Chelli

Chelli is a function set that implements command-line parsing using Zsh Shell. And the name of Chelli means a combination of Shell and CLI.

Installation

Chelli is a set of Zsh functions, so you just need to import Chelli into your source file like the following code snippet.

source your_chelli_path/chelli.sh

# your source code

Get started

Chelli can help you create a CLI quickly, you can call parse_cli which is the only step to write a simple CLI.

#!/bin/zsh
source ./chelli.sh

cli_parse $@

Perfect! so far you have your first own CLI create by Chelli, then you can try -h, --help or -v, --version to print information of the CLI.

Build-in options

Basiclly, a CLI usually have a -h, --help option to show help information, also have -v, --version to display version information of this CLI, but fortunately is Chelli have two build-in options -v, --version and -h, --help, you can call set_metadata to complete CLI information and the two build-in options will use them to display later.

#!/bin/zsh
source ./chelli.sh

# CLI name, CLI description, CLI version
set_metadata Foo "Whatever" "V1.0.0"

cli_parse $@

Let's take a look help information of the "Foo", run ./foo.sh -h you will get the following output in your terminal.

Whatever

Usage: Foo [options] commands

Options:

-v, --version   Print version information & quit
-h, --help   Print handbook & quit

That's easy right? also you can print version information via ./foo.sh -v.

Foo version V1.0.0

And It's worth mention that the build-in option which just like -h, --help and -v, --version is implemented using option function by Chelli, so you can override the two build-in option if you wanna display the information you wanna display or something like that.

This code snippet from Chelli:

# build-in options
option "v" "version" "Print version information & quit" print_version
option "h" "help" "Print handbook & quit" print_help "*"

You might notice that there is an * in above codes, this is a Wildcard character in Chelli, for more detail see Options.

Commands

Commands is an important part of CLI, you can using command function to define your command. The command function take four arguments which are name, description, action handler and arguments.

In this case which is simplest usage of command.

#!/bin/zsh
source ../chelli.sh;

foo_command_action() {
  echo "foo is invoke!"
}

command "foo" "whatever" foo_command_action

cli_parse $@

Notice: the arguments is a optional argument, so you can call command without arguments, just like the above code.

When you run ./foo.sh foo you will see:

foo is invoke!

Run command with arguments

In addition, you can run command with arguments which just like cli command <arg> [arg] or something like that, Chelli will parse the arguments and pass them into corresponding action of the command.

Main command

Main command is current program that means is your running CLI.

Required argument

the <args> is enclosed by angle brackets that meaning the <arg> is required argument, consider the following code.

#!/bin/zsh
source ../chelli.sh;

# the first argument is the value of name
foo_command_action() {
  echo "the name is $1"
  echo "foo is invoke!"
}

command "foo" "whatever" foo_command_action "<name>"

cli_parse $@

If you run ./foo.sh foo Jon, you will see the following output:

the name is Jon
foo is invoke!

But if you forget to write the name argument like ./foo foo, then you will get the following error and the program will crash.

[Argument Error]: The name argument is required

Optional argument

The optional argument is same to required argument which is only difference between them is the optional argument is you can run command without the optionl argument just like the name of it.

Let's update the above codes like:

#!/bin/zsh
source ../chelli.sh;

# the first argument is the value of name
foo_command_action() {
  echo "the name is $1"
  echo "foo is invoke!"
}

# use optional argument
command "foo" "whatever" foo_command_action "[name]"

cli_parse $@

Output:

the name is 
foo is invoke!

You may have notice that if the name argument is missing when call the foo command, the action handler of foo command receives the value of name is "", but you can't see any error same by required argument.

Notice: the value of each arguments will passed as function arguments to the corresponding action of the command

Run command with options

Of course, you can run any command with options, you just need to write option after the command, for instance:

./foo.sh foo -n Jon

The -n is an option of the foo command, Chelli will parse the option and pass it into the hash table which name is OPTION_VALUES using apply function, this means is you can read value of each options via OPTION_VALUES hash table.

#!/bin/zsh
source ../chelli.sh;

foo_command_action() {
  echo "the name is $OPTION_VALUES[name]"
  echo "foo is invoke!"
}

# the function will be invoke when the name option is parsed
name_option_action() {
    apply $1
}

# use optional argument
command "foo" "whatever" foo_command_action "[name]"
required_option "n" "name" "whatever" name_option_action "foo"

cli_parse $@

When the name_option_action is invoked, apply will set $1(value of name) into OPTION_VALUES, and then you can read the value of name from OPTION_VALUES, but the apply function doesn't get called automatically, this means that you have to call the apply funtion manually in action of the option.

Run the above code, you will see the name is print in the terminal.

the name is Jon
foo is invoke!

Options

Option is another from CLI arguments that usually start with - or --, and option is same to arguments, also have required_option and option(optional option). And the option function take five arguments which is short option name, long option name, description of the option, option action handler and bind command name, It's worth mention that if bind command name is empty, option will bind on the main command.

Consider the following code:

foo_action() {
  echo "foo action"
}

option "f" "foo" "description" foo_action

Add the above code in your code and run with ./cli_name.sh -f that will print:

foo action

And of course you can specify the comamnd that you wanna bind, you can just need to append the command name after the action argument just like:

option "f" "foo" "description" foo_action "spycify_command_name"

Then run ./cli_name.sh spycify_command_name -f you will see the result same to the above example.

Required option

If you wanna pass a value to any option, you can use required_option, for instance:

foo_action() {
  echo "value is $1"
}

required_option "f" "foo" "description" foo_action "spycify_command_name"

Then run with ./cli_name.sh -f bar, you will see

value is bar

Examples

You can found an example that is used to simulate the behavior of login into the database. Following is some code snippets, for more detail see access.sh.

 #!/bin/zsh

source ../chelli.sh;

login() {
    echo "Login user: " $OPTION_VALUES[user]
    echo "Login password: " $OPTION_VALUES[password]
    echo "Login database: " $OPTION_VALUES[database]
    echo
    echo "Login..."
}

# username
specify_user() {
    apply $1
}

enter_password() {
    local password
    printf "password: "
    read -s password

    apply $password
}

specify_database() {
    apply $1
}

set_metadata access "Access database tool" "V1.0.2"

command login "Login to the specified database" login

required_option "u" "user" "Specify the user that needs to be login" specify_user login
required_option "d" "database" "Specify the database that needs to be login" specify_database login
option "p" "password" "User password" enter_password login

cli_parse $@

As you can see everything is working fine🎉

LICENSE

MIT.