diff --git a/lib/check-dependencies.js b/lib/check-dependencies.js
index 49903671d..40fd689a1 100644
--- a/lib/check-dependencies.js
+++ b/lib/check-dependencies.js
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 import { fs } from '@appium/support';
-import _ from 'lodash';
 import { exec } from 'teen_process';
-import path from 'path';
-import {XcodeBuild} from './xcodebuild';
-import * as xcode from 'appium-xcode';
+import path from 'node:path';
 import {
   WDA_SCHEME, SDK_SIMULATOR, WDA_RUNNER_APP
 } from './constants';
@@ -29,14 +26,10 @@ export async function checkForDependencies () {
 
 /**
  *
- * @param {XcodeBuild} xcodebuild
+ * @param {import('./xcodebuild').XcodeBuild} xcodebuild
  * @returns {Promise<string>}
  */
 export async function bundleWDASim (xcodebuild) {
-  if (xcodebuild && !_.isFunction(xcodebuild.retrieveDerivedDataPath)) {
-    xcodebuild = new XcodeBuild(/** @type {import('appium-xcode').XcodeVersion} */ (await xcode.getVersion(true)), {});
-  }
-
   const derivedDataPath = await xcodebuild.retrieveDerivedDataPath();
   if (!derivedDataPath) {
     throw new Error('Cannot retrieve the path to the Xcode derived data folder');
diff --git a/lib/types.ts b/lib/types.ts
index 82c51cb15..ee5cdf996 100644
--- a/lib/types.ts
+++ b/lib/types.ts
@@ -50,3 +50,77 @@ export interface WDACapabilities {
   defaultAlertAction?: 'accept' | 'dismiss';
   appLaunchStateTimeoutSec?: number;
 }
+
+export interface WebDriverAgentArgs {
+  device: AppleDevice; // Required
+  platformVersion?: string;
+  platformName?: string;
+  iosSdkVersion?: string;
+  host?: string;
+  realDevice?: boolean;
+  wdaBundlePath?: string;
+  bootstrapPath?: string;
+  agentPath?: string;
+  wdaLocalPort?: number;
+  wdaRemotePort?: number;
+  wdaBaseUrl?: string;
+  prebuildWDA?: boolean;
+  webDriverAgentUrl?: string;
+  wdaConnectionTimeout?: number;
+  useXctestrunFile?: boolean;
+  usePrebuiltWDA?: boolean;
+  derivedDataPath?: string;
+  mjpegServerPort?: number;
+  updatedWDABundleId?: string;
+  wdaLaunchTimeout?: number;
+  usePreinstalledWDA?: boolean;
+  updatedWDABundleIdSuffix?: string;
+  showXcodeLog?: boolean;
+  xcodeConfigFile?: string;
+  xcodeOrgId?: string;
+  xcodeSigningId?: string;
+  keychainPath?: string;
+  keychainPassword?: string;
+  useSimpleBuildTest?: boolean;
+  allowProvisioningDeviceRegistration?: boolean;
+  resultBundlePath?: string;
+  resultBundleVersion?: string;
+  reqBasePath?: string;
+  launchTimeout?: number;
+}
+
+export interface AppleDevice {
+  udid: string;
+  simctl?: any;
+  devicectl?: any;
+  idb?: any;
+  [key: string]: any;
+}
+
+export interface XcodeBuildArgs {
+  realDevice: boolean; // Required
+  agentPath: string; // Required
+  bootstrapPath: string; // Required
+  platformVersion?: string;
+  platformName?: string;
+  iosSdkVersion?: string;
+  showXcodeLog?: boolean;
+  xcodeConfigFile?: string;
+  xcodeOrgId?: string;
+  xcodeSigningId?: string;
+  keychainPath?: string;
+  keychainPassword?: string;
+  prebuildWDA?: boolean;
+  usePrebuiltWDA?: boolean;
+  useSimpleBuildTest?: boolean;
+  useXctestrunFile?: boolean;
+  launchTimeout?: number;
+  wdaRemotePort?: number;
+  updatedWDABundleId?: string;
+  derivedDataPath?: string;
+  mjpegServerPort?: number;
+  prebuildDelay?: number;
+  allowProvisioningDeviceRegistration?: boolean;
+  resultBundlePath?: string;
+  resultBundleVersion?: string;
+}
diff --git a/lib/utils.js b/lib/utils.js
index 77ca8f53a..4ff845abd 100644
--- a/lib/utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils.js
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ async function setRealDeviceSecurity (keychainPath, keychainPassword) {
 /**
  * Information of the device under test
  * @typedef {Object} DeviceInfo
- * @property {string} isRealDevice - Equals to true if the current device is a real device
+ * @property {boolean} isRealDevice - Equals to true if the current device is a real device
  * @property {string} udid - The device UDID.
  * @property {string} platformVersion - The platform version of OS.
  * @property {string} platformName - The platform name of iOS, tvOS
diff --git a/lib/webdriveragent.js b/lib/webdriveragent.js
index 6d9ab3fd6..7e3f88f07 100644
--- a/lib/webdriveragent.js
+++ b/lib/webdriveragent.js
@@ -36,11 +36,10 @@ export class WebDriverAgent {
 
