a 'texkeys' field, use it as the citation key and clear the field.
      */
@@ -220,7 +147,7 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
 
         String urlString;
         String identifier;
-        
+
         // Prioritize arXiv (INSPIRE has best support for arXiv identifiers)
         if (archiveprefix.filter("arxiv"::equalsIgnoreCase).isPresent() && eprint.isPresent()) {
             urlString = INSPIRE_ARXIV_HOST + eprint.get();
@@ -244,20 +171,20 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
 
         // Use retry mechanism for robust fetching
         List<BibEntry> results = performSearchWithRetry(url, identifier);
-        
+
         // Apply Sonia's texkeys extraction (3.1 task)
         results.forEach(this::setTexkeys);
-        
+
         // Validate and log results
         validateResults(results, identifier);
-        
+
         return results;
     }
-    
+
     /**
      * Performs the search with automatic retry on failure.
      * Implements exponential backoff for retries.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param url The URL to fetch from
      * @param identifier Human-readable identifier for logging
      * @return List of fetched BibEntry objects
@@ -266,41 +193,41 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
     private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws FetcherException {
         int attempt = 0;
         FetcherException lastException = null;
-        
+
         while (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
             try {
-                LOGGER.info("Fetching from INSPIRE (attempt {}/{}): {} [{}]", 
+                LOGGER.info("Fetching from INSPIRE (attempt {}/{}): {} [{}]",
                            attempt + 1, MAX_RETRIES, url, identifier);
-                
+
                 URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
                 List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
-                
+
                 // Log success
                 if (results.isEmpty()) {
                     LOGGER.warn("INSPIRE returned empty results for: {} [{}]", url, identifier);
                 } else {
-                    LOGGER.info("Successfully fetched {} entries from INSPIRE for [{}]", 
+                    LOGGER.info("Successfully fetched {} entries from INSPIRE for [{}]",
                                results.size(), identifier);
                 }
-                
+
                 // Apply post-processing
                 results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
                 return results;
-                
+
             } catch (ParseException | FetcherException e) {
-                lastException = new FetcherException(url, 
+                lastException = new FetcherException(url,
                     "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE (attempt " + (attempt + 1) + "): " + e.getMessage(), e);
-                
-                LOGGER.warn("Fetch attempt {} failed for [{}]: {}", 
+
+                LOGGER.warn("Fetch attempt {} failed for [{}]: {}",
                            attempt + 1, identifier, e.getMessage());
-                
+
                 attempt++;
-                
+
                 // Implement exponential backoff for retries
                 if (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
                     long delay = RETRY_DELAY_MS * (long) Math.pow(2, attempt - 1);
                     LOGGER.info("Retrying in {} ms...", delay);
-                    
+
                     try {
                         Thread.sleep(delay);
                     } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
@@ -310,18 +237,18 @@ private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws
                 }
             }
         }
-        
+
         // All retries failed
         throw new FetcherException(
-            String.format(ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE, identifier, MAX_RETRIES), 
+            String.format(ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE, identifier, MAX_RETRIES),
             lastException
         );
     }
-    
+
     /**
      * Validates the fetched results and logs warnings for potential issues.
      * This helps identify when INSPIRE returns data but without proper texkeys.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param results The list of fetched entries
      * @param identifier The identifier used for fetching
      */
@@ -329,40 +256,40 @@ private void validateResults(List<BibEntry> results, String identifier) {
         if (results.isEmpty()) {
             return;
         }
-        
+
         for (BibEntry entry : results) {
             // Check for citation key
             if (!entry.hasCitationKey()) {
-                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no citation key - may need fallback generation", 
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no citation key - may need fallback generation",
                            identifier);
             } else {
                 String citationKey = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
-                
+
                 // Check for problematic citation keys (URLs, DOIs, etc.)
-                if (citationKey.startsWith("http") || 
+                if (citationKey.startsWith("http") ||
                     citationKey.startsWith("https") ||
                     citationKey.startsWith("doi:") ||
                     citationKey.contains("://")) {
-                    
-                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has URL-like citation key: '{}' [{}] - cleanup may be needed", 
+
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has URL-like citation key: '{}' [{}] - cleanup may be needed",
                                citationKey, identifier);
                 } else if (citationKey.length() > 100) {
-                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has unusually long citation key ({} chars) [{}] - cleanup may be needed", 
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has unusually long citation key ({} chars) [{}] - cleanup may be needed",
                                citationKey.length(), identifier);
                 } else {
                     LOGGER.info("Got valid citation key: '{}' [{}]", citationKey, identifier);
                 }
             }
-            
+
             // Check for required fields
             if (entry.getField(StandardField.TITLE).isEmpty()) {
                 LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no title", identifier);
             }
-            
+
             if (entry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR).isEmpty()) {
                 LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no author", identifier);
             }
-            
+
             // Log whether journal information is present (helps verify we got published version)
             boolean hasJournalInfo = entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNAL).isPresent() ||
                                     entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNALTITLE).isPresent();

From f6907cc3e1772424ee8c072ef7f17cae64436a3d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7978428 <u7978428@anu.edu.au>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 11:13:54 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 06/28]  Implement identifier detection and UI prompt
 enhancement

---
 .../importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneView.java   | 32 ++++++++-
 .../fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java       | 70 +++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneView.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneView.java
index d5347ccc061..192d38b94b9 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneView.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneView.java
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import javafx.css.PseudoClass;
 import javafx.scene.control.Button;
 import javafx.scene.control.ComboBox;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 import javafx.scene.control.Tooltip;
 import javafx.scene.input.KeyCode;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ private void initialize() {
         getChildren().addAll(
                 fetcherContainer,
                 createQueryField(),
+                createIdentifierHint(),
                 createSearchButton()
         );
         this.disableProperty().bind(searchDisabledProperty());
@@ -108,6 +110,34 @@ private TextField createQueryField() {
         return query;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create identifier hint label
+     */
+    private Label createIdentifierHint() {
+        Label identifierHint = new Label();
+        identifierHint.getStyleClass().add("identifier-hint");
+        identifierHint.visibleProperty().bind(viewModel.identifierDetectedProperty());
+        
+        // Use EasyBind to create dynamic text binding
+        EasyBind.subscribe(viewModel.identifierDetectedProperty(), detected -> {
+            if (detected) {
+                String identifierType = viewModel.getDetectedIdentifierType();
+                identifierHint.setText(Localization.lang("Detected identifier: %0", identifierType));
+            } else {
+                identifierHint.setText("");
+            }
+        });
+        
+        // Also listen to identifier type changes
+        EasyBind.subscribe(viewModel.detectedIdentifierTypeProperty(), identifierType -> {
+            if (viewModel.isIdentifierDetected()) {
+                identifierHint.setText(Localization.lang("Detected identifier: %0", identifierType));
+            }
+        });
+        
+        return identifierHint;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create button that triggers search
      */
@@ -147,4 +177,4 @@ private ObservableBooleanValue searchDisabledProperty() {
                 stateManager.getOpenDatabases()
         );
     }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
index 118a0d6a6dd..c767e5f0e64 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 package org.jabref.gui.importer.fetcher;
 
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 
+import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.ListProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleListProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
@@ -22,6 +25,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
 import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BackgroundTask;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.Identifier;
 import org.jabref.model.search.query.SearchQuery;
 import org.jabref.model.strings.StringUtil;
 import org.jabref.model.util.OptionalUtil;
@@ -40,6 +44,8 @@ public class WebSearchPaneViewModel {
     private final ObjectProperty<SearchBasedFetcher> selectedFetcher = new SimpleObjectProperty<>();
     private final ListProperty<SearchBasedFetcher> fetchers = new SimpleListProperty<>(FXCollections.observableArrayList());
     private final StringProperty query = new SimpleStringProperty();
+    private final BooleanProperty identifierDetected = new SimpleBooleanProperty(false);
+    private final StringProperty detectedIdentifierType = new SimpleStringProperty("");
     private final DialogService dialogService;
     private final GuiPreferences preferences;
     private final StateManager stateManager;
@@ -68,6 +74,9 @@ public WebSearchPaneViewModel(GuiPreferences preferences, DialogService dialogSe
             sidePanePreferences.setWebSearchFetcherSelected(newIndex);
         });
 
+        // Subscribe to query changes to detect identifiers
+        EasyBind.subscribe(query, this::updateIdentifierDetection);
+
         searchQueryValidator = new FunctionBasedValidator<>(
                 query,
                 queryText -> {
@@ -94,7 +103,7 @@ public WebSearchPaneViewModel(GuiPreferences preferences, DialogService dialogSe
                             int line = offendingToken.getLine();
                             int charPositionInLine = offendingToken.getCharPositionInLine() + 1;
 
-                            return ValidationMessage.error(Localization.lang("Invalid query element '%0' at position %1", line, charPositionInLine));
+                            return ValidationMessage.error(Localization.lang("Invalid query element '%0' at position %1", offendingToken.getText(), charPositionInLine));
                         }
 
                         // Fallback for other failing reasons
@@ -129,10 +138,8 @@ public StringProperty queryProperty() {
 
     public void search() {
         if (!preferences.getImporterPreferences().areImporterEnabled()) {
-            if (!preferences.getImporterPreferences().areImporterEnabled()) {
-                dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Web search disabled"));
-                return;
-            }
+            dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Web search disabled"));
+            return;
         }
 
         String query = getQuery().trim();
@@ -172,4 +179,55 @@ public void search() {
     public ValidationStatus queryValidationStatus() {
         return searchQueryValidator.getValidationStatus();
     }
-}
+
+    public boolean isIdentifierDetected() {
+        return identifierDetected.get();
+    }
+
+    public BooleanProperty identifierDetectedProperty() {
+        return identifierDetected;
+    }
+
+    public String getDetectedIdentifierType() {
+        return detectedIdentifierType.get();
+    }
+
+    public StringProperty detectedIdentifierTypeProperty() {
+        return detectedIdentifierType;
+    }
+
+    private void updateIdentifierDetection(String queryText) {
+        if (StringUtil.isBlank(queryText)) {
+            identifierDetected.set(false);
+            detectedIdentifierType.set("");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Optional<Identifier> identifier = Identifier.from(queryText.trim());
+        if (identifier.isPresent()) {
+            identifierDetected.set(true);
+            detectedIdentifierType.set(getIdentifierTypeName(identifier.get()));
+        } else {
+            identifierDetected.set(false);
+            detectedIdentifierType.set("");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getIdentifierTypeName(Identifier identifier) {
+        String className = identifier.getClass().getSimpleName();
+        switch (className) {
+            case "DOI":
+                return Localization.lang("DOI");
+            case "ArXivIdentifier":
+                return Localization.lang("ArXiv");
+            case "ISBN":
+                return Localization.lang("ISBN");
+            case "SSRN":
+                return Localization.lang("SSRN");
+            case "RFC":
+                return Localization.lang("RFC");
+            default:
+                return className;
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

From c27693809ff45480ae9392a4f823e9cfe9ea1f4e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Junqi Wu <u7984192@anu.edu.au>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 15:03:38 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 07/28] feat: enhance INSPIREFetcher with texkeys extraction
 and retry mechanism.

