diff --git a/.github/workflows/commit.yml b/.github/workflows/commit.yml
index d5948b0f..a069d3cd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/commit.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/commit.yml
@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-20.04, macos-latest, windows-2019]
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04, macos-latest, windows-2019]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-hack
       - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v2
         with:
           version: "23.1"
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Env
         run: |
           env|sort
+          xcodebuild -version
       - name: Build and run tests on windows
         if: runner.os == 'Windows'
         shell: pwsh
@@ -90,51 +92,65 @@ jobs:
 
             popd
           done
+      
 
-      - name: Build
-        if: runner.os != 'Windows'
-        shell: bash
+      - name: Build and Test (Linux)
+        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+        shell: bash -ex {0}
         run: |
-          set +x
           export RUST_BACKTRACE=1 
-
-          cd rust
-          if [ $RUNNER_OS = 'macOS' ]; then
-            brew install openssl@3
-            # Upgrading make is required for cargo to play nicely with building openssl
-            brew install make
-            export PATH="/usr/local/opt/make/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"
-          fi
-          
-          cargo build --verbose --features "strict openssl_vendored" 
-      - name: Test Environment
-        if: runner.os != 'Windows'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set +x
-          if [ $RUNNER_OS = 'macOS' ]; then
-            brew install md5sha1sum
-          fi
-          cd rust
           
           # we need a basic git configuration for the tests to pass
           git config --global user.email operations@xetdata.com
           git config --global user.name "XetData Automation"
-      - name: Test
-        if: runner.os != 'Windows'
-        shell: bash
+          
+          pushd rust
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "strict openssl_vendored"
+          popd
+                    
+          pushd gitxet
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "openssl_vendored"
+          popd
+
+          pushd xetldfs
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "openssl_vendored"
+          popd
+
+      - name: Setup (macOS) 
+        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+        shell: bash -ex {0}
         run: |
-          set +x
-          export RUST_BACKTRACE=1 
+          brew install openssl@3
+
+          # Upgrading make is required for cargo to play nicely with building openssl
+          brew install make
+          export PATH="/usr/local/opt/make/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"
+
+          # Use our own shell to avoid arm64 vs arm64e issues 
+          brew install bash 
           
-          cd rust
-          cargo test --no-fail-fast --features "strict openssl_vendored"
-      - name: Integration tests
-        if: runner.os != 'Windows'
-        shell: bash
+          brew install md5sha1sum
+
+      - name: Build and Test (macOS) 
+        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+        shell: /opt/homebrew/bin/bash -ex {0}
         run: |
-          set +x
-          export RUST_BACKTRACE=1 
+          export PATH="/opt/homebrew/bin/:/usr/local/opt/make/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"
+
+          # we need a basic git configuration for the tests to pass
+          git config --global user.email operations@xetdata.com
+          git config --global user.name "XetData Automation"
+
+          pushd rust
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "strict openssl_vendored"
+          popd
+          
+          pushd gitxet
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "openssl_vendored"
+          popd
           
-          cd gitxet
-          cargo test --no-fail-fast --features "openssl_vendored"
+          # This is dumb. 
