Cleaned up the english a bit

Author: beaulm

Chapter1/Chapter1_Introduction.ipynb

@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@
       "---------------\n",
       "Python has a clear and concise syntax, which favors the readability of source code, and makes the language more productive.\n",
       "\n",
-      "The language includes several high-level structures (lists, dictionaries, date / time, complex numbers and others) and a vast collection of modules ready for use, plus third-party frameworks that can be added. It also has features found in other modern languages, such as generators, introspection, persistence, metaclasses and unity tests. Multiparadigm, the language supports modular, functional, and object-oriented programming. Even the basic types in Python are objects. The language is interpreted through bytecode  by the Python virtual machine, making the code portable. This makes it possible to build applications on one platform and run on other systems or run direct from the source.\n",
+      "The language includes several high-level structures (lists, dictionaries, date / time, complex numbers and others) and a vast collection of modules ready for use, plus third-party frameworks that can be added. It also has features found in other modern languages, such as generators, introspection, persistence, metaclasses and unity tests. Multiparadigm, the language supports modular, functional, and object-oriented programming. Even the basic types in Python are objects. The language is interpreted through bytecode  by the Python virtual machine, making the code portable. This makes it possible to build applications on one platform and run them on other systems or direct from the source.\n",
       "\n",
-      "Python is an open source software (with license compatible with the *General Public License (GPL)*, but less restrictive, allowing Python to be even incorporated into proprietary products). The language specification is maintained by [Python Software Foundation](http://www.python.org/psf/) (PSF).\n",
+      "Python is open source software (with license compatible with the *General Public License (GPL)*, but less restrictive, allowing Python to be even incorporated into proprietary products). The language specification is maintained by the [Python Software Foundation](http://www.python.org/psf/) (PSF).\n",
       "\n",
-      "Besides being used as the main language in the development of systems, Python is also used as a *script* language in various software, enabling you to automate tasks and add new features, among them: LibreOffice.org, PostgreSQL, Blender, GIMP and Inkscape.\n",
+      "Besides being used as the main language in the development of systems, Python is also used as a *scripting* language in various pieces of software, enabling you to automate tasks and add new features, among them: LibreOffice.org, PostgreSQL, Blender, GIMP and Inkscape.\n",
       "\n",
-      "It is possible to integrate Python with other languages such as C and Fortran languages. In general terms, the language has many similarities with other dynamic languages such as Perl and Ruby.\n",
+      "It is possible to integrate Python with other languages such as C and Fortran. In general terms, the language has many similarities with other dynamic languages such as Perl and Ruby.\n",
       "\n",
       "History\n",
       "---------\n",
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
       "\n",
       "`python apl.py`\n",
       "\n",
-      "Thus `apl.py` will run. On Windows, the file extensions\u00a0\".py\", \". pyw\", \". pyc\" and \". pyo\" are associated with the Python automatically during installation, then just click on the file to run. The \". pyw\" files run with an alternate version of the interpreter that does not open the console window.\n",
+      "Thus `apl.py` will run. On Windows, the file extensions\u00a0\".py\", \". pyw\", \". pyc\" and \". pyo\" are associated with Python automatically during installation, so just click a the file to run it. The \". pyw\" files run with an alternate version of the interpreter that does not open the console window.\n",
       "\n",
       "Dynamic Typing\n",
       "----------------\n",
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@
       "\n",
       "![Compilation, interpretation and packing](files/bpyfd_diags1.png)\n",
       "\n",
-      "By default, the parser compiles the code and stores the bytecode on disk, so the next time you run it, there is no need to recompile the program, reducing the load time on execution. If the source files are changed, the interpreter will be responsible for regenerating the bytecode automatically, even using the *interactive shell*. When a program or a module is invoked, the interpreter performs the analysis of the code, converting to symbols, compiles (if there is no updated bytecode on disk) and runs it on Python virtual machine.\n",
+      "By default, the parser compiles the code and stores the bytecode on disk, so the next time you run it, there is no need to recompile the program, reducing the load time of execution. If the source files are changed, the interpreter will be responsible for regenerating the bytecode automatically, even using the *interactive shell*. When a program or a module is invoked, the interpreter performs the analysis of the code, converts to symbols, compiles (if there is no updated bytecode on disk) and runs it in the Python virtual machine.\n",
       "\n",
-      "The bytecode is stored in files with extension \". pyc\" (normal bytecode) or \". pyo\" (optimized bytecode). The bytecode can also be packaged along with an executable interpreter, to facilitate the distribution of the application, eliminating the need to install Python on each computer.\n",
+      "The bytecode is stored in files with the extension \". pyc\" (normal bytecode) or \". pyo\" (optimized bytecode). The bytecode can also be packaged along with an executable interpreter, to facilitate the distribution of the application, eliminating the need to install Python on each computer.\n",
       "\n",
       "Interactive Mode\n",
       "----------------\n",