---
 .../importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java      | 214 +++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 205 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 83fdf7ea483..d46ed83b9ac 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.formatter.bibtexfields.ClearFormatter;
 import org.jabref.logic.formatter.bibtexfields.RemoveEnclosingBracesFormatter;
 import org.jabref.logic.help.HelpFile;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.EntryBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherException;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.EntryBasedFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.IdBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ParseException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.UnknownField;
 import org.jabref.model.search.query.BaseQueryNode;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.ArXivIdentifier;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.DOI;
 
 import org.apache.hc.core5.net.URIBuilder;
 import org.jspecify.annotations.NonNull;
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@
 /**
  * Fetches data from the INSPIRE database.
  */
-public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetcher {
+public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetcher, IdBasedFetcher {
 
     private static final String INSPIRE_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/";
     private static final String INSPIRE_DOI_HOST = "https://inspirehep.net/api/doi/";
@@ -41,6 +44,12 @@ public class INSPIREFetcher implements SearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedFetch
 
     private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
 
+    private static final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;
+    private static final long RETRY_DELAY_MS = 1000;
+    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE = "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE for identifier '%s' after %d attempts.";
+
+    private static final org.slf4j.Logger LOGGER = org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(INSPIREFetcher.class);
+
     public INSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences preferences) {
         this.importFormatPreferences = preferences;
     }
@@ -85,6 +94,21 @@ public Parser getParser() {
         return new BibtexParser(importFormatPreferences);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) throws FetcherException {
+        Optional<ArXivIdentifier> arXivIdentifier = ArXivIdentifier.parse(identifier);
+        if (arXivIdentifier.isPresent()) {
+            return performSearchByArXivId(arXivIdentifier.get());
+        }
+
+        Optional<DOI> doi = DOI.parse(identifier);
+        if (doi.isPresent()) {
+            return performSearchByDoi(doi.get());
+        }
+
+        return Optional.empty();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherException {
         Optional<String> doi = entry.getField(StandardField.DOI);
@@ -107,13 +131,185 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
             throw new FetcherException("Invalid URL", e);
         }
 
-        try {
-            URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
-            List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
-            results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
-            return results;
-        } catch (ParseException e) {
-            throw new FetcherException(url, e);
+        // Use retry mechanism for robust fetching
+        List<BibEntry> results = performSearchWithRetry(url, entry.getCitationKey().orElse("unknown"));
+
+        // Apply texkeys extraction - CRITICAL for Issue #12292
+        results.forEach(this::setTexkeys);
+
+        // Validate and log results
+        validateResults(results, entry.getCitationKey().orElse("unknown"));
+
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    private Optional<BibEntry> performSearchByArXivId(ArXivIdentifier identifier) throws FetcherException {
+        BibEntry entry = new BibEntry();
+        entry.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
+        entry.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, identifier.asString());
+        identifier.getClassification().ifPresent(classification ->
+                entry.setField(StandardField.PRIMARYCLASS, classification));
+        return performSearch(entry).stream().findFirst();
+    }
+
+    private Optional<BibEntry> performSearchByDoi(DOI doi) throws FetcherException {
+        BibEntry entry = new BibEntry();
+        entry.setField(StandardField.DOI, doi.asString());
+        return performSearch(entry).stream().findFirst();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs the search with automatic retry on failure.
+     * Implements exponential backoff for retries.
+     *
+     * @param url The URL to fetch from
+     * @param identifier Human-readable identifier for logging
+     * @return List of fetched BibEntry objects
+     * @throws FetcherException if all retry attempts fail
+     */
+    private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws FetcherException {
+        int attempt = 0;
+        FetcherException lastException = null;
+
+        while (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
+            try {
+                LOGGER.info("Fetching from INSPIRE (attempt {}/{}): {} [{}]",
+                           attempt + 1, MAX_RETRIES, url, identifier);
+
+                URLDownload download = getUrlDownload(url);
+                List<BibEntry> results = getParser().parseEntries(download.asInputStream());
+
+                // Log success
+                if (results.isEmpty()) {
+                    LOGGER.warn("INSPIRE returned empty results for: {} [{}]", url, identifier);
+                } else {
+                    LOGGER.info("Successfully fetched {} entries from INSPIRE for [{}]",
+                               results.size(), identifier);
+                }
+
+                // Apply post-processing
+                results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
+                return results;
+
+            } catch (ParseException | FetcherException e) {
+                lastException = new FetcherException(url,
+                    "Failed to fetch from INSPIRE (attempt " + (attempt + 1) + "): " + e.getMessage(), e);
+
+                LOGGER.warn("Fetch attempt {} failed for [{}]: {}",
+                           attempt + 1, identifier, e.getMessage());
+
+                attempt++;
+
+                // Implement exponential backoff for retries
+                if (attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
+                    long delay = RETRY_DELAY_MS * (long) Math.pow(2, attempt - 1);
+                    LOGGER.info("Retrying in {} ms...", delay);
+
+                    try {
+                        Thread.sleep(delay);
+                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                        throw new FetcherException("Interrupted during retry for [" + identifier + "]", ie);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // All retries failed
+        throw new FetcherException(
+            String.format(ERROR_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE, identifier, MAX_RETRIES),
+            lastException
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validates the fetched results and logs warnings for potential issues.
+     * This helps identify when INSPIRE returns data but without proper texkeys.
+     *
+     * @param results The list of fetched entries
+     * @param identifier The identifier used for fetching
+     */
+    private void validateResults(List<BibEntry> results, String identifier) {
+        if (results.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (BibEntry entry : results) {
+            // Check for citation key
+            if (!entry.hasCitationKey()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no citation key - may need fallback generation",
+                           identifier);
+            } else {
+                String citationKey = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
+
+                // Check for problematic citation keys (URLs, DOIs, etc.)
+                if (citationKey.startsWith("http") ||
+                    citationKey.startsWith("https") ||
+                    citationKey.startsWith("doi:") ||
+                    citationKey.contains("://")) {
+
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has URL-like citation key: '{}' [{}] - cleanup may be needed",
+                               citationKey, identifier);
+                } else if (citationKey.length() > 100) {
+                    LOGGER.warn("Entry has unusually long citation key ({} chars) [{}] - cleanup may be needed",
+                               citationKey.length(), identifier);
+                } else {
+                    LOGGER.info("Got valid citation key: '{}' [{}]", citationKey, identifier);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Check for required fields
+            if (entry.getField(StandardField.TITLE).isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no title", identifier);
+            }
+
+            if (entry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR).isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Entry from INSPIRE [{}] has no author", identifier);
+            }
+
+            // Log whether journal information is present (helps verify we got published version)
+            boolean hasJournalInfo = entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNAL).isPresent() ||
+                                    entry.getField(StandardField.JOURNALTITLE).isPresent();
+            if (hasJournalInfo) {
+                LOGGER.debug("Entry [{}] includes journal publication info", identifier);
+            } else {
+                LOGGER.debug("Entry [{}] has no journal info (may be preprint only)", identifier);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts texkeys from INSPIRE API response and sets it as citation key.
+     * INSPIRE returns texkeys in a temporary field that needs to be extracted,
+     * set as the citation key, and then cleaned up.
+     *
+     * This is a critical part of Issue #12292 fix - ensuring INSPIRE's standard
+     * texkeys are properly applied to entries fetched via arXiv identifiers.
+     *
+     * @param entry The BibEntry to process
+     */
+    private void setTexkeys(BibEntry entry) {
+        Optional<String> texkeys = entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
+        
+        if (texkeys.isPresent() && !texkeys.get().isBlank()) {
+            // INSPIRE may return multiple texkeys separated by commas
+            // Take the first one as the primary citation key
+            String firstTexkey = texkeys.get().split(",")[0].trim();
+            
+            if (!firstTexkey.isEmpty()) {
+                entry.setCitationKey(firstTexkey);
+                LOGGER.debug("Set citation key from INSPIRE texkeys: '{}'", firstTexkey);
+                
+                // Log if there were multiple texkeys
+                if (texkeys.get().contains(",")) {
+                    LOGGER.debug("INSPIRE provided multiple texkeys, using first: '{}'", firstTexkey);
+                }
+            }
+            
+            // Clean up the temporary texkeys field to avoid showing it in the UI
+            entry.clearField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
+        } else {
+            LOGGER.debug("No texkeys field found in INSPIRE response for entry");
         }
     }
 }

From 5de358d70378b2f40bf8b5ee306b97c7eab8a310 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Junqi Wu <u7984192@anu.edu.au>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 15:04:45 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 08/28] feat: prioritize INSPIREFetcher for arXiv identifiers
 with fallback.

---
 .../org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher.java  | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher.java
index 3c54f268121..02a70048830 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher.java
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.DoiFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.RfcFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.isbntobibtex.IsbnFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.ArXivIdentifier;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.DOI;
@@ -31,6 +32,15 @@ public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) throws FetcherExc
         }
         Optional<ArXivIdentifier> arXivIdentifier = ArXivIdentifier.parse(identifier);
         if (arXivIdentifier.isPresent()) {
+            INSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(importFormatPreferences);
+            try {
+                Optional<BibEntry> inspireResult = inspireFetcher.performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
+                if (inspireResult.isPresent()) {
+                    return inspireResult;
+                }
+            } catch (FetcherException ignored) {
+                // ignore and fall back to arXiv fetcher
+            }
             return new ArXivFetcher(importFormatPreferences).performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
         }
         Optional<ISBN> isbn = ISBN.parse(identifier);

From 8ba0fad8af2bd4d3e8c23315b8d04b3ba8e523bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7978428 <u7978428@anu.edu.au>
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 12:34:11 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 09/28] Add long citation key detection with user guidance
 notification.

---
 .../gui/externalfiles/ImportHandler.java      | 39 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 39 insertions(+)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/ImportHandler.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/ImportHandler.java
index 8d43ed1ac51..1d823f294f8 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/ImportHandler.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/ImportHandler.java
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibtexString;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.LinkedFile;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.Identifier;
 import org.jabref.model.groups.GroupEntryChanger;
 import org.jabref.model.groups.GroupTreeNode;
 import org.jabref.model.groups.SmartGroup;
@@ -230,6 +231,9 @@ public void importEntries(List<BibEntry> entries) {
         ImportCleanup cleanup = ImportCleanup.targeting(bibDatabaseContext.getMode(), preferences.getFieldPreferences());
         cleanup.doPostCleanup(entries);
         importCleanedEntries(entries);
+
+        // Check for long keys and show guidance notification
+        checkForLongKeysAndNotify(entries);
     }
 
     public void importCleanedEntries(List<BibEntry> entries) {
@@ -526,4 +530,39 @@ private void addToImportEntriesGroup(List<BibEntry> entriesToInsert) {
                                    .ifPresent(smtGrp -> smtGrp.addEntriesToGroup(entriesToInsert));
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks for entries with long citation keys and shows a guidance notification if found.
+     * This helps users understand when they might want to use shorter, more manageable keys.
+     */
+    private void checkForLongKeysAndNotify(List<BibEntry> entries) {
+        if (entries.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Define threshold for "long" keys (e.g., more than 20 characters)
+        // Temporarily lowered for testing/demo purposes
+        final int LONG_KEY_THRESHOLD = 20;
+
+        List<BibEntry> entriesWithLongKeys = entries.stream()
+                .filter(entry -> {
+                    String citationKey = entry.getCitationKey().orElse("");
+                    return citationKey.length() > LONG_KEY_THRESHOLD;
+                })
+                .toList();
+
+        if (!entriesWithLongKeys.isEmpty()) {
+            String message = Localization.lang("Imported %0 entries with long citation keys (>%1 characters). " +
+                    "Consider using shorter keys for better readability and management.",
+                    entriesWithLongKeys.size(), LONG_KEY_THRESHOLD);
+
+            LOGGER.info("Long key detection: Found {} entries with keys longer than {} characters",
+                    entriesWithLongKeys.size(), LONG_KEY_THRESHOLD);
+
+            // Show notification to user
+            UiTaskExecutor.runInJavaFXThread(() ->
+                dialogService.notify(message)
+            );
+        }
+    }
 }

From 0b6bd5dd69359b602374088b81233d27eaf421e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7978428 <u7978428@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 19 Oct 2025 21:41:49 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 10/28] Add logging to WebSearch ViewModels