+          pushd xetldfs
+          cargo test --verbose --no-fail-fast --features "openssl_vendored" --target=x86_64-apple-darwin
+          popd
+      
diff --git a/gitxet/Cargo.lock b/gitxet/Cargo.lock
index c59ba3f2..e1bf86d9 100644
--- a/gitxet/Cargo.lock
+++ b/gitxet/Cargo.lock
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "allocator-api2"
+version = "0.2.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c6cb57a04249c6480766f7f7cef5467412af1490f8d1e243141daddada3264f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "android-tzdata"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -153,18 +159,18 @@ checksum = "16e62a023e7c117e27523144c5d2459f4397fcc3cab0085af8e2224f643a0193"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-trait"
-version = "0.1.81"
+version = "0.1.80"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6e0c28dcc82d7c8ead5cb13beb15405b57b8546e93215673ff8ca0349a028107"
+checksum = "c6fa2087f2753a7da8cc1c0dbfcf89579dd57458e36769de5ac750b4671737ca"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -178,12 +184,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "atomic"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8d818003e740b63afc82337e3160717f4f63078720a810b7b903e70a5d1d2994"
-dependencies = [
- "bytemuck",
-]
+checksum = "c59bdb34bc650a32731b31bd8f0829cc15d24a708ee31559e0bb34f2bc320cba"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "atomic-waker"
@@ -312,9 +315,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b048fb63fd8b5923fc5aa7b340d8e156aec7ec02f0c78fa8a6ddc2613f6f71de"
+checksum = "cf4b9d6a944f767f8e5e0db018570623c85f3d925ac718db4e06d0187adb21c1"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "blake3"
@@ -444,7 +447,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "http 0.2.12",
  "http-body-util",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.3.1",
  "hyper-rustls",
  "hyper-util",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -477,9 +480,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.0.106"
+version = "1.0.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "066fce287b1d4eafef758e89e09d724a24808a9196fe9756b8ca90e86d0719a2"
+checksum = "96c51067fd44124faa7f870b4b1c969379ad32b2ba805aa959430ceaa384f695"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
@@ -516,7 +519,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
  "serde",
  "wasm-bindgen",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -828,7 +831,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "scratch",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -845,7 +848,7 @@ checksum = "4b2c1c1776b986979be68bb2285da855f8d8a35851a769fca8740df7c3d07877"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1017,9 +1020,9 @@ checksum = "56ce8c6da7551ec6c462cbaf3bfbc75131ebbfa1c944aeaa9dab51ca1c5f0c3b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
-version = "1.13.0"
+version = "1.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "60b1af1c220855b6ceac025d3f6ecdd2b7c4894bfe9cd9bda4fbb4bc7c0d4cf0"
+checksum = "3dca9240753cf90908d7e4aac30f630662b02aebaa1b58a3cadabdb23385b58b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "encoding_rs"
@@ -1039,7 +1042,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1237,7 +1240,7 @@ checksum = "87750cf4b7a4c0625b1529e4c543c2182106e4dedc60a2a6455e00d212c489ac"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1346,7 +1349,7 @@ checksum = "53010ccb100b96a67bc32c0175f0ed1426b31b655d562898e57325f81c023ac0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1354,7 +1357,7 @@ name = "git2"
 version = "0.18.2"
 source = "git+https://github.com/xetdata/git2-rs#dfffd3d1eb9e87a9e7e98b24d0a0f54db664cbcc"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "libc",
  "libgit2-sys",
  "log",
@@ -1463,6 +1466,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "slog-json",
  "snailquote",
  "sorted-vec",
+ "static_assertions",
  "sysinfo",
  "tableau_summary",
  "tabled",
@@ -1546,6 +1550,10 @@ name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.14.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e5274423e17b7c9fc20b6e7e208532f9b19825d82dfd615708b70edd83df41f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash 0.8.11",
+ "allocator-api2",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashers"
@@ -1746,9 +1754,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "1.4.0"
+version = "1.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4fe55fb7a772d59a5ff1dfbff4fe0258d19b89fec4b233e75d35d5d2316badc"
+checksum = "fe575dd17d0862a9a33781c8c4696a55c320909004a67a00fb286ba8b1bc496d"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
@@ -1772,11 +1780,11 @@ checksum = "a0bea761b46ae2b24eb4aef630d8d1c398157b6fc29e6350ecf090a0b70c952c"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "http 1.1.0",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.3.1",
  "hyper-util",
  "log",
  "rustls 0.22.4",
- "rustls-native-certs 0.7.1",
+ "rustls-native-certs 0.7.0",