   /**
    * @param {import('appium-xcode').XcodeVersion} xcodeVersion
-   * // TODO: make args typed
-   * @param {import('@appium/types').StringRecord} [args={}]
+   * @param {import('./types').WebDriverAgentArgs} args
    * @param {import('@appium/types').AppiumLogger?} [log=null]
    */
-  constructor (xcodeVersion, args = {}, log = null) {
+  constructor (xcodeVersion, args, log = null) {
     this.xcodeVersion = xcodeVersion;
 
     this.args = _.clone(args);
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ export class WebDriverAgent {
     this.iosSdkVersion = args.iosSdkVersion;
     this.host = args.host;
     this.isRealDevice = !!args.realDevice;
-    this.idb = (args.device || {}).idb;
+    this.idb = args.device.idb;
     this.wdaBundlePath = args.wdaBundlePath;
 
     this.setWDAPaths(args.bootstrapPath, args.agentPath);
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ export class WebDriverAgent {
   get canSkipXcodebuild () {
     // Use this.args.webDriverAgentUrl to guarantee
     // the capabilities set gave the `appium:webDriverAgentUrl`.
-    return this.usePreinstalledWDA || this.args.webDriverAgentUrl;
+    return this.usePreinstalledWDA || !!this.args.webDriverAgentUrl;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@ export class WebDriverAgent {
       // Current method to launch WDA process can be done via 'xcrun devicectl',
       // but it has limitation about the WDA preinstalled package.
       // https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/19206#issuecomment-2014182674
-      if (util.compareVersions(this.platformVersion, '>=', '17.0')) {
+      if (this.platformVersion && util.compareVersions(this.platformVersion, '>=', '17.0')) {
         await this._launchViaDevicectl({env: xctestEnv});
       } else {
         this.xctestApiClient = new Xctest(this.device.udid, this.bundleIdForXctest, null, {env: xctestEnv});
@@ -631,7 +630,7 @@ export class WebDriverAgent {
     if (!this.args.webDriverAgentUrl) {
       // if we populated the url ourselves (during `setupCaching` call, for instance)
       // then clean that up. If the url was supplied, we want to keep it
-      this.webDriverAgentUrl = null;
+      this.webDriverAgentUrl = undefined;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/lib/xcodebuild.js b/lib/xcodebuild.js
index 041d24ebe..8a25361d0 100644
--- a/lib/xcodebuild.js
+++ b/lib/xcodebuild.js
@@ -47,12 +47,11 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
 
   /**
    * @param {import('appium-xcode').XcodeVersion} xcodeVersion
-   * @param {any} device
-   * // TODO: make args typed
-   * @param {import('@appium/types').StringRecord} [args={}]
-   * @param {import('@appium/types').AppiumLogger?} [log=null]
+   * @param {import('./types').AppleDevice} device
+   * @param {import('./types').XcodeBuildArgs} args
+   * @param {import('@appium/types').AppiumLogger | null} [log=null]
    */
-  constructor (xcodeVersion, device, args = {}, log = null) {
+  constructor (xcodeVersion, device, args, log = null) {
     this.xcodeVersion = xcodeVersion;
 
     this.device = device;
@@ -110,13 +109,19 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
     this.noSessionProxy = noSessionProxy;
 
     if (this.useXctestrunFile) {
-      const deviveInfo = {
-        isRealDevice: this.realDevice,
+      /** @type {import('./utils').DeviceInfo} */
+      const deviceInfo = {
+        isRealDevice: !!this.realDevice,
         udid: this.device.udid,
-        platformVersion: this.platformVersion,
-        platformName: this.platformName
+        platformVersion: this.platformVersion || '',
+        platformName: this.platformName || ''
       };
-      this.xctestrunFilePath = await setXctestrunFile(deviveInfo, this.iosSdkVersion, this.bootstrapPath, this.wdaRemotePort);
+      this.xctestrunFilePath = await setXctestrunFile(
+        deviceInfo,
+        this.iosSdkVersion || '',
+        this.bootstrapPath,
+        this.wdaRemotePort || 8100
+      );
       return;
     }
 