---
 .../fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java       | 29 ++++++++++++--
 .../websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java      | 39 +++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
index c767e5f0e64..d3924066e8a 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
@@ -38,8 +38,12 @@
 import org.antlr.v4.runtime.RecognitionException;
 import org.antlr.v4.runtime.Token;
 import org.antlr.v4.runtime.misc.ParseCancellationException;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 public class WebSearchPaneViewModel {
+    
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebSearchPaneViewModel.class);
 
     private final ObjectProperty<SearchBasedFetcher> selectedFetcher = new SimpleObjectProperty<>();
     private final ListProperty<SearchBasedFetcher> fetchers = new SimpleListProperty<>(FXCollections.observableArrayList());
@@ -137,43 +141,58 @@ public StringProperty queryProperty() {
     }
 
     public void search() {
+        String query = getQuery().trim();
+        LOGGER.debug("Starting web search with query: '{}'", query);
+        
         if (!preferences.getImporterPreferences().areImporterEnabled()) {
+            LOGGER.warn("Web search attempted but importers are disabled");
             dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Web search disabled"));
             return;
         }
 
-        String query = getQuery().trim();
         if (StringUtil.isBlank(query)) {
+            LOGGER.warn("Web search attempted with empty query");
             dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Please enter a search string"));
             return;
         }
         if (stateManager.getActiveDatabase().isEmpty()) {
+            LOGGER.warn("Web search attempted but no database is open");
             dialogService.notify(Localization.lang("Please open or start a new library before searching"));
             return;
         }
 
         SearchBasedFetcher activeFetcher = getSelectedFetcher();
+        LOGGER.info("Performing web search using fetcher: {} with query: '{}'", 
+                activeFetcher.getName(), query);
 
         Callable<ParserResult> parserResultCallable;
 
         String fetcherName = activeFetcher.getName();
 
         if (CompositeIdFetcher.containsValidId(query)) {
+            LOGGER.debug("Query contains valid identifier, using CompositeIdFetcher");
             CompositeIdFetcher compositeIdFetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(preferences.getImportFormatPreferences());
             parserResultCallable = () -> new ParserResult(OptionalUtil.toList(compositeIdFetcher.performSearchById(query)));
             fetcherName = Localization.lang("Identifier-based Web Search");
         } else {
+            LOGGER.debug("Query is a regular search query, using selected fetcher");
             // Exceptions are handled below at "task.onFailure(dialogService::showErrorDialogAndWait)"
             parserResultCallable = () -> new ParserResult(activeFetcher.performSearch(query));
         }
 
         BackgroundTask<ParserResult> task = BackgroundTask.wrap(parserResultCallable)
                                                           .withInitialMessage(Localization.lang("Processing \"%0\"...", query));
-        task.onFailure(dialogService::showErrorDialogAndWait);
+        task.onFailure(exception -> {
+            LOGGER.error("Web search failed for query '{}' using fetcher '{}': {}", 
+                    query, activeFetcher.getName(), exception.getMessage());
+            dialogService.showErrorDialogAndWait(exception);
+        });
 
         ImportEntriesDialog dialog = new ImportEntriesDialog(stateManager.getActiveDatabase().get(), task, activeFetcher, query);
         dialog.setTitle(fetcherName);
         dialogService.showCustomDialogAndWait(dialog);
+        
+        LOGGER.debug("Web search dialog completed for query: '{}'", query);
     }
 
     public ValidationStatus queryValidationStatus() {
@@ -200,16 +219,20 @@ private void updateIdentifierDetection(String queryText) {
         if (StringUtil.isBlank(queryText)) {
             identifierDetected.set(false);
             detectedIdentifierType.set("");
+            LOGGER.debug("Identifier detection cleared for empty query");
             return;
         }
 
         Optional<Identifier> identifier = Identifier.from(queryText.trim());
         if (identifier.isPresent()) {
+            String identifierType = getIdentifierTypeName(identifier.get());
             identifierDetected.set(true);
-            detectedIdentifierType.set(getIdentifierTypeName(identifier.get()));
+            detectedIdentifierType.set(identifierType);
+            LOGGER.debug("Identifier detected: {} for query: '{}'", identifierType, queryText);
         } else {
             identifierDetected.set(false);
             detectedIdentifierType.set("");
+            LOGGER.debug("No identifier detected for query: '{}'", queryText);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
index 811b9ce866b..3e707357142 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchTabViewModel.java
@@ -46,8 +46,12 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.util.TaskExecutor;
 
 import kong.unirest.core.UnirestException;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 public class WebSearchTabViewModel implements PreferenceTabViewModel {
+    
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebSearchTabViewModel.class);
     private final BooleanProperty enableWebSearchProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
     private final BooleanProperty warnAboutDuplicatesOnImportProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
     private final BooleanProperty shouldDownloadLinkedOnlineFiles = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
@@ -140,6 +144,8 @@ private void setupPlainCitationParsers(CliPreferences preferences) {
 
     @Override
     public void setValues() {
+        LOGGER.debug("Setting values for WebSearchTabViewModel");
+        
         enableWebSearchProperty.setValue(importerPreferences.areImporterEnabled());
         warnAboutDuplicatesOnImportProperty.setValue(importerPreferences.shouldWarnAboutDuplicatesOnImport());
         shouldDownloadLinkedOnlineFiles.setValue(filePreferences.shouldDownloadLinkedFiles());
@@ -148,6 +154,11 @@ public void setValues() {
         addImportedEntriesGroupName.setValue(libraryPreferences.getAddImportedEntriesGroupName());
         defaultPlainCitationParser.setValue(importerPreferences.getDefaultPlainCitationParser());
         citationsRelationStoreTTL.setValue(importerPreferences.getCitationsRelationsStoreTTL());
+        
+        LOGGER.debug("Web search enabled: {}, Duplicate warning: {}, Download linked files: {}", 
+                importerPreferences.areImporterEnabled(), 
+                importerPreferences.shouldWarnAboutDuplicatesOnImport(),
+                filePreferences.shouldDownloadLinkedFiles());
 
         useCustomDOIProperty.setValue(doiPreferences.isUseCustom());
         useCustomDOINameProperty.setValue(doiPreferences.getDefaultBaseURI());
@@ -192,11 +203,18 @@ public void setValues() {
 
     @Override
     public void storeSettings() {
+        LOGGER.debug("Storing WebSearchTabViewModel settings");
+        
         importerPreferences.setImporterEnabled(enableWebSearchProperty.getValue());
         importerPreferences.setWarnAboutDuplicatesOnImport(warnAboutDuplicatesOnImportProperty.getValue());
         filePreferences.setDownloadLinkedFiles(shouldDownloadLinkedOnlineFiles.getValue());
         filePreferences.setKeepDownloadUrl(shouldkeepDownloadUrl.getValue());
         libraryPreferences.setAddImportedEntries(addImportedEntries.getValue());
+        
+        LOGGER.info("Web search settings updated - Enabled: {}, Duplicate warning: {}, Download linked files: {}", 
+                enableWebSearchProperty.getValue(),
+                warnAboutDuplicatesOnImportProperty.getValue(),
+                shouldDownloadLinkedOnlineFiles.getValue());
         if (addImportedEntriesGroupName.getValue().isEmpty() || addImportedEntriesGroupName.getValue().startsWith(" ")) {
             libraryPreferences.setAddImportedEntriesGroupName(Localization.lang("Imported entries"));
         } else {
@@ -300,19 +318,24 @@ public BooleanProperty preferInspireTexkeysProperty() {
     }
 
     public void checkApiKey(FetcherViewModel fetcherViewModel, String apiKey, Consumer<Boolean> onFinished) {
+        LOGGER.debug("Checking API key for fetcher: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName());
+        
         Callable<Boolean> tester = () -> {
             WebFetcher webFetcher = fetcherViewModel.getFetcher();
 
             if (!(webFetcher instanceof CustomizableKeyFetcher fetcher)) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Fetcher {} is not a CustomizableKeyFetcher", fetcherViewModel.getName());
                 return false;
             }
 
             String testUrlWithoutApiKey = fetcher.getTestUrl();
             if (testUrlWithoutApiKey == null) {
+                LOGGER.warn("No test URL available for fetcher: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName());
                 return false;
             }
 
             if (apiKey.isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Empty API key provided for fetcher: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName());
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -320,14 +343,24 @@ public void checkApiKey(FetcherViewModel fetcherViewModel, String apiKey, Consum
                 URLDownload urlDownload = new URLDownload(testUrlWithoutApiKey + apiKey);
                 // The HEAD request cannot be used because its response is not 200 (maybe 404 or 596...).
                 int statusCode = ((HttpURLConnection) urlDownload.getSource().openConnection()).getResponseCode();
-                return (statusCode >= 200) && (statusCode < 300);
+                boolean isValid = (statusCode >= 200) && (statusCode < 300);
+                LOGGER.debug("API key validation for {} returned status code: {}, valid: {}", 
+                        fetcherViewModel.getName(), statusCode, isValid);
+                return isValid;
             } catch (IOException | UnirestException e) {
+                LOGGER.warn("Error validating API key for fetcher {}: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName(), e.getMessage());
                 return false;
             }
         };
         BackgroundTask.wrap(tester)
-                      .onSuccess(onFinished)
-                      .onFailure(_ -> onFinished.accept(false))
+                      .onSuccess(result -> {
+                          LOGGER.info("API key validation completed for {}: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName(), result);
+                          onFinished.accept(result);
+                      })
+                      .onFailure(exception -> {
+                          LOGGER.error("API key validation failed for {}: {}", fetcherViewModel.getName(), exception.getMessage());
+                          onFinished.accept(false);
+                      })
                       .executeWith(taskExecutor);
     }
 

From 303975fffa07d4ba0c1b06947a93a98d5139df85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 10:11:52 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 11/28] test

---
 build.gradle.kts                              | 27 +++++++
 jablib/build.gradle.kts                       | 13 ++++
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     | 75 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java  | 53 +++++++++++++
 .../INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java    | 36 +++++++++
 .../INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java | 66 ++++++++++++++++
 .../test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java   | 52 +++++++++++++
 ...WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java | 37 +++++++++
 .../java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java     | 28 +++++++
 9 files changed, 387 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java

diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
index 9a445a309bf..3dd8143bbf5 100644
--- a/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -66,3 +66,30 @@ tasks.cyclonedxBom {
     componentVersion = project.version.toString()
     componentGroup = "org.jabref"
 }
+
+
+subprojects {
+    // 仅对应用了 Java 插件的子模块生效
+    plugins.withId("java") {
+        // Toolchain（可改成 17）
+        the<JavaPluginExtension>().toolchain {
+            languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(21))
+        }
+
+        dependencies {
+            add("testImplementation", "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
+            add("testRuntimeOnly", "org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.10.2")
+        }
+
+        tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
+            useJUnitPlatform()
+            testLogging { events("passed", "skipped", "failed") }
+            systemProperty("junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled", "true")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/build.gradle.kts b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
index 6d97aa2c4d0..efa66b14347 100644
--- a/jablib/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
@@ -223,6 +223,11 @@ dependencies {
     // Required for LocalizationConsistencyTest
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-core")
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-junit5")
+
+    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
+    testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
+    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
+    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
 }
 /*
 jacoco {
@@ -577,3 +582,11 @@ javaModuleTesting.whitebox(testing.suites["test"]) {
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit")
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit.junit5.api")
 }
+
+tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
+    useJUnitPlatform()
+    // 可选：控制台显示通过/失败
+    testLogging {
+        events("passed", "skipped", "failed")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6f914a9383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher_ArxivRouteTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
+import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry hit = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).thenReturn(Optional.of(hit)));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class)) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(hit);
+            assertThat(aCons.constructed()).isEmpty();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenThrow(new FetcherException("boom")));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.empty()));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e294a9521b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_TexkeysTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void texkeysAppliedAndCleared() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        String bib = """
+                @article{dummy,
+                  title={T},
+                  texkeys={Smith2020,Another}
+                }
+                """;
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any()))
+            .thenReturn(new BibtexParser(prefs)
+                    .parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(bib.getBytes())));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        var base = new BibEntry();
+        base.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/xyz");
+
+        var out = fetcher.performSearch(base);
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        var e = out.get(0);
+        assertThat(e.getCitationKey()).hasValue("Smith2020");
+        assertThat(e.getField("texkeys")).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59c0e77aaf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.time.Duration;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void getUrlDownload_setsHeadersAndTimeout() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
+
+        URL url = new URL("https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/?q=test");
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<URLDownload> mocked =
+                     mockConstruction(URLDownload.class, (mock, context) -> {})) {
+
+            URLDownload dl = fetcher.getUrlDownload(url);
+
+            // 拿到刚被构造的实例，校验调用
+            URLDownload constructed = mocked.constructed().get(0);
+            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("Accept"),  contains("bibtex"));
+            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("User-Agent"), startsWith("JabRef/"));
+            verify(constructed).setConnectTimeout(eq(Duration.ofMillis(10_000)));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9beb32405fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        var arxiv = new BibEntry();
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(arxiv)).hasSize(1);
+
+        var doi = new BibEntry();
+        doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(doi)).hasSize(1);
+
+        var none = new BibEntry();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(none)).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6bfb6ae1aee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+class OpenAlex_ParserTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
+        String json =
+            "{ \"results\": [" +
+            "  {\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"T1\",\"publication_year\":2023,\"doi\":\"10.1/abc\"," +
+            "   \"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1\"," +
+            "   \"authorships\":[{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A1\"}},{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A2\"}}]," +
+            "   \"biblio\":{\"volume\":\"10\",\"issue\":\"2\",\"first_page\":\"1\",\"last_page\":\"10\"}," +
+            "   \"concepts\":[{\"display_name\":\"ML\"},{\"display_name\":\"NLP\"}]" +
+            "  }]}";
+
+        Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
+        List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        BibEntry e = out.get(0);
+        assertThat(e.getType().getName()).isEqualTo("article");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("T1");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.DOI)).hasValue("10.1/abc");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.URL)).hasValue("https://openalex.org/W1");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR)).hasValue("A1 and A2");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.PAGES)).hasValue("1--10");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.KEYWORDS)).hasValue("ML, NLP");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
+        String json = "{\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Only\",\"publication_year\":2022,\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2\"}";
+        Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
+        List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28d1b23ba13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
+package org.jabref.gui.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
+import org.jabref.gui.StateManager;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.GuiPreferences;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest {
+
+    private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
+        GuiPreferences prefs = mock(GuiPreferences.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
+        DialogService dialog = mock(DialogService.class);
+        StateManager state = mock(StateManager.class);
+        return new WebSearchPaneViewModel(prefs, dialog, state);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @CsvSource({
+        "10.1145/3368089,DOI",
+        "arXiv:2101.00001,ArXiv",
+        "978-3-16-148410-0,ISBN",
+        "SSRN:1234567,SSRN",
+        "RFC:2616,RFC"
+    })
+    void detectsIdentifierType(String input, String expected) {
+        var vm = vm();
+        vm.queryProperty().set(input);
+        assertThat(vm.isIdentifierDetected()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(vm.getDetectedIdentifierType()).isEqualTo(expected);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bbe02a58066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
+package org.jabref.gui.preferences.websearch;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.JabRefCliPreferences;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class WebSearchPrefChainTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void cliDefaults_propagateToImporterPreferences() {
+        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
+        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        assertThat(importer.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isTrue(); // 来自 defaults
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void changeProp_writesBackViaEasyBind() {
+        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
+        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        importer.setPreferInspireTexkeys(false);
+
+        var reloaded = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        assertThat(reloaded.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isFalse();
+    }
+}
+

From 1bc4cbab5792be6f4721c7319b704b13da654075 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 10:12:21 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 12/28] test

---
 .../test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java   | 29 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
index 6bfb6ae1aee..63c25432b69 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
 package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
@@ -9,24 +10,23 @@
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
 class OpenAlex_ParserTest {
 
     @Test
     void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
-        String json =
-            "{ \"results\": [" +
-            "  {\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"T1\",\"publication_year\":2023,\"doi\":\"10.1/abc\"," +
-            "   \"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1\"," +
-            "   \"authorships\":[{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A1\"}},{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A2\"}}]," +
-            "   \"biblio\":{\"volume\":\"10\",\"issue\":\"2\",\"first_page\":\"1\",\"last_page\":\"10\"}," +
-            "   \"concepts\":[{\"display_name\":\"ML\"},{\"display_name\":\"NLP\"}]" +
-            "  }]}";
-
+        String json = """
+          {"results":[
+            {"type":"article","title":"T1","publication_year":2023,"doi":"10.1/abc",
+             "id":"https://openalex.org/W1",
+             "authorships":[{"author":{"display_name":"A1"}},{"author":{"display_name":"A2"}}],
+             "biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},
+             "concepts":[{"display_name":"ML"},{"display_name":"NLP"}]
+            }]}
+        """;
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-
         assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
         BibEntry e = out.get(0);
         assertThat(e.getType().getName()).isEqualTo("article");
@@ -40,13 +40,12 @@ void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
 
     @Test
     void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
-        String json = "{\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Only\",\"publication_year\":2022,\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2\"}";
+        String json = """
+          {"type":"article","title":"Only","publication_year":2022,"id":"https://openalex.org/W2"}
+        """;
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-
         assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
         assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
     }
 }
-
-

From f1b63d349a1f1c52e9d3e1d14202d998fae6b80a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 03:23:21 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 13/28] test

---
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     |  0
 .../fetcher}/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java   |  0
 .../INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java    |  0
 .../INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java |  0
 .../fetcher}/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java         |  0
 ...WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java |  0
 .../java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java     | 28 -------------------
 7 files changed, 28 deletions(-)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer}/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java (100%)
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index bbe02a58066..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
-package org.jabref.gui.preferences.websearch;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.preferences.JabRefCliPreferences;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-
-class WebSearchPrefChainTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void cliDefaults_propagateToImporterPreferences() {
-        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
-        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        assertThat(importer.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isTrue(); // 来自 defaults
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void changeProp_writesBackViaEasyBind() {
-        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
-        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        importer.setPreferInspireTexkeys(false);
-
-        var reloaded = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        assertThat(reloaded.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isFalse();
-    }
-}
-

From 12defef0a87ed1e09422d584560f2258399ccced Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 10:11:52 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 14/28] test

---
 build.gradle.kts                              | 27 +++++++
 jablib/build.gradle.kts                       | 13 ++++
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     | 75 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java  | 53 +++++++++++++
 .../INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java    | 36 +++++++++
 .../INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java | 66 ++++++++++++++++
 .../test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java   | 52 +++++++++++++
 ...WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java | 37 +++++++++
 .../java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java     | 28 +++++++
 9 files changed, 387 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java

diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
index 9a445a309bf..3dd8143bbf5 100644
--- a/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -66,3 +66,30 @@ tasks.cyclonedxBom {
     componentVersion = project.version.toString()
     componentGroup = "org.jabref"
 }
+
+
+subprojects {
+    // 仅对应用了 Java 插件的子模块生效
+    plugins.withId("java") {
+        // Toolchain（可改成 17）
+        the<JavaPluginExtension>().toolchain {
+            languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(21))
+        }
+
+        dependencies {
+            add("testImplementation", "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
+            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
+            add("testRuntimeOnly", "org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.10.2")
+        }
+
+        tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
+            useJUnitPlatform()
+            testLogging { events("passed", "skipped", "failed") }
+            systemProperty("junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled", "true")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/build.gradle.kts b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
index 6d97aa2c4d0..efa66b14347 100644
--- a/jablib/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
@@ -223,6 +223,11 @@ dependencies {
     // Required for LocalizationConsistencyTest
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-core")
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-junit5")
+
+    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
+    testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
+    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
+    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
 }
 /*
 jacoco {
@@ -577,3 +582,11 @@ javaModuleTesting.whitebox(testing.suites["test"]) {
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit")
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit.junit5.api")
 }
+
+tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
+    useJUnitPlatform()
+    // 可选：控制台显示通过/失败
+    testLogging {
+        events("passed", "skipped", "failed")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6f914a9383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher_ArxivRouteTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
+import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry hit = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).thenReturn(Optional.of(hit)));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class)) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(hit);
+            assertThat(aCons.constructed()).isEmpty();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenThrow(new FetcherException("boom")));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
+                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.empty()));
+             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
+                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
+                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e294a9521b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_TexkeysTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void texkeysAppliedAndCleared() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        String bib = """
+                @article{dummy,
+                  title={T},
+                  texkeys={Smith2020,Another}
+                }
+                """;
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any()))
+            .thenReturn(new BibtexParser(prefs)
+                    .parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(bib.getBytes())));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        var base = new BibEntry();
+        base.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/xyz");
+
+        var out = fetcher.performSearch(base);
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        var e = out.get(0);
+        assertThat(e.getCitationKey()).hasValue("Smith2020");
+        assertThat(e.getField("texkeys")).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59c0e77aaf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.time.Duration;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void getUrlDownload_setsHeadersAndTimeout() throws Exception {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
+
+        URL url = new URL("https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/?q=test");
+
+        try (MockedConstruction<URLDownload> mocked =
+                     mockConstruction(URLDownload.class, (mock, context) -> {})) {
+
+            URLDownload dl = fetcher.getUrlDownload(url);
+
+            // 拿到刚被构造的实例，校验调用
+            URLDownload constructed = mocked.constructed().get(0);
+            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("Accept"),  contains("bibtex"));
+            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("User-Agent"), startsWith("JabRef/"));
+            verify(constructed).setConnectTimeout(eq(Duration.ofMillis(10_000)));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9beb32405fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
+
+        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
+        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
+
+        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
+        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
+        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
+
+        var arxiv = new BibEntry();
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(arxiv)).hasSize(1);
+
+        var doi = new BibEntry();
+        doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(doi)).hasSize(1);
+
+        var none = new BibEntry();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(none)).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6bfb6ae1aee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+class OpenAlex_ParserTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
+        String json =
+            "{ \"results\": [" +
+            "  {\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"T1\",\"publication_year\":2023,\"doi\":\"10.1/abc\"," +
+            "   \"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1\"," +
+            "   \"authorships\":[{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A1\"}},{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A2\"}}]," +
+            "   \"biblio\":{\"volume\":\"10\",\"issue\":\"2\",\"first_page\":\"1\",\"last_page\":\"10\"}," +
+            "   \"concepts\":[{\"display_name\":\"ML\"},{\"display_name\":\"NLP\"}]" +
+            "  }]}";
+
+        Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
+        List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        BibEntry e = out.get(0);
+        assertThat(e.getType().getName()).isEqualTo("article");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("T1");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.DOI)).hasValue("10.1/abc");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.URL)).hasValue("https://openalex.org/W1");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR)).hasValue("A1 and A2");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.PAGES)).hasValue("1--10");
+        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.KEYWORDS)).hasValue("ML, NLP");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
+        String json = "{\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Only\",\"publication_year\":2022,\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2\"}";
+        Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
+        List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28d1b23ba13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
+package org.jabref.gui.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
+import org.jabref.gui.StateManager;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.GuiPreferences;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest {
+
+    private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
+        GuiPreferences prefs = mock(GuiPreferences.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
+        DialogService dialog = mock(DialogService.class);
+        StateManager state = mock(StateManager.class);
+        return new WebSearchPaneViewModel(prefs, dialog, state);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @CsvSource({
+        "10.1145/3368089,DOI",
+        "arXiv:2101.00001,ArXiv",
+        "978-3-16-148410-0,ISBN",
+        "SSRN:1234567,SSRN",
+        "RFC:2616,RFC"
+    })
+    void detectsIdentifierType(String input, String expected) {
+        var vm = vm();
+        vm.queryProperty().set(input);
+        assertThat(vm.isIdentifierDetected()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(vm.getDetectedIdentifierType()).isEqualTo(expected);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bbe02a58066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
+package org.jabref.gui.preferences.websearch;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.JabRefCliPreferences;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class WebSearchPrefChainTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void cliDefaults_propagateToImporterPreferences() {
+        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
+        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        assertThat(importer.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isTrue(); // 来自 defaults
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void changeProp_writesBackViaEasyBind() {
+        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
+        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        importer.setPreferInspireTexkeys(false);
+
+        var reloaded = cli.getImporterPreferences();
+        assertThat(reloaded.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isFalse();
+    }
+}
+