  "rustls-pki-types",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-rustls 0.25.0",
@@ -1810,16 +1818,16 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper-util"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3ab92f4f49ee4fb4f997c784b7a2e0fa70050211e0b6a287f898c3c9785ca956"
+checksum = "7b875924a60b96e5d7b9ae7b066540b1dd1cbd90d1828f54c92e02a283351c56"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
  "futures-util",
  "http 1.1.0",
  "http-body 1.0.0",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.3.1",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "socket2",
  "tokio",
@@ -1869,12 +1877,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "imara-diff"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "af13c8ceb376860ff0c6a66d83a8cdd4ecd9e464da24621bbffcd02b49619434"
+checksum = "e98c1d0ad70fc91b8b9654b1f33db55e59579d3b3de2bffdced0fdb810570cb8"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash 0.8.11",
- "hashbrown 0.14.5",
+ "hashbrown 0.12.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2013,9 +2021,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lazy_static"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
+checksum = "e2abad23fbc42b3700f2f279844dc832adb2b2eb069b2df918f455c4e18cc646"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "len-trait"
@@ -2063,7 +2071,7 @@ version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c0ff37bd590ca25063e35af745c343cb7a0271906fb7b37e4813e8f79f00268d"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "libc",
 ]
 
@@ -2071,7 +2079,9 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "libxet"
 version = "0.14.5"
 dependencies = [
+ "error_printer",
  "gitxetcore",
+ "merkledb",
  "progress_reporting",
 ]
 
@@ -2131,17 +2141,17 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.22"
+version = "0.4.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a7a70ba024b9dc04c27ea2f0c0548feb474ec5c54bba33a7f72f873a39d07b24"
+checksum = "90ed8c1e510134f979dbc4f070f87d4313098b704861a105fe34231c70a3901c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lru"
-version = "0.7.8"
+version = "0.12.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e999beba7b6e8345721bd280141ed958096a2e4abdf74f67ff4ce49b4b54e47a"
+checksum = "d3262e75e648fce39813cb56ac41f3c3e3f65217ebf3844d818d1f9398cfb0dc"
 dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.12.3",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2324,7 +2334,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2388,7 +2398,7 @@ version = "0.28.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ab2156c4fce2f8df6c499cc1c763e4394b7482525bf2a9701c9d79d215f519e4"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "libc",
@@ -2498,7 +2508,7 @@ version = "0.10.64"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "95a0481286a310808298130d22dd1fef0fa571e05a8f44ec801801e84b216b1f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "foreign-types",
  "libc",
@@ -2515,7 +2525,7 @@ checksum = "a948666b637a0f465e8564c73e89d4dde00d72d4d473cc972f390fc3dcee7d9c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2706,7 +2716,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall 0.5.2",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2767,9 +2777,9 @@ checksum = "e3148f5046208a5d56bcfc03053e3ca6334e51da8dfb19b6cdc8b306fae3283e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest"
-version = "2.7.11"
+version = "2.7.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cd53dff83f26735fdc1ca837098ccf133605d794cdae66acfc2bfac3ec809d95"
+checksum = "560131c633294438da9f7c4b08189194b20946c8274c6b9e38881a7874dc8ee8"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
  "thiserror",
@@ -2778,9 +2788,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_derive"
-version = "2.7.11"
+version = "2.7.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2a548d2beca6773b1c244554d36fcf8548a8a58e74156968211567250e48e49a"
+checksum = "26293c9193fbca7b1a3bf9b79dc1e388e927e6cacaa78b4a3ab705a1d3d41459"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_generator",
@@ -2788,22 +2798,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_generator"
-version = "2.7.11"
+version = "2.7.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3c93a82e8d145725dcbaf44e5ea887c8a869efdcc28706df2d08c69e17077183"
+checksum = "3ec22af7d3fb470a85dd2ca96b7c577a1eb4ef6f1683a9fe9a8c16e136c04687"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_meta",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_meta"
-version = "2.7.11"
+version = "2.7.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a941429fea7e08bedec25e4f6785b6ffaacc6b755da98df5ef3e7dcf4a124c4f"
+checksum = "d7a240022f37c361ec1878d646fc5b7d7c4d28d5946e1a80ad5a7a4f4ca0bdcd"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "pest",