@@ -200,8 +205,8 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
    * @returns {Promise<void>}
    */
   async cleanProject () {
-    const libScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName) ? LIB_SCHEME_TV : LIB_SCHEME_IOS;
-    const runnerScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName) ? RUNNER_SCHEME_TV : RUNNER_SCHEME_IOS;
+    const libScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName || '') ? LIB_SCHEME_TV : LIB_SCHEME_IOS;
+    const runnerScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName || '') ? RUNNER_SCHEME_TV : RUNNER_SCHEME_IOS;
 
     for (const scheme of [libScheme, runnerScheme]) {
       this.log.debug(`Cleaning the project scheme '${scheme}' to make sure there are no leftovers from previous installs`);
@@ -249,7 +254,7 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
     if (this.useXctestrunFile && this.xctestrunFilePath) {
       args.push('-xctestrun', this.xctestrunFilePath);
     } else {
-      const runnerScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName) ? RUNNER_SCHEME_TV : RUNNER_SCHEME_IOS;
+      const runnerScheme = isTvOS(this.platformName || '') ? RUNNER_SCHEME_TV : RUNNER_SCHEME_IOS;
       args.push('-project', this.agentPath, '-scheme', runnerScheme);
       if (this.derivedDataPath) {
         args.push('-derivedDataPath', this.derivedDataPath);
@@ -257,14 +262,16 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
     }
     args.push('-destination', `id=${this.device.udid}`);
 
-    const versionMatch = new RegExp(/^(\d+)\.(\d+)/).exec(this.platformVersion);
-    if (versionMatch) {
+    let versionMatch;
+    if (this.platformVersion && (versionMatch = new RegExp(/^(\d+)\.(\d+)/).exec(this.platformVersion))) {
       args.push(
-        `${isTvOS(this.platformName) ? 'TV' : 'IPHONE'}OS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=${versionMatch[1]}.${versionMatch[2]}`
+        `${isTvOS(this.platformName || '') ? 'TV' : 'IPHONE'}OS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=${versionMatch[1]}.${versionMatch[2]}`
       );
     } else {
-      this.log.warn(`Cannot parse major and minor version numbers from platformVersion "${this.platformVersion}". ` +
-        'Will build for the default platform instead');
+      this.log.warn(
+        `Cannot parse major and minor version numbers from platformVersion "${this.platformVersion}". ` +
+        'Will build for the default platform instead'
+      );
     }
 
     if (this.realDevice) {
@@ -413,10 +420,11 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
    */
   async waitForStart (timer) {
     // try to connect once every 0.5 seconds, until `launchTimeout` is up
-    this.log.debug(`Waiting up to ${this.launchTimeout}ms for WebDriverAgent to start`);
+    const timeout = this.launchTimeout || 60000; // Default to 60 seconds if not set
+    this.log.debug(`Waiting up to ${timeout}ms for WebDriverAgent to start`);
     let currentStatus = null;
     try {
-      const retries = Math.trunc(this.launchTimeout / 500);
+      const retries = Math.trunc(timeout / 500);
       await retryInterval(retries, 1000, async () => {
         if (this._didProcessExit) {
           // there has been an error elsewhere and we need to short-circuit
@@ -448,7 +456,7 @@ export class XcodeBuild {
     } catch (err) {
       this.log.debug(err.stack);
       throw new Error(
-        `We were not able to retrieve the /status response from the WebDriverAgent server after ${this.launchTimeout}ms timeout.` +
+        `We were not able to retrieve the /status response from the WebDriverAgent server after ${timeout}ms timeout.` +
         `Try to increase the value of 'appium:wdaLaunchTimeout' capability as a possible workaround.`
       );
     }
diff --git a/test/unit/webdriveragent-specs.js b/test/unit/webdriveragent-specs.js
index 8c00390ea..a9179062a 100644
--- a/test/unit/webdriveragent-specs.js
+++ b/test/unit/webdriveragent-specs.js
@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ import _ from 'lodash';
 import sinon from 'sinon';
 
 const fakeConstructorArgs = {
-  device: 'some sim',
+  device: {
+    udid: 'some-sim-udid',
+    simctl: {},
+    devicectl: {},
+    idb: null
+  },
   platformVersion: '9',
   host: 'me',
   port: '5000',
@@ -186,7 +191,7 @@ describe('setupCaching()', function () {
   const getTimestampStub = sinon.stub(utils, 'getWDAUpgradeTimestamp');
 
   beforeEach(function () {
-    wda = new WebDriverAgent('1');
+    wda = new WebDriverAgent('1', fakeConstructorArgs);
     wdaStub = sinon.stub(wda, 'getStatus');
     wdaStubUninstall = sinon.stub(wda, 'uninstall');
   });
@@ -249,7 +254,7 @@ describe('setupCaching()', function () {
   });
 
   it('should not call uninstall since bundle id is equal to updatedWDABundleId capability', async function () {
-    wda = new WebDriverAgent('1', { updatedWDABundleId: 'com.example.WebDriverAgent' });
+    wda = new WebDriverAgent('1', { ...fakeConstructorArgs, updatedWDABundleId: 'com.example.WebDriverAgent' });
     wdaStub = sinon.stub(wda, 'getStatus');
     wdaStubUninstall = sinon.stub(wda, 'uninstall');