commit note

Author: ds19991999

Linux命令行.pdf

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# sys模块"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "toc": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "<h1>Contents<span class=\"tocSkip\"></span></h1>\n",
+    "<div class=\"toc\"><ul class=\"toc-item\"><li><span><a href=\"#命令行参数\" data-toc-modified-id=\"命令行参数-1\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">1&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>命令行参数</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#异常消息\" data-toc-modified-id=\"异常消息-2\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">2&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>异常消息</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#标准输入输出流\" data-toc-modified-id=\"标准输入输出流-3\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">3&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>标准输入输出流</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#退出Python\" data-toc-modified-id=\"退出Python-4\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">4&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>退出Python</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#Python-Path\" data-toc-modified-id=\"Python-Path-5\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">5&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Python Path</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#操作系统信息\" data-toc-modified-id=\"操作系统信息-6\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">6&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>操作系统信息</a></span></li><li><span><a href=\"#Python版本信息\" data-toc-modified-id=\"Python版本信息-7\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">7&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Python版本信息</a></span></li></ul></div>"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import sys"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## 命令行参数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Writing print_args.py\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "%%writefile print_args.py\n",
+    "import sys\n",
+    "print sys.argv"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "['print_args.py', '1', 'foo']\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "%run print_args.py 1 foo"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "第一个参数 `（sys.args[0]）` 表示的始终是执行的文件名，然后依次显示传入的参数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n",
+    "os.remove('print_args.py')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## 异常消息"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "`sys.exc_info()` 可以显示 `Exception` 的信息，返回一个 `(type, value, traceback)` 组成的三元组，可以与 `try/catch` 块一起使用："
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(<type 'exceptions.ZeroDivisionError'>, ZeroDivisionError('integer division or modulo by zero',), <traceback object at 0x04A4DCB0>)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "try:\n",
+    "    x = 1/0\n",
+    "except Exception:\n",
+    "    # sys.exc_clear() 用于清除所有的异常消息。\n",
+    "    print sys.exc_info()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## 标准输入输出流"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "* `sys.stdin`\n",
+    "* `sys.stdout`\n",
+    "* `sys.stderr`"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## 退出Python"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "`sys.exit(arg=0)` 用于退出 `Python`。0 或者 `None` 表示正常退出，其他值表示异常。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Python Path"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "['',\n",
+       " 'C:\\\\WINDOWS\\\\SYSTEM32\\\\python27.zip',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\DLLs',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\lib',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\lib\\\\plat-win',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\lib\\\\lib-tk',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\lib\\\\site-packages',\n",
+       " 'd:\\\\python\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\IPython\\\\extensions',\n",
+       " 'C:\\\\Users\\\\Alien\\\\.ipython']"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 16,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# sys.path表示 Python 搜索模块的路径和查找顺序：\n",
+    "sys.path"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## 操作系统信息"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'win32'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 17,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# 显示当前操作系统信息\n",
+    "sys.platform"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "sys.getwindowsversion(major=6, minor=2, build=9200, platform=2, service_pack='')"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# 返回win操作系统版本\n",
+    "sys.getwindowsversion()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Python版本信息"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "sys.version_info(major=2, minor=7, micro=13, releaselevel='final', serial=0)"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 19,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sys.version_info"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'2.7.13 (v2.7.13:a06454b1afa1, Dec 17 2016, 20:42:59) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sys.version"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.13"
+  },
+  "latex_envs": {
+   "LaTeX_envs_menu_present": true,
+   "autoclose": false,
+   "autocomplete": true,
+   "bibliofile": "biblio.bib",
+   "cite_by": "apalike",
+   "current_citInitial": 1,
+   "eqLabelWithNumbers": true,
+   "eqNumInitial": 1,
+   "hotkeys": {
+    "equation": "Ctrl-E",
+    "itemize": "Ctrl-I"
+   },
+   "labels_anchors": false,
+   "latex_user_defs": false,
+   "report_style_numbering": false,
+   "user_envs_cfg": false
+  },
+  "toc": {
+   "base_numbering": "1",
+   "nav_menu": {},
+   "number_sections": true,
+   "sideBar": true,
+   "skip_h1_title": true,
+   "title_cell": "Contents",
+   "title_sidebar": "Contents",
+   "toc_cell": true,
+   "toc_position": {
+    "height": "calc(100% - 180px)",
+    "left": "10px",
+    "top": "150px",
+    "width": "156px"
+   },
+   "toc_section_display": true,
+   "toc_window_display": true
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}