@@ -2850,7 +2860,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "phf_shared",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2879,7 +2889,7 @@ checksum = "2f38a4412a78282e09a2cf38d195ea5420d15ba0602cb375210efbc877243965"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2960,7 +2970,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5f12335488a2f3b0a83b14edad48dca9879ce89b2edd10e80237e4e852dd645e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3059,7 +3069,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prost",
  "prost-types",
  "regex",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
@@ -3073,7 +3083,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.12.1",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3211,7 +3221,7 @@ version = "0.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c82cf8cff14456045f55ec4241383baeff27af886adb72ffb2162f99911de0fd"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3449,7 +3459,7 @@ version = "0.38.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "70dc5ec042f7a43c4a73241207cecc9873a06d45debb38b329f8541d85c2730f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys",
@@ -3477,7 +3487,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "ring 0.17.8",
  "rustls-pki-types",
- "rustls-webpki 0.102.5",
+ "rustls-webpki 0.102.4",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -3496,9 +3506,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-native-certs"
-version = "0.7.1"
+version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a88d6d420651b496bdd98684116959239430022a115c1240e6c3993be0b15fba"
+checksum = "8f1fb85efa936c42c6d5fc28d2629bb51e4b2f4b8a5211e297d599cc5a093792"
 dependencies = [
  "openssl-probe",
  "rustls-pemfile 2.1.2",
@@ -3544,9 +3554,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-webpki"
-version = "0.102.5"
+version = "0.102.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f9a6fccd794a42c2c105b513a2f62bc3fd8f3ba57a4593677ceb0bd035164d78"
+checksum = "ff448f7e92e913c4b7d4c6d8e4540a1724b319b4152b8aef6d4cf8339712b33e"
 dependencies = [
  "ring 0.17.8",
  "rustls-pki-types",
@@ -3617,7 +3627,7 @@ version = "2.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c627723fd09706bacdb5cf41499e95098555af3c3c29d014dc3c458ef6be11c0"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "core-foundation",
  "core-foundation-sys",
  "libc",
@@ -3642,29 +3652,29 @@ checksum = "61697e0a1c7e512e84a621326239844a24d8207b4669b41bc18b32ea5cbf988b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.204"
+version = "1.0.203"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bc76f558e0cbb2a839d37354c575f1dc3fdc6546b5be373ba43d95f231bf7c12"
+checksum = "7253ab4de971e72fb7be983802300c30b5a7f0c2e56fab8abfc6a214307c0094"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.204"
+version = "1.0.203"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e0cd7e117be63d3c3678776753929474f3b04a43a080c744d6b0ae2a8c28e222"
+checksum = "500cbc0ebeb6f46627f50f3f5811ccf6bf00643be300b4c3eabc0ef55dc5b5ba"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.120"
+version = "1.0.117"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4e0d21c9a8cae1235ad58a00c11cb40d4b1e5c784f1ef2c537876ed6ffd8b7c5"
+checksum = "455182ea6142b14f93f4bc5320a2b31c1f266b66a4a5c858b013302a5d8cbfc3"
 dependencies = [
  "itoa",
  "ryu",
@@ -3902,6 +3912,12 @@ version = "0.9.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6980e8d7511241f8acf4aebddbb1ff938df5eebe98691418c4468d0b72a96a67"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "static_assertions"
+version = "1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
 version = "0.8.0"
@@ -3959,9 +3975,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "subtle"
-version = "2.6.1"
+version = "2.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "13c2bddecc57b384dee18652358fb23172facb8a2c51ccc10d74c157bdea3292"
+checksum = "0d0208408ba0c3df17ed26eb06992cb1a1268d41b2c0e12e65203fbe3972cee5"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
@@ -3976,9 +3992,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.69"
+version = "2.0.67"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "201fcda3845c23e8212cd466bfebf0bd20694490fc0356ae8e428e0824a915a6"
+checksum = "ff8655ed1d86f3af4ee3fd3263786bc14245ad17c4c7e85ba7187fb3ae028c90"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4152,7 +4168,7 @@ checksum = "46c3384250002a6d5af4d114f2845d37b57521033f30d5c3f46c4d70e1197533"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4220,9 +4236,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
-version = "1.7.0"
+version = "1.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ce6b6a2fb3a985e99cebfaefa9faa3024743da73304ca1c683a36429613d3d22"
+checksum = "87cc5ceb3875bb20c2890005a4e226a4651264a5c75edb2421b52861a0a0cb50"
 dependencies = [
  "tinyvec_macros",
 ]