@@ -135,16 +135,16 @@
       "\n",
       "On Windows, the interactive mode is also available via the icon \"Python (command line)\".\n",
       "\n",
-      "The interactive mode is a distinguishing feature of the language, as it is possible to test and modify code snippets code before inclusion in programs, to extract and convert data or even analyze the state of the objects in memory, among other possibilities.\n",
+      "The interactive mode is a distinguishing feature of the language, as it is possible to test and modify code snippets before inclusion in programs, to extract and convert data or even analyze the state of the objects in memory, among other possibilities.\n",
       "\n",
-      "Besides traditional interactive mode of Python, there are other programs that act as alternatives to more sophisticated interfaces (such as <span class=\"note\" title=\"PyCrust is part of wxPython project (http://www.wxpython.org/\">PyCrust</span>):\n",
+      "Besides the traditional interactive mode of Python, there are other programs that act as alternatives to more sophisticated interfaces (such as <span class=\"note\" title=\"PyCrust is part of wxPython project (http://www.wxpython.org/\">PyCrust</span>):\n",
       "![PyCrust](files/pycrust.png)\n",
       "\n",
       "Tools\n",
       "-----------\n",
       "There are many development tools for Python, such as IDEs, editors and shells (that take advantage of the interactive capabilities of Python).\n",
       "\n",
-      "*Integrated Development Environments* (IDEs) are software packages that integrate various development tools in an environment consistent with the goal of increasing developer productivity. Generally, IDEs include such features as syntax highlight (colorized source code according to the syntax of the language), source browsers, integrated shell and *code completion* (the editor presents possible ways to complete the text it can identify while typing).\n",
+      "*Integrated Development Environments* (IDEs) are software packages that integrate various development tools in an environment consistent with the goal of increasing developer productivity. Generally, IDEs include such features as syntax highlighting (colorized source code according to the syntax of the language), source browsers, integrated shell and *code completion* (the editor presents possible ways to complete the text it can identify while typing).\n",
       "Among Python IDEs, there are:\n",
       "\n",
       "+ [PyScripter](http://code.google.com/p/pyscripter/)\n",
@@ -156,14 +156,14 @@
       "\n",
       "There are also text editors specialized in programming code, which have features like syntax colorization, export to other formats and convert text encoding.\n",
       "\n",
-      "These editors support multiple programming languages\u200b\u200b, among them Python:\n",
+      "These editors support multiple programming languages\u200b\u200b, Python among them:\n",
       "\n",
       "+ [SciTE](http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html)\n",
       "+ [Notepad++](http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/br/site.htm)\n",
       "\n",
       "*Shell* is the name given to interactive environments for executing commands that can be used to test small pieces of code and for activities like data crunching (extraction of information of interest in masses of data and subsequent translation to other formats).\n",
       "\n",
-      "Beyond standard Python *Shell*, there are others available:\n",
+      "Beyond the standard Python *Shell*, there are others available:\n",
       "\n",
       "+ PyCrust \n",
       "+ IPython \n",
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
       "\n",
       "*Frameworks* are collections of software components (libraries, utilities and others) that have been designed to be used by other systems.\n",
       "\n",
-      "Some of the most known *frameworks* availbles:\n",
+      "Some of the most known *frameworks* availble are:\n",
       "\n",
       "+ Web: Django, TurboGears, Zope and web2py.\n",
       "+ Graphic interface: wxPython, PyGTK and PyQt.\n",
@@ -189,9 +189,9 @@
       "\n",
       "Culture\n",
       "-------\n",
-      "The name Python was taken by Guido van Rossum from british TV program *Monty Python Flying Circus*, and there are many references to the show in language documentation. For instance, Python oficial package repository was called Cheese Shop, the name of one of the frames of the programa. Currently, the repository name is [Python Package Index](http://pypi.python.org/pypi) (PYPI).\n",
+      "The name Python was taken by Guido van Rossum from british TV program *Monty Python's Flying Circus*, and there are many references to the show in its documentation. For instance, Python's oficial package repository was called Cheese Shop, the name of one of the frames of the program. Currently, the repository name is [Python Package Index](http://pypi.python.org/pypi) (PYPI).\n",
       "\n",
-      "The goals of the project were summarized by Tim Peters in a text called *Zen of Python* , which is available in Python itself using the command:"
+      "The goals of the project was summarized by Tim Peters in a text called *Zen of Python*, which is available in Python itself using the command:"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
       "\n",
       "Proposals for improving the language are called PEPs *(Python Enhancement Proposals)*, which also serve as a reference for new features to be implemented in the language.\n",
       "\n",
-      "In addition to the official website, other good source of information about language is:  [Python Cookbook](http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Python/Cookbook/) site that stores \"recipes\": small portions of code to accomplish specific tasks."
+      "In addition to the official website, other good source of information about the language are:  [Python Cookbook](http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Python/Cookbook/) site that stores \"recipes\": small portions of code to accomplish specific tasks."
      ]
     },
     {