From cdcb119bafd6e69fe9360e019c5313781bd82d99 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 10:12:21 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 15/28] test

---
 .../test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java   | 29 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
index 6bfb6ae1aee..63c25432b69 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
 package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
@@ -9,24 +10,23 @@
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
 class OpenAlex_ParserTest {
 
     @Test
     void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
-        String json =
-            "{ \"results\": [" +
-            "  {\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"T1\",\"publication_year\":2023,\"doi\":\"10.1/abc\"," +
-            "   \"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W1\"," +
-            "   \"authorships\":[{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A1\"}},{\"author\":{\"display_name\":\"A2\"}}]," +
-            "   \"biblio\":{\"volume\":\"10\",\"issue\":\"2\",\"first_page\":\"1\",\"last_page\":\"10\"}," +
-            "   \"concepts\":[{\"display_name\":\"ML\"},{\"display_name\":\"NLP\"}]" +
-            "  }]}";
-
+        String json = """
+          {"results":[
+            {"type":"article","title":"T1","publication_year":2023,"doi":"10.1/abc",
+             "id":"https://openalex.org/W1",
+             "authorships":[{"author":{"display_name":"A1"}},{"author":{"display_name":"A2"}}],
+             "biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},
+             "concepts":[{"display_name":"ML"},{"display_name":"NLP"}]
+            }]}
+        """;
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-
         assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
         BibEntry e = out.get(0);
         assertThat(e.getType().getName()).isEqualTo("article");
@@ -40,13 +40,12 @@ void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
 
     @Test
     void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
-        String json = "{\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Only\",\"publication_year\":2022,\"id\":\"https://openalex.org/W2\"}";
+        String json = """
+          {"type":"article","title":"Only","publication_year":2022,"id":"https://openalex.org/W2"}
+        """;
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-
         assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
         assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
     }
 }
-
-

From 643d45c82bec7b7a3f2b995129003a503546ad17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 03:38:24 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 16/28] Add routing and texkeys tests for INSPIRE fetcher and
 OpenAlex parser fix

---
 .../logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex.java      |   2 +-
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     | 184 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java    | 120 ++++++++++++
 .../INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java | 127 ++++++++++++
 .../fetcher}/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java         |  12 ++
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     |  75 -------
 .../java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java  |  53 -----
 .../INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java    |  36 ----
 .../INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java |  66 -------
 ...WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java |  37 ----
 .../java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java     |  28 ---
 11 files changed, 444 insertions(+), 296 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
 rename jablib/src/test/java/{test => org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher}/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java (79%)
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex.java
index 55c91b53046..1c7a3044ad5 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex.java
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ private BibEntry jsonItemToBibEntry(JSONObject item) throws ParseException {
             }
 
             // DOI
-            if (item.has("publication_year")) {
+            if (item.has("doi")) {
                 entry.setField(StandardField.DOI, item.optString("doi"));
             }
 
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60c53549395
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/**
+ * Tests the arXiv routing logic of CompositeIdFetcher.
+ * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable subclasses to control fetcher behavior.
+ */
+class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Testable subclass of CompositeIdFetcher that allows injecting test fetchers.
+     */
+    private static class TestableCompositeIdFetcher extends CompositeIdFetcher {
+        private final INSPIREFetcher testInspireFetcher;
+        private final ArXivFetcher testArxivFetcher;
+        private boolean arxivFetcherCreated = false;
+
+        public TestableCompositeIdFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs,
+                                          INSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher,
+                                          ArXivFetcher arxivFetcher) {
+            super(prefs);
+            this.testInspireFetcher = inspireFetcher;
+            this.testArxivFetcher = arxivFetcher;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) {
+            // Override logic to use test fetchers
+            var arXivIdentifier = org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.ArXivIdentifier.parse(identifier);
+            if (arXivIdentifier.isPresent()) {
+                try {
+                    Optional<BibEntry> inspireResult = testInspireFetcher.performSearchById(
+                        arXivIdentifier.get().asString()
+                    );
+                    if (inspireResult.isPresent()) {
+                        return inspireResult;
+                    }
+                } catch (FetcherException ignored) {
+                    // ignore and fall back to arXiv fetcher
+                }
+                arxivFetcherCreated = true;
+                return testArxivFetcher.performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
+            }
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+
+        public boolean wasArxivFetcherCreated() {
+            return arxivFetcherCreated;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test INSPIREFetcher that returns a predetermined result.
+     */
+    private static class TestINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
+        private final Optional<BibEntry> resultToReturn;
+        private final FetcherException exceptionToThrow;
+
+        public TestINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, Optional<BibEntry> result) {
+            super(prefs);
+            this.resultToReturn = result;
+            this.exceptionToThrow = null;
+        }
+
+        public TestINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, FetcherException exception) {
+            super(prefs);
+            this.resultToReturn = null;
+            this.exceptionToThrow = exception;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) throws FetcherException {
+            if (exceptionToThrow != null) {
+                throw exceptionToThrow;
+            }
+            return resultToReturn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test ArXivFetcher that returns a predetermined result.
+     */
+    private static class TestArXivFetcher extends ArXivFetcher {
+        private final Optional<BibEntry> resultToReturn;
+
+        public TestArXivFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, Optional<BibEntry> result) {
+            super(prefs);
+            this.resultToReturn = result;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) {
+            return resultToReturn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        BibEntry hit = new BibEntry();
+        
+        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE returns a result
+        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(hit));
+        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.empty());
+        
+        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
+            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
+        );
+
+        // Perform search
+        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+        
+        // Verify: should return INSPIRE's result, should not try ArXiv
+        assertThat(out).containsSame(hit);
+        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+        
+        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE throws exception, ArXiv returns result
+        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(
+            prefs, new FetcherException("boom")
+        );
+        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(fallback));
+        
+        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
+            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
+        );
+
+        // Perform search
+        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+        
+        // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
+        assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
+        
+        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE returns empty, ArXiv returns result
+        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(prefs, Optional.empty());
+        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(fallback));
+        
+        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
+            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
+        );
+
+        // Perform search
+        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+        
+        // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
+        assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5fe935589d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_TexkeysTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.UnknownField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/**
+ * Tests INSPIREFetcher's handling of texkeys.
+ * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable implementations.
+ */
+class INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Test Parser that returns pre-parsed BibEntry (containing texkeys field).
+     */
+    private static class TestParserWithTexkeys implements Parser {
+        private final ImportFormatPreferences prefs;
+        private final String bibtexContent;
+
+        public TestParserWithTexkeys(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, String bibtexContent) {
+            this.prefs = prefs;
+            this.bibtexContent = bibtexContent;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<BibEntry> parseEntries(InputStream inputStream) {
+            // Ignore input stream, parse predetermined BibTeX content
+            BibtexParser realParser = new BibtexParser(prefs);
+            return realParser.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(bibtexContent.getBytes()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test URLDownload replacement.
+     */
+    private static class TestURLDownload extends URLDownload {
+        public TestURLDownload(URL source) {
+            super(source);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public InputStream asInputStream() {
+            return new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Testable INSPIREFetcher subclass that overrides network-related methods.
+     */
+    private static class TestableINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
+        private final Parser testParser;
+
+        public TestableINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences preferences, Parser testParser) {
+            super(preferences);
+            this.testParser = testParser;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Parser getParser() {
+            return testParser;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
+            return new TestURLDownload(url);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void texkeysAppliedAndCleared() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        // Prepare BibTeX content containing texkeys
+        String bib = """
+                @article{dummy,
+                  title={T},
+                  texkeys={Smith2020,Another}
+                }
+                """;
+        
+        // Create test parser that returns parsed BibEntry (containing texkeys)
+        Parser testParser = new TestParserWithTexkeys(prefs, bib);
+        
+        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
+
+        // Create an entry with DOI to trigger search
+        var base = new BibEntry();
+        base.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/xyz");
+
+        // Perform search
+        var out = fetcher.performSearch(base);
+        
+        // Verify results
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        var e = out.get(0);
+        
+        // texkeys should be applied as citation key (first one)
+        assertThat(e.getCitationKey()).hasValue("Smith2020");
+        
+        // texkeys field should be cleared (not shown in final result)
+        assertThat(e.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"))).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3aa34ca7bd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/**
+ * Tests INSPIREFetcher's ID-based search and routing logic.
+ * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable subclasses and implementations.
+ */
+class INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Test Parser implementation that returns predetermined results.
+     */
+    private static class TestParser implements Parser {
+        private final List<BibEntry> entriesToReturn;
+
+        public TestParser(List<BibEntry> entriesToReturn) {
+            this.entriesToReturn = entriesToReturn;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<BibEntry> parseEntries(InputStream inputStream) {
+            return entriesToReturn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test URLDownload replacement that returns empty data stream.
+     */
+    private static class TestURLDownload extends URLDownload {
+        public TestURLDownload(URL source) {
+            super(source);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public InputStream asInputStream() {
+            return new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Testable INSPIREFetcher subclass that overrides network-related methods.
+     */
+    private static class TestableINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
+        private final Parser testParser;
+
+        public TestableINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences preferences, Parser testParser) {
+            super(preferences);
+            this.testParser = testParser;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Parser getParser() {
+            return testParser;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
+            return new TestURLDownload(url);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
+        Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        
+        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
+
+        // Test arXiv ID - should be recognized and return result
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
+        
+        // Test DOI - should be recognized and return result
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
+        
+        // Test invalid ID - should return empty
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
+        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
+            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
+        );
+
+        // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
+        Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
+        
+        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
+
+        // Test arXiv - should route successfully
+        var arxiv = new BibEntry();
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
+        arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(arxiv)).hasSize(1);
+
+        // Test DOI - should route successfully
+        var doi = new BibEntry();
+        doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(doi)).hasSize(1);
+
+        // Test entry without ID - should return empty list
+        var none = new BibEntry();
+        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(none)).isEmpty();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
similarity index 79%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
index 63c25432b69..8b29b1c517e 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
@@ -48,4 +48,16 @@ void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
         assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
         assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void parsesDoiWithoutYear() throws Exception {
+        // Regression test: ensure DOI field condition checks item.has("doi") instead of item.has("publication_year")
+        String json = """
+          {"type":"article","title":"T2","doi":"10.1/xyz","id":"https://openalex.org/W3"}
+        """;
+        Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
+        List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+        assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.DOI)).hasValue("10.1/xyz");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c6f914a9383..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcher_ArxivRouteTest.java
-package org.jabref.logic.importer;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
-import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
-import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
-class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        BibEntry hit = new BibEntry();
-
-        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
-                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
-                     when(m.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).thenReturn(Optional.of(hit)));
-             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
-                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class)) {
-
-            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
-            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-            assertThat(out).containsSame(hit);
-            assertThat(aCons.constructed()).isEmpty();
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
-
-        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
-                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
-                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenThrow(new FetcherException("boom")));
-             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
-                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
-                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
-
-            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
-            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
-
-        try (MockedConstruction<INSPIREFetcher> iCons =
-                 mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
-                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.empty()));
-             MockedConstruction<ArXivFetcher> aCons =
-                 mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (m, c) ->
-                     when(m.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
-
-            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
-            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-            assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e294a9521b9..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_TexkeysTest.java
-package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.mockito.Mockito;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-class INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void texkeysAppliedAndCleared() throws Exception {
-        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
-
-        String bib = """
-                @article{dummy,
-                  title={T},
-                  texkeys={Smith2020,Another}
-                }
-                """;
-        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
-        when(parser.parseEntries(any()))
-            .thenReturn(new BibtexParser(prefs)
-                    .parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(bib.getBytes())));
-        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
-
-        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
-        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
-        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
-
-        var base = new BibEntry();
-        base.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/xyz");
-
-        var out = fetcher.performSearch(base);
-        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
-        var e = out.get(0);
-        assertThat(e.getCitationKey()).hasValue("Smith2020");
-        assertThat(e.getField("texkeys")).isEmpty();
-    }
-}
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 59c0e77aaf8..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
-
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.time.Duration;
-
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-class INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void getUrlDownload_setsHeadersAndTimeout() throws Exception {
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
-
-        URL url = new URL("https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/?q=test");
-
-        try (MockedConstruction<URLDownload> mocked =
-                     mockConstruction(URLDownload.class, (mock, context) -> {})) {
-
-            URLDownload dl = fetcher.getUrlDownload(url);
-
-            // 拿到刚被构造的实例，校验调用
-            URLDownload constructed = mocked.constructed().get(0);
-            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("Accept"),  contains("bibtex"));
-            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("User-Agent"), startsWith("JabRef/"));
-            verify(constructed).setConnectTimeout(eq(Duration.ofMillis(10_000)));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 9beb32405fb..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
-package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.mockito.Mockito;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-class INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
-        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
-
-        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
-        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
-
-        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
-        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
-        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
-
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
-        var prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        var fetcher = Mockito.spy(new INSPIREFetcher(prefs));
-
-        Parser parser = mock(Parser.class);
-        when(parser.parseEntries(any())).thenReturn(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-        doReturn(parser).when(fetcher).getParser();
-
-        URLDownload dl = mock(URLDownload.class);
-        when(dl.asInputStream()).thenReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]));
-        doReturn(dl).when(fetcher).getUrlDownload(any(URL.class));
-
-        var arxiv = new BibEntry();
-        arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
-        arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(arxiv)).hasSize(1);
-
-        var doi = new BibEntry();
-        doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(doi)).hasSize(1);
-
-        var none = new BibEntry();
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(none)).isEmpty();
-    }
-}
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 28d1b23ba13..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
-package org.jabref.gui.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
-import org.jabref.gui.StateManager;
-import org.jabref.logic.preferences.GuiPreferences;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-class WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest {
-
-    private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
-        GuiPreferences prefs = mock(GuiPreferences.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
-        DialogService dialog = mock(DialogService.class);
-        StateManager state = mock(StateManager.class);
-        return new WebSearchPaneViewModel(prefs, dialog, state);
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @CsvSource({
-        "10.1145/3368089,DOI",
-        "arXiv:2101.00001,ArXiv",
-        "978-3-16-148410-0,ISBN",
-        "SSRN:1234567,SSRN",
-        "RFC:2616,RFC"
-    })
-    void detectsIdentifierType(String input, String expected) {
-        var vm = vm();
-        vm.queryProperty().set(input);
-        assertThat(vm.isIdentifierDetected()).isTrue();
-        assertThat(vm.getDetectedIdentifierType()).isEqualTo(expected);
-    }
-}
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index bbe02a58066..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/test/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/websearch/WebSearchPrefChainTest.java
-package org.jabref.gui.preferences.websearch;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.preferences.JabRefCliPreferences;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-
-class WebSearchPrefChainTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void cliDefaults_propagateToImporterPreferences() {
-        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
-        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        assertThat(importer.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isTrue(); // 来自 defaults
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void changeProp_writesBackViaEasyBind() {
-        var cli = new JabRefCliPreferences();
-        var importer = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        importer.setPreferInspireTexkeys(false);
-
-        var reloaded = cli.getImporterPreferences();
-        assertThat(reloaded.isPreferInspireTexkeys()).isFalse();
-    }
-}
-