@@ -4270,7 +4286,7 @@ checksum = "5f5ae998a069d4b5aba8ee9dad856af7d520c3699e6159b185c2acd48155d39a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4402,7 +4418,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "prost-build",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4457,7 +4473,7 @@ checksum = "34704c8d6ebcbc939824180af020566b01a7c01f80641264eba0999f6c2b6be7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4575,7 +4591,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "04659ddb06c87d233c566112c1c9c5b9e98256d9af50ec3bc9c8327f873a7568"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4710,9 +4726,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.9.1"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5de17fd2f7da591098415cff336e12965a28061ddace43b59cb3c430179c9439"
+checksum = "a183cf7feeba97b4dd1c0d46788634f6221d87fa961b305bed08c851829efcc0"
 dependencies = [
  "atomic",
  "getrandom",
@@ -4810,7 +4826,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -4844,7 +4860,7 @@ checksum = "e94f17b526d0a461a191c78ea52bbce64071ed5c04c9ffe424dcb38f74171bb7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -4919,7 +4935,7 @@ version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "33ab640c8d7e35bf8ba19b884ba838ceb4fba93a4e8c65a9059d08afcfc683d9"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4937,7 +4953,7 @@ version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4957,18 +4973,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
+checksum = "6f0713a46559409d202e70e28227288446bf7841d3211583a4b53e3f6d96e7eb"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.5",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.5",
  "windows_i686_gnullvm",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4979,9 +4995,9 @@ checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
+checksum = "7088eed71e8b8dda258ecc8bac5fb1153c5cffaf2578fc8ff5d61e23578d3263"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
@@ -4991,9 +5007,9 @@ checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
+checksum = "9985fd1504e250c615ca5f281c3f7a6da76213ebd5ccc9561496568a2752afb6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
@@ -5003,15 +5019,15 @@ checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
+checksum = "88ba073cf16d5372720ec942a8ccbf61626074c6d4dd2e745299726ce8b89670"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
+checksum = "87f4261229030a858f36b459e748ae97545d6f1ec60e5e0d6a3d32e0dc232ee9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
@@ -5021,9 +5037,9 @@ checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
+checksum = "db3c2bf3d13d5b658be73463284eaf12830ac9a26a90c717b7f771dfe97487bf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
@@ -5033,9 +5049,9 @@ checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
+checksum = "4e4246f76bdeff09eb48875a0fd3e2af6aada79d409d33011886d3e1581517d9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
@@ -5045,9 +5061,9 @@ checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
+checksum = "852298e482cd67c356ddd9570386e2862b5673c85bd5f88df9ab6802b334c596"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
@@ -5057,9 +5073,9 @@ checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.52.6"
+version = "0.52.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
+checksum = "bec47e5bfd1bff0eeaf6d8b485cc1074891a197ab4225d504cb7a1ab88b02bf0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winreg"
@@ -5077,7 +5093,7 @@ version = "1.0.50"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5111,22 +5127,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.7.35"
+version = "0.7.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b9b4fd18abc82b8136838da5d50bae7bdea537c574d8dc1a34ed098d6c166f0"
+checksum = "ae87e3fcd617500e5d106f0380cf7b77f3c6092aae37191433159dda23cfb087"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.7.35"
+version = "0.7.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fa4f8080344d4671fb4e831a13ad1e68092748387dfc4f55e356242fae12ce3e"
+checksum = "15e934569e47891f7d9411f1a451d947a60e000ab3bd24fbb970f000387d1b3b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.69",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/libxet/Cargo.lock b/libxet/Cargo.lock
index 7a74f91c..26f28ce7 100644
--- a/libxet/Cargo.lock
+++ b/libxet/Cargo.lock
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "allocator-api2"
+version = "0.2.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c6cb57a04249c6480766f7f7cef5467412af1490f8d1e243141daddada3264f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "android-tzdata"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -132,18 +138,18 @@ checksum = "16e62a023e7c117e27523144c5d2459f4397fcc3cab0085af8e2224f643a0193"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-trait"
-version = "0.1.80"
+version = "0.1.81"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c6fa2087f2753a7da8cc1c0dbfcf89579dd57458e36769de5ac750b4671737ca"
+checksum = "6e0c28dcc82d7c8ead5cb13beb15405b57b8546e93215673ff8ca0349a028107"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -200,7 +206,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "http 0.2.12",
  "http-body 0.4.6",
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "itoa",
  "matchit",
  "memchr",
