diff --git a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionBody.cs b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionBody.cs
index 2eefdb6482b8..ef74ba89164c 100644
--- a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionBody.cs
+++ b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionBody.cs
@@ -26,14 +26,16 @@ internal sealed class ResponseCompressionBody : Stream, IHttpResponseBodyFeature
     private bool _providerCreated;
     private bool _autoFlush;
     private bool _complete;
+    private readonly bool _allowCompression;
 
     internal ResponseCompressionBody(HttpContext context, IResponseCompressionProvider provider,
-        IHttpResponseBodyFeature innerBodyFeature)
+        IHttpResponseBodyFeature innerBodyFeature, bool allowCompression)
     {
         _context = context;
         _provider = provider;
         _innerBodyFeature = innerBodyFeature;
         _innerStream = innerBodyFeature.Stream;
+        _allowCompression = allowCompression;
     }
 
     internal async Task FinishCompressionAsync()
@@ -224,17 +226,22 @@ public override async ValueTask WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<byte> buffer, Cancella
                 headers.Vary = StringValues.Concat(headers.Vary, HeaderNames.AcceptEncoding);
             }
 
-            var compressionProvider = ResolveCompressionProvider();
-            if (compressionProvider != null)
+            // Only attempt compression when the request includes Accept-Encoding.
+            // The Vary header is always added above for correct caching behavior.
+            if (_allowCompression)
             {
-                // Can't use += as StringValues does not override operator+
-                // and the implict conversions will cause an incorrect string concat https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/52507
-                headers.ContentEncoding = StringValues.Concat(headers.ContentEncoding, compressionProvider.EncodingName);
-                headers.ContentMD5 = default; // Reset the MD5 because the content changed.
-                headers.ContentLength = default;
-            }
+                var compressionProvider = ResolveCompressionProvider();
+                if (compressionProvider != null)
+                {
+                    // Can't use += as StringValues does not override operator+
+                    // and the implict conversions will cause an incorrect string concat https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/52507
+                    headers.ContentEncoding = StringValues.Concat(headers.ContentEncoding, compressionProvider.EncodingName);
+                    headers.ContentMD5 = default; // Reset the MD5 because the content changed.
+                    headers.ContentLength = default;
+                }
 
-            return compressionProvider;
+                return compressionProvider;
+            }
         }
 
         return null;
diff --git a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionMiddleware.cs b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionMiddleware.cs
index 22a9677d6e10..4a67f0418fa0 100644
--- a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionMiddleware.cs
+++ b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/src/ResponseCompressionMiddleware.cs
@@ -36,21 +36,17 @@ public ResponseCompressionMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IResponseCompressionP
     /// <returns>A task that represents the execution of this middleware.</returns>
     public Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
     {
-        if (!_provider.CheckRequestAcceptsCompression(context))
-        {
-            return _next(context);
-        }
-        return InvokeCore(context);
+        return InvokeCore(context, _provider.CheckRequestAcceptsCompression(context));
     }
 
-    private async Task InvokeCore(HttpContext context)
+    private async Task InvokeCore(HttpContext context, bool allowCompression)
     {
         var originalBodyFeature = context.Features.Get<IHttpResponseBodyFeature>();
         var originalCompressionFeature = context.Features.Get<IHttpsCompressionFeature>();
 
         Debug.Assert(originalBodyFeature != null);
 
-        var compressionBody = new ResponseCompressionBody(context, _provider, originalBodyFeature);
+        var compressionBody = new ResponseCompressionBody(context, _provider, originalBodyFeature, allowCompression);
         context.Features.Set<IHttpResponseBodyFeature>(compressionBody);
         context.Features.Set<IHttpsCompressionFeature>(compressionBody);
 
diff --git a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionBodyTest.cs b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionBodyTest.cs
index 0999ddd07b8e..711d85897e6e 100644
--- a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionBodyTest.cs
+++ b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionBodyTest.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public void OnWrite_AppendsAcceptEncodingToVaryHeader_IfNotPresent(string provid
     {
         var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
         httpContext.Response.Headers.Vary = providedVaryHeader;
-        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(httpContext, new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable: true), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(new MemoryStream()));
+        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(httpContext, new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable: true), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(new MemoryStream()), allowCompression: true);
 
         stream.Write(new byte[] { }, 0, 0);
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public void Write_IsPassedToUnderlyingStream_WhenDisableResponseBuffering(bool f
         var buffer = new byte[] { 1 };
 
         var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream));
+        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream), allowCompression: true);
 
         stream.DisableBuffering();
         stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public async Task WriteAsync_IsPassedToUnderlyingStream_WhenDisableResponseBuffe
         var buffer = new byte[] { 1 };
 
         var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream));
+        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream), allowCompression: true);
 
         stream.DisableBuffering();
         await stream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public async Task SendFileAsync_IsPassedToUnderlyingStream_WhenDisableResponseBu
     {
         var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
 
-        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(true), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream));
+        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(true), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream), allowCompression: true);
 
         stream.DisableBuffering();
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public void BeginWrite_IsPassedToUnderlyingStream_WhenDisableResponseBuffering(b
 
         var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
 
-        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream));
+        var stream = new ResponseCompressionBody(new DefaultHttpContext(), new MockResponseCompressionProvider(flushable), new StreamResponseBodyFeature(memoryStream), allowCompression: true);
 
         stream.DisableBuffering();
         stream.BeginWrite(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, (o) => { }, null);
diff --git a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionMiddlewareTest.cs b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionMiddlewareTest.cs
index 4f1d1def09fc..983b8e04b99f 100644
--- a/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionMiddlewareTest.cs
+++ b/src/Middleware/ResponseCompression/test/ResponseCompressionMiddlewareTest.cs
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ public async Task Request_NoAcceptEncoding_Uncompressed()
     {
         var (response, logMessages) = await InvokeMiddleware(100, requestAcceptEncodings: null, responseType: TextPlain);
 
-        CheckResponseNotCompressed(response, expectedBodyLength: 100, sendVaryHeader: false);
-        AssertLog(logMessages.Single(), LogLevel.Debug, "No response compression available, the Accept-Encoding header is missing or invalid.");
+        CheckResponseNotCompressed(response, expectedBodyLength: 100, sendVaryHeader: true);
+        Assert.Contains(logMessages, lm => lm.LogLevel == LogLevel.Debug && lm.State.ToString().Contains("Accept-Encoding header is missing or invalid"));
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -136,10 +136,9 @@ public async Task RequestHead_NoAcceptEncoding_Uncompressed()
     {
         var (response, logMessages) = await InvokeMiddleware(100, requestAcceptEncodings: null, responseType: TextPlain, httpMethod: HttpMethods.Head);
 
-        CheckResponseNotCompressed(response, expectedBodyLength: 100, sendVaryHeader: false);
-        AssertLog(logMessages.Single(), LogLevel.Debug, "No response compression available, the Accept-Encoding header is missing or invalid.");
+        CheckResponseNotCompressed(response, expectedBodyLength: 100, sendVaryHeader: true);
+        Assert.Contains(logMessages, lm => lm.LogLevel == LogLevel.Debug && lm.State.ToString().Contains("Accept-Encoding header is missing or invalid"));
     }
-
     [Fact]
     public async Task RequestHead_AcceptGzipDeflate_CompressedGzip()
     {