+TThe DNS study involves a statistically steady, isotropic, and homogeneous turbulent flow in an unconfined space. The flame is initialized by a planar surface separating half of the domain containing methane/air mixture at 700 K and 3.04 × 107 erg cm−3 pressure, and another half with hot products, and is immersed in a high-intensity turbulent flow field with Kolmogorov type spectrum. The idea is to investigate the process of flame interaction with steady homogeneous isotropic turbulence. However, the flow needs to be constantly stirred at the largest scale to ensure a steady energy cascade to smaller scales so that the turbulence-flame interaction at the quasi-steady state can be studied. A spectral turbulence- driving method is used in the study, the details of which are available in Poludnenko and Oran. This driving method produces statistically steady forced-HIT flows with arbitrarily complex energy spectra. In particular, it is possible to achieve Kolmogorov type turbulence with inertial range of energy cascade extending up to energy injection scale. The other advantage of this method is that it does not introduce any artificial large-scale anisotropy, compression, or rarefaction. Prior to ignition, all domain boundaries are periodic. At ignition, boundary conditions along the left and right z-boundaries (as shown in Figure 9) are switched to zero-order extrapolation to prevent any non-physical pressure build-up in the domain and the formation of artificial large-scale rarefaction waves at the boundaries.
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