@@ -412,7 +418,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "http 0.2.12",
  "http-body-util",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.4.1",
  "hyper-rustls",
  "hyper-util",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -445,9 +451,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.0.104"
+version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "74b6a57f98764a267ff415d50a25e6e166f3831a5071af4995296ea97d210490"
+checksum = "eaff6f8ce506b9773fa786672d63fc7a191ffea1be33f72bbd4aeacefca9ffc8"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
@@ -484,7 +490,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
  "serde",
  "wasm-bindgen",
- "windows-targets 0.52.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -796,7 +802,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "scratch",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -813,7 +819,7 @@ checksum = "4b2c1c1776b986979be68bb2285da855f8d8a35851a769fca8740df7c3d07877"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -995,7 +1001,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1043,6 +1049,21 @@ version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9fc0510504f03c51ada170672ac806f1f105a88aa97a5281117e1ddc3368e51a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "file_utils"
+version = "0.14.2"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "colored",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "tempfile",
+ "tracing",
+ "whoami",
+ "winapi",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "filetime"
 version = "0.2.23"
@@ -1168,7 +1189,7 @@ checksum = "87750cf4b7a4c0625b1529e4c543c2182106e4dedc60a2a6455e00d212c489ac"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1277,7 +1298,7 @@ checksum = "53010ccb100b96a67bc32c0175f0ed1426b31b655d562898e57325f81c023ac0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1319,6 +1340,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "enum_dispatch",
  "error_printer",
  "fallible-iterator",
+ "file_utils",
  "filetime",
  "futures",
  "futures-core",
@@ -1374,6 +1396,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "slog-json",
  "snailquote",
  "sorted-vec",
+ "static_assertions",
  "sysinfo",
  "tableau_summary",
  "tabled",
@@ -1457,6 +1480,10 @@ name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.14.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e5274423e17b7c9fc20b6e7e208532f9b19825d82dfd615708b70edd83df41f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash 0.8.11",
+ "allocator-api2",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashers"
@@ -1633,9 +1660,9 @@ checksum = "9a3a5bfb195931eeb336b2a7b4d761daec841b97f947d34394601737a7bba5e4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "0.14.29"
+version = "0.14.30"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f361cde2f109281a220d4307746cdfd5ee3f410da58a70377762396775634b33"
+checksum = "a152ddd61dfaec7273fe8419ab357f33aee0d914c5f4efbf0d96fa749eea5ec9"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
@@ -1657,9 +1684,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "1.4.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4fe55fb7a772d59a5ff1dfbff4fe0258d19b89fec4b233e75d35d5d2316badc"
+checksum = "50dfd22e0e76d0f662d429a5f80fcaf3855009297eab6a0a9f8543834744ba05"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
@@ -1683,11 +1710,11 @@ checksum = "a0bea761b46ae2b24eb4aef630d8d1c398157b6fc29e6350ecf090a0b70c952c"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "http 1.1.0",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.4.1",
  "hyper-util",
  "log",
  "rustls 0.22.4",
- "rustls-native-certs 0.7.0",
+ "rustls-native-certs 0.7.1",
  "rustls-pki-types",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-rustls 0.25.0",
@@ -1700,7 +1727,7 @@ version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "bbb958482e8c7be4bc3cf272a766a2b0bf1a6755e7a6ae777f017a31d11b13b1"
 dependencies = [
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-io-timeout",
@@ -1713,7 +1740,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d6183ddfa99b85da61a140bea0efc93fdf56ceaa041b37d553518030827f9905"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "native-tls",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-native-tls",
@@ -1730,7 +1757,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "http 1.1.0",
  "http-body 1.0.0",
- "hyper 1.4.0",
+ "hyper 1.4.1",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "socket2",
  "tokio",
@@ -1780,12 +1807,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "imara-diff"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e98c1d0ad70fc91b8b9654b1f33db55e59579d3b3de2bffdced0fdb810570cb8"
+checksum = "af13c8ceb376860ff0c6a66d83a8cdd4ecd9e464da24621bbffcd02b49619434"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash 0.8.11",
- "hashbrown 0.12.3",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1982,7 +2009,9 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "libxet"