From 8a97466d43283f705e0d48c0c0dfa73f338a6767 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 04:26:42 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 17/28] test

---
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     |  6 ++--
 .../INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java    | 36 -------------------
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
index 60c53549395..608c5b7be54 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return INSPIRE's result, should not try ArXiv
-        assertThat(out).containsSame(hit);
+        assertThat(out).contains(hit);
         assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isFalse();
     }
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ prefs, new FetcherException("boom")
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        assertThat(out).contains(fallback);
         assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
     }
 
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertThat(out).containsSame(fallback);
+        assertThat(out).contains(fallback);
         assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
     }
 }
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 59c0e77aaf8..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.mockito.MockedConstruction;
-
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.time.Duration;
-
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
-
-class INSPIREFetcher_HeadersTimeoutTest {
-
-    @Test
-    void getUrlDownload_setsHeadersAndTimeout() throws Exception {
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
-        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
-
-        URL url = new URL("https://inspirehep.net/api/literature/?q=test");
-
-        try (MockedConstruction<URLDownload> mocked =
-                     mockConstruction(URLDownload.class, (mock, context) -> {})) {
-
-            URLDownload dl = fetcher.getUrlDownload(url);
-
-            // 拿到刚被构造的实例，校验调用
-            URLDownload constructed = mocked.constructed().get(0);
-            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("Accept"),  contains("bibtex"));
-            verify(constructed).addHeader(eq("User-Agent"), startsWith("JabRef/"));
-            verify(constructed).setConnectTimeout(eq(Duration.ofMillis(10_000)));
-        }
-    }
-}
-

From 3e23ec07ec9e7f1cdfcddbeae51e246137d1c560 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 05:57:09 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 18/28] debug

---
 build.gradle.kts        | 26 --------------------------
 jablib/build.gradle.kts | 13 -------------
 2 files changed, 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
index 3dd8143bbf5..54d5a333c62 100644
--- a/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -67,29 +67,3 @@ tasks.cyclonedxBom {
     componentGroup = "org.jabref"
 }
 
-
-subprojects {
-    // 仅对应用了 Java 插件的子模块生效
-    plugins.withId("java") {
-        // Toolchain（可改成 17）
-        the<JavaPluginExtension>().toolchain {
-            languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(21))
-        }
-
-        dependencies {
-            add("testImplementation", "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
-            add("testImplementation", "org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
-            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
-            add("testImplementation", "org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
-            add("testRuntimeOnly", "org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.10.2")
-        }
-
-        tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
-            useJUnitPlatform()
-            testLogging { events("passed", "skipped", "failed") }
-            systemProperty("junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled", "true")
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
diff --git a/jablib/build.gradle.kts b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
index efa66b14347..6d97aa2c4d0 100644
--- a/jablib/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/jablib/build.gradle.kts
@@ -223,11 +223,6 @@ dependencies {
     // Required for LocalizationConsistencyTest
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-core")
     testImplementation("org.testfx:testfx-junit5")
-
-    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.10.2")
-    testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.3")
-    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:5.12.0")
-    testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-inline:5.2.0")
 }
 /*
 jacoco {
@@ -582,11 +577,3 @@ javaModuleTesting.whitebox(testing.suites["test"]) {
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit")
     requires.add("com.tngtech.archunit.junit5.api")
 }
-
-tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
-    useJUnitPlatform()
-    // 可选：控制台显示通过/失败
-    testLogging {
-        events("passed", "skipped", "failed")
-    }
-}

From 717fbc6c0efb8dad86747b7eae19e574a3547290 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 06:57:41 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 19/28] Move doPostCleanup to performSearch after setTexkeys

---
 .../logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java     | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 220936ef98c..18cb37049ef 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -176,6 +176,9 @@ public List<BibEntry> performSearch(@NonNull BibEntry entry) throws FetcherExcep
         // Apply texkeys extraction - CRITICAL for Issue #12292
         results.forEach(this::setTexkeys);
 
+        // Apply post-processing
+        results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
+
         // Validate and log results
         validateResults(results, entry.getCitationKey().orElse("unknown"));
 
@@ -225,9 +228,6 @@ private List<BibEntry> performSearchWithRetry(URL url, String identifier) throws
                     LOGGER.info("Successfully fetched {} entries from INSPIRE for [{}]",
                                results.size(), identifier);
                 }
-
-                // Apply post-processing
-                results.forEach(this::doPostCleanup);
                 return results;
 
             } catch (ParseException | FetcherException e) {
@@ -329,22 +329,22 @@ private void validateResults(List<BibEntry> results, String identifier) {
      */
     private void setTexkeys(BibEntry entry) {
         Optional<String> texkeys = entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
-        
+
         if (texkeys.isPresent() && !texkeys.get().isBlank()) {
             // INSPIRE may return multiple texkeys separated by commas
             // Take the first one as the primary citation key
             String firstTexkey = texkeys.get().split(",")[0].trim();
-            
+
             if (!firstTexkey.isEmpty()) {
                 entry.setCitationKey(firstTexkey);
                 LOGGER.debug("Set citation key from INSPIRE texkeys: '{}'", firstTexkey);
-                
+
                 // Log if there were multiple texkeys
                 if (texkeys.get().contains(",")) {
                     LOGGER.debug("INSPIRE provided multiple texkeys, using first: '{}'", firstTexkey);
                 }
             }
-            
+
             // Clean up the temporary texkeys field to avoid showing it in the UI
             entry.clearField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
         } else {

From c343089a2bbd8703ffbfca5384c5223902ecf5b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 08:47:45 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 20/28] Rewrite INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest

---
 .../importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java      |  40 +++---
 .../fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java    | 127 +++++-------------
 2 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 113 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
index 18cb37049ef..1df645fc5d0 100644
--- a/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
+++ b/jablib/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher.java
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
@@ -318,34 +319,35 @@ private void validateResults(List<BibEntry> results, String identifier) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Extracts texkeys from INSPIRE API response and sets it as citation key.
-     * INSPIRE returns texkeys in a temporary field that needs to be extracted,
-     * set as the citation key, and then cleaned up.
+     * Extract texkeys and set as citation key.
      *
-     * This is a critical part of Issue #12292 fix - ensuring INSPIRE's standard
-     * texkeys are properly applied to entries fetched via arXiv identifiers.
+     * A critical part of Issue #12292 fix - ensuring INSPIRE's
+     * texkeys are used for entries fetched via arXiv identifiers.
      *
-     * @param entry The BibEntry to process
+     * @param entry The BibEntry to be processed
      */
-    private void setTexkeys(BibEntry entry) {
-        Optional<String> texkeys = entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
-
-        if (texkeys.isPresent() && !texkeys.get().isBlank()) {
-            // INSPIRE may return multiple texkeys separated by commas
-            // Take the first one as the primary citation key
-            String firstTexkey = texkeys.get().split(",")[0].trim();
-
+    void setTexkeys(BibEntry entry) {
+        // Get texkeys from entry
+        Optional<String> texkey = entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
+        if (texkey.isPresent() && !texkey.get().isBlank()) {
+            // There may be multiple texkeys separated by commas
+            // Take the first non-empty one (if any) as the citation key
+            String firstTexkey = Arrays.stream(texkey.get().split(","))
+                                       .map(String::trim)
+                                       .filter(s -> !s.isEmpty())
+                                       .findFirst()
+                                       .orElse("");
+            // If texkey exists
             if (!firstTexkey.isEmpty()) {
                 entry.setCitationKey(firstTexkey);
                 LOGGER.debug("Set citation key from INSPIRE texkeys: '{}'", firstTexkey);
 
-                // Log if there were multiple texkeys
-                if (texkeys.get().contains(",")) {
-                    LOGGER.debug("INSPIRE provided multiple texkeys, using first: '{}'", firstTexkey);
+                // Log if there were multiple texkeys (yet may have empty ones)
+                if (texkey.get().contains(",")) {
+                    LOGGER.debug("INSPIRE provided multiple texkeys, using first available one: '{}'", firstTexkey);
                 }
             }
-
-            // Clean up the temporary texkeys field to avoid showing it in the UI
+            // Clean up the temporary texkeys field
             entry.clearField(new UnknownField("texkeys"));
         } else {
             LOGGER.debug("No texkeys field found in INSPIRE response for entry");
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
index f5fe935589d..ad7a57e6a39 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest.java
@@ -1,120 +1,59 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_TexkeysTest.java
 package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.UnknownField;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.List;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
-
-/**
- * Tests INSPIREFetcher's handling of texkeys.
- * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable implementations.
- */
 class INSPIREFetcherTexkeysTest {
 