Chapter2/Chapter2_Syntax.ipynb

@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
       "Chapter 2: Syntax\n",
       "===================\n",
       "___________________\n",
-      "A program written in Python consists of lines, which may continue in the following lines, by using the backslash character (`\\`) at the end of the line or parentheses, brackets or braces in expressions that use such characters.\n",
+      "A program written in Python consists of lines, which may continue on the following lines, by using the backslash character (`\\`) at the end of the line or parentheses, brackets or braces in expressions that use such characters.\n",
       "\n",
       "The character `#` marks the beginning of a comment. Any text after the `#` will be ignored until the end of the line, with the exception of functional comments.\n",
       "\n",
-      "Functional comments are used for:\n",
+      "Functional comments are used to:\n",
       "\n",
-      "+ change the encoding of the source file of the program by adding a comment with the text `# - * - coding: <encoding> - # -` at the beginning of the file, in which `<encoding> ` is the file encoding (usually latin1 or utf-8). Change encoding is required to support characters that are not part of the English language, in the source code of the program.\n",
+      "+ change the encoding of the source file of the program by adding a comment with the text `# - * - coding: <encoding> - # -` at the beginning of the file, in which `<encoding> ` is the file encoding (usually latin1 or utf-8). Changing encoding is required to support characters that are not part of the English language, in the source code of the program.\n",
       "+ define the interpreter that will be used to run the program on UNIX systems, through a comment starting with `#!` at the beginning of the file, which indicates the path to the interpreter (usually the comment line will be something like` #! / usr / bin / env python` ).\n",
       "\n",
       "Example of functional comments:"
@@ -96,15 +96,15 @@
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "The command `print` inserts spaces between expressions that are received as a parameter, and a newline character at the end, unless he receives a comma at the end of the parameter list.\n",
+      "The command `print` inserts spaces between expressions that are received as a parameter, and a newline character at the end, unless it receives a comma at the end of the parameter list.\n",
       "\n",
       "Blocks\n",
       "------\n",
-      "In Python, code blocks are defined by the use of indentation, which should be constant in the code block, but it is considered good practice to maintain consistency throughout the project and avoid mixing tabs and <span class = \"note\" title = \"The official recommendation coding style (http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/) is to use four spaces for indentation and this convention is widely accepted by developers.\">spaces</ span >.\n",
+      "In Python, code blocks are defined by the use of indentation, which should be constant in the code block, but it is considered good practice to maintain consistency throughout the project and avoid mixing tabs and <span class = \"note\" title = \"The official recommendation coding style (http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/) is to use four spaces for indentation and this convention is widely accepted by developers.\">spaces</span>.\n",
       "\n",
       "The line before the block always ends with a colon (:) and is a control structure of the language or a statement of a new structure (a function, for example).\n",
       "\n",
-      "![Estrutura de um programa](files/bpyfd_diags2.png)\n",
+      "![Program structure](files/bpyfd_diags2.png)\n",
       "\n",
       "Example:"
      ]

Chapter3/Chapter3_Control_flow.ipynb

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
       "+ `<code block>`: sequence of command lines.\n",
       "+ The clauses `elif` and `else` are optional and\u00a0 several `elifs` for the `if` may be used but only\u00a0 one `else` at the end.\n",
       "+ Parentheses are only required to avoid ambiguity.\n",
-      "Exemplo:"
+      "Example:"
      ]
     },
     {

Chapter4/Chapter4_Loops.ipynb

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
       "\n",
       "For\n",
       "---\n",
-      "It is the repetition structure most often used in the Python. The statement accepts not only static\u00a0sequences, but also sequences generated by iterators. Iterators are structures that allow iterations, ie access to items of a collection of elements, sequentially.\n",
+      "It is the repetition structure most often used in Python. The statement accepts not only static\u00a0sequences, but also sequences generated by iterators. Iterators are structures that allow iterations, i.e. access to items of a collection of elements, sequentially.\n",
       "\n",
       "![Loop Example](files/bpyfd_diags3.png)\n",
       "\n",
-      "During the execution of a *for* loop , the reference points to an element in the sequence. At each iteration, the reference is updated, in order to the *for* code block to process the corresponding element.\n",
+      "During the execution of a *for* loop, the reference points to an element in the sequence. At each iteration, the reference is updated, in order for the *for* code block to process the corresponding element.\n",
       "\n",
       "The clause *break*\u00a0stops the loop and *continue* passes it to the next iteration. The code inside the `else` is executed at the end of the loop, except if the loop has been interrupted by *break*.\n",
       "\n",