apply suggestions from the review

Author: michalsn

system/Database/BaseConnection.php

@@ -1959,7 +1959,7 @@ protected function convertTimezoneToOffset(string $timezone): string
             return sprintf('%+03d:%02d', $hours, $minutes);
         } catch (Exception $e) {
             // If timezone conversion fails, log and return UTC
-            log_message('error', "Invalid timezone '{$timezone}': {$e->getMessage()}. Falling back to UTC.");
+            log_message('error', "Invalid timezone '{$timezone}'. Falling back to UTC. {$e->getMessage()}.");
 
             return '+00:00';
         }

tests/system/Database/BaseConnectionTest.php

@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ public function testConvertTimezoneToOffsetWithInvalidTimezone(): void
 
         $result = $this->getPrivateMethodInvoker($db, 'convertTimezoneToOffset')('Invalid/Timezone');
         $this->assertSame('+00:00', $result);
+        $this->assertLogged('error', "Invalid timezone 'Invalid/Timezone'. Falling back to UTC. DateTimeZone::__construct(): Unknown or bad timezone (Invalid/Timezone).");
     }
 
     public function testGetSessionTimezoneWithFalse(): void

tests/system/Database/Live/ConnectTest.php

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 use CodeIgniter\Config\Factories;
 use CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3\Connection;
 use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
-use CodeIgniter\I18n\Time;
 use CodeIgniter\Test\CIUnitTestCase;
 use CodeIgniter\Test\DatabaseTestTrait;
 use Config\Database;
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ public function testTimezoneAutoSyncWithAppTimezone(): void
 
         $appConfig      = config('App');
         $appTimezone    = $appConfig->appTimezone ?? 'UTC';
-        $expectedOffset = $this->convertTimezoneToOffset($appTimezone);
+        $expectedOffset = $this->getPrivateMethodInvoker($db, 'convertTimezoneToOffset')($appTimezone);
 
         $this->assertSame($expectedOffset, $timezone);
     }
@@ -221,22 +220,4 @@ private function getDatabaseTimezone($db, string $driver): string
                 throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported driver: {$driver}");
         }
     }
-
-    /**
-     * Helper method to convert timezone to offset (mirrors BaseConnection logic)
-     */
-    private function convertTimezoneToOffset(string $timezone): string
-    {
-        if (preg_match('/^[+-]\d{2}:\d{2}$/', $timezone)) {
-            return $timezone;
-        }
-
-        $time   = Time::now($timezone);
-        $offset = $time->getOffset();
-
-        $hours   = (int) ($offset / 3600);
-        $minutes = abs((int) (($offset % 3600) / 60));
-
-        return sprintf('%+03d:%02d', $hours, $minutes);
-    }
 }