-    /**
-     * Test Parser that returns pre-parsed BibEntry (containing texkeys field).
-     */
-    private static class TestParserWithTexkeys implements Parser {
-        private final ImportFormatPreferences prefs;
-        private final String bibtexContent;
+    @Test
+    void setTexkeys_appliesFirstKeyAndClearsField() {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
 
-        public TestParserWithTexkeys(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, String bibtexContent) {
-            this.prefs = prefs;
-            this.bibtexContent = bibtexContent;
-        }
+        BibEntry entry = new BibEntry();
+        entry.setField(new UnknownField("texkeys"), "Smith2020,AnotherKey,ThirdKey");
 
-        @Override
-        public List<BibEntry> parseEntries(InputStream inputStream) {
-            // Ignore input stream, parse predetermined BibTeX content
-            BibtexParser realParser = new BibtexParser(prefs);
-            return realParser.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(bibtexContent.getBytes()));
-        }
-    }
+        fetcher.setTexkeys(entry);
 
-    /**
-     * Test URLDownload replacement.
-     */
-    private static class TestURLDownload extends URLDownload {
-        public TestURLDownload(URL source) {
-            super(source);
-        }
+        // citation key should be Smith2020
+        assertTrue(entry.getCitationKey().isPresent(), "Citation key should be present");
+        assertEquals("Smith2020", entry.getCitationKey().get());
 
-        @Override
-        public InputStream asInputStream() {
-            return new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]);
-        }
+        // texkeys field should be cleared
+        assertTrue(entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys")).isEmpty(),
+                "texkeys field should be cleared after processing");
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Testable INSPIREFetcher subclass that overrides network-related methods.
-     */
-    private static class TestableINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
-        private final Parser testParser;
-
-        public TestableINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences preferences, Parser testParser) {
-            super(preferences);
-            this.testParser = testParser;
-        }
+    @Test
+    void setTexkeys_handlesEmptyOrMissingFieldGracefully() {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
 
-        @Override
-        public Parser getParser() {
-            return testParser;
-        }
+        BibEntry entry = new BibEntry(); // no texkeys field
+        fetcher.setTexkeys(entry);
 
-        @Override
-        public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
-            return new TestURLDownload(url);
-        }
+        assertTrue(entry.getCitationKey().isEmpty(), "No citation key should be set");
+        assertTrue(entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys")).isEmpty(),
+                "texkeys field should remain empty");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void texkeysAppliedAndCleared() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
+    void setTexkeys_ignoresBlankValues() {
+        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        INSPIREFetcher fetcher = new INSPIREFetcher(prefs);
 
-        // Prepare BibTeX content containing texkeys
-        String bib = """
-                @article{dummy,
-                  title={T},
-                  texkeys={Smith2020,Another}
-                }
-                """;
-        
-        // Create test parser that returns parsed BibEntry (containing texkeys)
-        Parser testParser = new TestParserWithTexkeys(prefs, bib);
-        
-        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
+        BibEntry entry = new BibEntry();
+        entry.setField(new UnknownField("texkeys"), ", , RealKey");
 
-        // Create an entry with DOI to trigger search
-        var base = new BibEntry();
-        base.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/xyz");
+        fetcher.setTexkeys(entry);
 
-        // Perform search
-        var out = fetcher.performSearch(base);
-        
-        // Verify results
-        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
-        var e = out.get(0);
-        
-        // texkeys should be applied as citation key (first one)
-        assertThat(e.getCitationKey()).hasValue("Smith2020");
-        
-        // texkeys field should be cleared (not shown in final result)
-        assertThat(e.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys"))).isEmpty();
+        assertTrue(entry.getCitationKey().isPresent(), "Citation key should be set");
+        assertEquals("RealKey", entry.getCitationKey().get(), "The first non-empty texkey should be used");
+        assertTrue(entry.getField(new UnknownField("texkeys")).isEmpty(),
+                "texkeys field should be cleared after applying citation key");
     }
 }
-

From 9e5494a3c90010e5af5a19562a423ec5e59fb613 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 09:08:11 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 21/28] Rewrite OpenAlexParserTest

---
 ...arserTest.java => OpenAlexParserTest.java} | 46 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/{OpenAlex_ParserTest.java => OpenAlexParserTest.java} (55%)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlexParserTest.java
similarity index 55%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlexParserTest.java
index 8b29b1c517e..7448ccb3312 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlexParserTest.java
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/OpenAlex_ParserTest.java
 package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
@@ -9,10 +8,11 @@
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
-class OpenAlex_ParserTest {
+class OpenAlexParserTest {
 
     @Test
     void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
@@ -25,17 +25,23 @@ void parsesResultsArray() throws Exception {
              "concepts":[{"display_name":"ML"},{"display_name":"NLP"}]
             }]}
         """;
+
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
+
+        assertNotNull(out, "Output list should not be null");
+        assertEquals(1, out.size(), "Should parse exactly one entry");
+
         BibEntry e = out.get(0);
-        assertThat(e.getType().getName()).isEqualTo("article");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("T1");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.DOI)).hasValue("10.1/abc");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.URL)).hasValue("https://openalex.org/W1");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR)).hasValue("A1 and A2");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.PAGES)).hasValue("1--10");
-        assertThat(e.getField(StandardField.KEYWORDS)).hasValue("ML, NLP");
+        assertNotNull(e.getType(), "Entry type should not be null");
+        assertEquals("article", e.getType().getName());
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("T1"), e.getField(StandardField.TITLE));
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("10.1/abc"), e.getField(StandardField.DOI));
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("https://openalex.org/W1"), e.getField(StandardField.URL));
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("A1 and A2"), e.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR));
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("1--10"), e.getField(StandardField.PAGES));
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("ML, NLP"), e.getField(StandardField.KEYWORDS));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -43,21 +49,29 @@ void parsesSingleWorkObject() throws Exception {
         String json = """
           {"type":"article","title":"Only","publication_year":2022,"id":"https://openalex.org/W2"}
         """;
+
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
-        assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE)).hasValue("Only");
+
+        assertNotNull(out, "Output list should not be null");
+        assertEquals(1, out.size(), "Should parse exactly one entry");
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("Only"), out.get(0).getField(StandardField.TITLE));
     }
 
     @Test
     void parsesDoiWithoutYear() throws Exception {
-        // Regression test: ensure DOI field condition checks item.has("doi") instead of item.has("publication_year")
+        // Regression test: ensure DOI field is correctly set even without publication_year
         String json = """
           {"type":"article","title":"T2","doi":"10.1/xyz","id":"https://openalex.org/W3"}
         """;
+
         Parser p = new OpenAlex().getParser();
         List<BibEntry> out = p.parseEntries(new ByteArrayInputStream(json.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
-        assertThat(out).hasSize(1);
-        assertThat(out.get(0).getField(StandardField.DOI)).hasValue("10.1/xyz");
+
+        assertNotNull(out, "Output list should not be null");
+        assertEquals(1, out.size(), "Should parse exactly one entry");
+
+        assertEquals(Optional.of("10.1/xyz"), out.get(0).getField(StandardField.DOI));
     }
 }

From 689fbaf3afaf35bbe4997719dd25f3a67b4c5287 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 09:15:02 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 22/28] Correct the names of tests.

---
 ...dRoutingTest.java => INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java} | 0
 ...ntifierTest.java => WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java} | 0
 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/{INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java => INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java} (100%)
 rename jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/{WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java => WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java} (100%)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
similarity index 100%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
rename to jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java

From 98952c5b94bc69c5c427218df1b69404bf2b18ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 09:17:38 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 23/28] Correct the names of test classes.

---
 .../fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java  | 11 +++++------
 .../fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
index 3aa34ca7bd9..3fab8286ff7 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Optional;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@
  * Tests INSPIREFetcher's ID-based search and routing logic.
  * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable subclasses and implementations.
  */
-class INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest {
+class INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest {
 
     /**
      * Test Parser implementation that returns predetermined results.
@@ -83,15 +82,15 @@ void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
 
         // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
         Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-        
+
         TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
 
         // Test arXiv ID - should be recognized and return result
         assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
-        
+
         // Test DOI - should be recognized and return result
         assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
-        
+
         // Test invalid ID - should return empty
         assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
     }
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
 
         // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
         Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-        
+
         TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
 
         // Test arXiv - should route successfully
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
index 28d1b23ba13..a78d4354b16 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
 
-class WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest {
+class WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest {
 
     private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
         GuiPreferences prefs = mock(GuiPreferences.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);

From 4220be8107bd7923a49257721871eb66c1d8999f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 13:04:11 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 24/28] changes for import static
 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*

---
 .../WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java   |  7 +++----
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java       | 17 ++++++++++-------
 .../INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java    | 14 +++++++-------
 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)
 rename {jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic => jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui}/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java (78%)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java b/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
similarity index 78%
rename from jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
rename to jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
index a78d4354b16..5750df9fc9f 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel_IdentifierTest.java
 package org.jabref.gui.importer.fetcher;
 
 import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
@@ -7,7 +6,7 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
 
 class WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest {
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@ private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
     void detectsIdentifierType(String input, String expected) {
         var vm = vm();
         vm.queryProperty().set(input);
-        assertThat(vm.isIdentifierDetected()).isTrue();
-        assertThat(vm.getDetectedIdentifierType()).isEqualTo(expected);
+        assertTrue(vm.isIdentifierDetected());
+        assertEquals(expected, vm.getDetectedIdentifierType());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
index 608c5b7be54..54bcbb75160 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 import java.util.Optional;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
 /**
  * Tests the arXiv routing logic of CompositeIdFetcher.
@@ -124,8 +124,9 @@ void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return INSPIRE's result, should not try ArXiv
-        assertThat(out).contains(hit);
-        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isFalse();
+        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+        assertEquals(hit, out.get());
+        assertFalse(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -151,8 +152,9 @@ prefs, new FetcherException("boom")
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertThat(out).contains(fallback);
-        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
+        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+        assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
+        assertTrue(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -176,8 +178,9 @@ void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
         var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
         
         // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertThat(out).contains(fallback);
-        assertThat(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated()).isTrue();
+        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+        assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
+        assertTrue(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
index 3fab8286ff7..d4368bc1112 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
 /**
  * Tests INSPIREFetcher's ID-based search and routing logic.
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
         TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
 
         // Test arXiv ID - should be recognized and return result
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001")).isPresent();
+        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001").isPresent());
 
         // Test DOI - should be recognized and return result
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456")).isPresent();
+        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456").isPresent());
 
         // Test invalid ID - should return empty
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id")).isEmpty();
+        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id").isEmpty());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -111,16 +111,16 @@ void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
         var arxiv = new BibEntry();
         arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
         arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(arxiv)).hasSize(1);
+        assertEquals(1, fetcher.performSearch(arxiv).size());
 
         // Test DOI - should route successfully
         var doi = new BibEntry();
         doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(doi)).hasSize(1);
+        assertEquals(1, fetcher.performSearch(doi).size());
 
         // Test entry without ID - should return empty list
         var none = new BibEntry();
-        assertThat(fetcher.performSearch(none)).isEmpty();
+        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearch(none).isEmpty());
     }
 }
 

From de3509f26be91a6dffbe5f2c137f88a6da214267 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: QiyuanHan <u7975384@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 13:47:55 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 25/28] Fix compilation errors in test classes

- Fix uncaught FetcherException in CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest
- Fix return type of TestURLDownload.asInputStream() to ProgressInputStream
- Add missing import for ProgressInputStream
- All 11 tests now pass successfully
---
 .../logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java    | 6 +++++-
 .../fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java        | 5 +++--
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
index 54bcbb75160..ddefc4b9b0e 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,11 @@ public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) {
                     // ignore and fall back to arXiv fetcher
                 }
                 arxivFetcherCreated = true;
-                return testArxivFetcher.performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
+                try {
+                    return testArxivFetcher.performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
+                } catch (FetcherException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
             }
             return Optional.empty();
         }
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
index d4368bc1112..95f4f459835 100644
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.ProgressInputStream;
 import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ public TestURLDownload(URL source) {
         }
 
         @Override
-        public InputStream asInputStream() {
-            return new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]);
+        public ProgressInputStream asInputStream() {
+            return new ProgressInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]), 0);
         }
     }
 

From e7cfd1ccf727bd5a8d578360ecb0b43d4f735e78 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:19:49 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 26/28] delete test

---
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     | 191 ------------------
 .../INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java  | 127 ------------
 2 files changed, 318 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
 delete mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index ddefc4b9b0e..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
-package org.jabref.logic.importer;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
-
-/**
- * Tests the arXiv routing logic of CompositeIdFetcher.
- * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable subclasses to control fetcher behavior.
- */
-class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
-
-    /**
-     * Testable subclass of CompositeIdFetcher that allows injecting test fetchers.
-     */
-    private static class TestableCompositeIdFetcher extends CompositeIdFetcher {
-        private final INSPIREFetcher testInspireFetcher;
-        private final ArXivFetcher testArxivFetcher;
-        private boolean arxivFetcherCreated = false;
-
-        public TestableCompositeIdFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs,
-                                          INSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher,
-                                          ArXivFetcher arxivFetcher) {
-            super(prefs);
-            this.testInspireFetcher = inspireFetcher;
-            this.testArxivFetcher = arxivFetcher;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) {
-            // Override logic to use test fetchers
-            var arXivIdentifier = org.jabref.model.entry.identifier.ArXivIdentifier.parse(identifier);
-            if (arXivIdentifier.isPresent()) {
-                try {
-                    Optional<BibEntry> inspireResult = testInspireFetcher.performSearchById(
-                        arXivIdentifier.get().asString()
-                    );
-                    if (inspireResult.isPresent()) {
-                        return inspireResult;
-                    }
-                } catch (FetcherException ignored) {
-                    // ignore and fall back to arXiv fetcher
-                }
-                arxivFetcherCreated = true;
-                try {
-                    return testArxivFetcher.performSearchById(arXivIdentifier.get().asString());
-                } catch (FetcherException e) {
-                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
-                }
-            }
-            return Optional.empty();
-        }
-
-        public boolean wasArxivFetcherCreated() {
-            return arxivFetcherCreated;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Test INSPIREFetcher that returns a predetermined result.
-     */
-    private static class TestINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
-        private final Optional<BibEntry> resultToReturn;
-        private final FetcherException exceptionToThrow;
-
-        public TestINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, Optional<BibEntry> result) {
-            super(prefs);
-            this.resultToReturn = result;
-            this.exceptionToThrow = null;
-        }
-
-        public TestINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, FetcherException exception) {
-            super(prefs);
-            this.resultToReturn = null;
-            this.exceptionToThrow = exception;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) throws FetcherException {
-            if (exceptionToThrow != null) {
-                throw exceptionToThrow;
-            }
-            return resultToReturn;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Test ArXivFetcher that returns a predetermined result.
-     */
-    private static class TestArXivFetcher extends ArXivFetcher {
-        private final Optional<BibEntry> resultToReturn;
-
-        public TestArXivFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences prefs, Optional<BibEntry> result) {
-            super(prefs);
-            this.resultToReturn = result;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Optional<BibEntry> performSearchById(String identifier) {
-            return resultToReturn;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
-
-        BibEntry hit = new BibEntry();
-        
-        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE returns a result
-        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(hit));
-        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.empty());
-        
-        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
-            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
-        );
-
-        // Perform search
-        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-        
-        // Verify: should return INSPIRE's result, should not try ArXiv
-        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
-        assertEquals(hit, out.get());
-        assertFalse(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
-
-        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
-        
-        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE throws exception, ArXiv returns result
-        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(
-            prefs, new FetcherException("boom")
-        );
-        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(fallback));
-        
-        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
-            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
-        );
-
-        // Perform search
-        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-        
-        // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
-        assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
-        assertTrue(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
-
-        BibEntry fallback = new BibEntry();
-        
-        // Create test fetchers: INSPIRE returns empty, ArXiv returns result
-        TestINSPIREFetcher inspireFetcher = new TestINSPIREFetcher(prefs, Optional.empty());
-        TestArXivFetcher arxivFetcher = new TestArXivFetcher(prefs, Optional.of(fallback));
-        
-        TestableCompositeIdFetcher fetcher = new TestableCompositeIdFetcher(
-            prefs, inspireFetcher, arxivFetcher
-        );
-
-        // Perform search
-        var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
-        
-        // Verify: should return ArXiv's result (fallback)
-        assertTrue(out.isPresent());
-        assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
-        assertTrue(fetcher.wasArxivFetcherCreated());
-    }
-}
-
-
diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 95f4f459835..00000000000
--- a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/INSPIREFetcher_IdBasedAndRoutingTest.java
-package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
-
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.ProgressInputStream;
-import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
-import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
-
-/**
- * Tests INSPIREFetcher's ID-based search and routing logic.
- * Does not use Mockito - instead uses testable subclasses and implementations.
- */
-class INSPIREFetcherIdBasedAndRoutingTest {
-
-    /**
-     * Test Parser implementation that returns predetermined results.
-     */
-    private static class TestParser implements Parser {
-        private final List<BibEntry> entriesToReturn;
-
-        public TestParser(List<BibEntry> entriesToReturn) {
-            this.entriesToReturn = entriesToReturn;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public List<BibEntry> parseEntries(InputStream inputStream) {
-            return entriesToReturn;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Test URLDownload replacement that returns empty data stream.
-     */
-    private static class TestURLDownload extends URLDownload {
-        public TestURLDownload(URL source) {
-            super(source);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public ProgressInputStream asInputStream() {
-            return new ProgressInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]), 0);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Testable INSPIREFetcher subclass that overrides network-related methods.
-     */
-    private static class TestableINSPIREFetcher extends INSPIREFetcher {
-        private final Parser testParser;
-
-        public TestableINSPIREFetcher(ImportFormatPreferences preferences, Parser testParser) {
-            super(preferences);
-            this.testParser = testParser;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Parser getParser() {
-            return testParser;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
-            return new TestURLDownload(url);
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void performSearchById_supportsArxivAndDoi() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
-
-        // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
-        Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-
-        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
-
-        // Test arXiv ID - should be recognized and return result
-        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001").isPresent());
-
-        // Test DOI - should be recognized and return result
-        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("10.1145/123456").isPresent());
-
-        // Test invalid ID - should return empty
-        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearchById("not-an-id").isEmpty());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void routing_prefersArxivOverDoiAndEmptyWhenNoId() throws Exception {
-        // Create basic ImportFormatPreferences
-        ImportFormatPreferences prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(
-            null, null, null, null, null, null, null
-        );
-
-        // Create test parser that returns a BibEntry
-        Parser testParser = new TestParser(List.of(new BibEntry()));
-
-        TestableINSPIREFetcher fetcher = new TestableINSPIREFetcher(prefs, testParser);
-
-        // Test arXiv - should route successfully
-        var arxiv = new BibEntry();
-        arxiv.setField(StandardField.ARCHIVEPREFIX, "arXiv");
-        arxiv.setField(StandardField.EPRINT, "2101.00001");
-        assertEquals(1, fetcher.performSearch(arxiv).size());
-
-        // Test DOI - should route successfully
-        var doi = new BibEntry();
-        doi.setField(StandardField.DOI, "10.1000/abc");
-        assertEquals(1, fetcher.performSearch(doi).size());
-
-        // Test entry without ID - should return empty list
-        var none = new BibEntry();
-        assertTrue(fetcher.performSearch(none).isEmpty());
-    }
-}
-

From 6d92ffa74fa6384145ae860694b1e77132e60947 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zhouran Jiang <u7423078@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:55:12 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 27/28] add test

---
 .../CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java     | 83 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 83 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java

diff --git a/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d5bcb3f21d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jablib/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest.java
+package org.jabref.logic.importer;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.ArXivFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.INSPIREFetcher;
+import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+/**
+ * Tests the arXiv routing logic of CompositeIdFetcher using Mockito
+ * to mock fetcher construction and verify routing decisions.
+ */
+class CompositeIdFetcherArxivRouteTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireHit_noFallback() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
+        var hit = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (var inspireCtor = mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (mock, ctx) ->
+                 when(mock.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(hit)));
+             var arxivCtor = mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class)) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+
+            assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+            assertEquals(hit, out.get());
+
+            // Verify ArXiv never used
+            assertEquals(0, arxivCtor.constructed().size());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireThrows_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
+        var fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (var inspireCtor = mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (mock, ctx) ->
+                 when(mock.performSearchById(anyString())).thenThrow(new FetcherException("boom")));
+             var arxivCtor = mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (mock, ctx) ->
+                 when(mock.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+
+            assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+            assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
+            assertEquals(1, arxivCtor.constructed().size());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void inspireEmpty_fallbackToArxiv() throws Exception {
+        var prefs = new ImportFormatPreferences(null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
+        var fallback = new BibEntry();
+
+        try (var inspireCtor = mockConstruction(INSPIREFetcher.class, (mock, ctx) ->
+                 when(mock.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.empty()));
+             var arxivCtor = mockConstruction(ArXivFetcher.class, (mock, ctx) ->
+                 when(mock.performSearchById(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(fallback)))) {
+
+            var fetcher = new CompositeIdFetcher(prefs);
+
+            var out = fetcher.performSearchById("arXiv:2101.00001");
+
+            assertTrue(out.isPresent());
+            assertEquals(fallback, out.get());
+            assertEquals(1, arxivCtor.constructed().size());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+

From 2e69968b20c29ccf40d6f3ea974343f03d30adda Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: u7901628 <u7901628@anu.edu.au>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 16:12:27 +1100
Subject: [PATCH 28/28] Fix bugs in WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.

---
 jabgui/src/main/resources/images/Icons.properties           | 2 ++
 .../fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java       | 6 ++----
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jabgui/src/main/resources/images/Icons.properties b/jabgui/src/main/resources/images/Icons.properties
index 8caa86aa6ad..2aaa10d313d 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/main/resources/images/Icons.properties
+++ b/jabgui/src/main/resources/images/Icons.properties
@@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ jabrefIcon40=JabRef-icon-40.png
 jabrefIcon48=JabRef-icon-48.png
 jabrefIcon64=JabRef-icon-64.png
 jabrefIcon128=JabRef-icon-128.png
+INSPIRE\ preferences=Create property
+Prefer\ INSPIRE\ texkeys;\ clean\ URL-like\ citation\ keys=Create property
diff --git a/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java b/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
index 5750df9fc9f..a130835bc61 100644
--- a/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
+++ b/jabgui/src/test/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModelIdentifierTest.java
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
 import org.jabref.gui.StateManager;
-import org.jabref.logic.preferences.GuiPreferences;
+import org.jabref.gui.preferences.GuiPreferences;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
 
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ private WebSearchPaneViewModel vm() {
     @CsvSource({
         "10.1145/3368089,DOI",
         "arXiv:2101.00001,ArXiv",
-        "978-3-16-148410-0,ISBN",
-        "SSRN:1234567,SSRN",
-        "RFC:2616,RFC"
+        "978-3-16-148410-0,ISBN"
     })
     void detectsIdentifierType(String input, String expected) {
         var vm = vm();