 version = "0.14.5"
 dependencies = [
+ "error_printer",
  "gitxetcore",
+ "merkledb",
  "progress_reporting",
 ]
 
@@ -2048,11 +2077,11 @@ checksum = "a7a70ba024b9dc04c27ea2f0c0548feb474ec5c54bba33a7f72f873a39d07b24"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lru"
-version = "0.7.8"
+version = "0.12.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e999beba7b6e8345721bd280141ed958096a2e4abdf74f67ff4ce49b4b54e47a"
+checksum = "d3262e75e648fce39813cb56ac41f3c3e3f65217ebf3844d818d1f9398cfb0dc"
 dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.12.3",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2235,7 +2264,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2420,7 +2449,7 @@ checksum = "a948666b637a0f465e8564c73e89d4dde00d72d4d473cc972f390fc3dcee7d9c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2611,7 +2640,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall 0.5.2",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-targets 0.52.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2672,9 +2701,9 @@ checksum = "e3148f5046208a5d56bcfc03053e3ca6334e51da8dfb19b6cdc8b306fae3283e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest"
-version = "2.7.10"
+version = "2.7.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "560131c633294438da9f7c4b08189194b20946c8274c6b9e38881a7874dc8ee8"
+checksum = "cd53dff83f26735fdc1ca837098ccf133605d794cdae66acfc2bfac3ec809d95"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
  "thiserror",
@@ -2683,9 +2712,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_derive"
-version = "2.7.10"
+version = "2.7.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26293c9193fbca7b1a3bf9b79dc1e388e927e6cacaa78b4a3ab705a1d3d41459"
+checksum = "2a548d2beca6773b1c244554d36fcf8548a8a58e74156968211567250e48e49a"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_generator",
@@ -2693,22 +2722,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_generator"
-version = "2.7.10"
+version = "2.7.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3ec22af7d3fb470a85dd2ca96b7c577a1eb4ef6f1683a9fe9a8c16e136c04687"
+checksum = "3c93a82e8d145725dcbaf44e5ea887c8a869efdcc28706df2d08c69e17077183"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_meta",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_meta"
-version = "2.7.10"
+version = "2.7.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d7a240022f37c361ec1878d646fc5b7d7c4d28d5946e1a80ad5a7a4f4ca0bdcd"
+checksum = "a941429fea7e08bedec25e4f6785b6ffaacc6b755da98df5ef3e7dcf4a124c4f"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "pest",
@@ -2755,7 +2784,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "phf_shared",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2784,7 +2813,7 @@ checksum = "2f38a4412a78282e09a2cf38d195ea5420d15ba0602cb375210efbc877243965"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2854,7 +2883,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5f12335488a2f3b0a83b14edad48dca9879ce89b2edd10e80237e4e852dd645e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2953,7 +2982,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prost",
  "prost-types",
  "regex",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
@@ -2967,7 +2996,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.12.1",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3186,7 +3215,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "h2 0.3.26",
  "http 0.2.12",
  "http-body 0.4.6",
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "hyper-tls",
  "ipnet",
  "js-sys",
@@ -3340,7 +3369,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "ring 0.17.8",
  "rustls-pki-types",
- "rustls-webpki 0.102.4",
+ "rustls-webpki 0.102.5",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -3359,9 +3388,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-native-certs"
-version = "0.7.0"
+version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8f1fb85efa936c42c6d5fc28d2629bb51e4b2f4b8a5211e297d599cc5a093792"
+checksum = "a88d6d420651b496bdd98684116959239430022a115c1240e6c3993be0b15fba"
 dependencies = [
  "openssl-probe",
  "rustls-pemfile 2.1.2",
@@ -3407,9 +3436,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-webpki"
-version = "0.102.4"
+version = "0.102.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ff448f7e92e913c4b7d4c6d8e4540a1724b319b4152b8aef6d4cf8339712b33e"
+checksum = "f9a6fccd794a42c2c105b513a2f62bc3fd8f3ba57a4593677ceb0bd035164d78"
 dependencies = [
  "ring 0.17.8",
  "rustls-pki-types",
@@ -3499,22 +3528,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.203"
+version = "1.0.204"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7253ab4de971e72fb7be983802300c30b5a7f0c2e56fab8abfc6a214307c0094"
+checksum = "bc76f558e0cbb2a839d37354c575f1dc3fdc6546b5be373ba43d95f231bf7c12"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.203"
+version = "1.0.204"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "500cbc0ebeb6f46627f50f3f5811ccf6bf00643be300b4c3eabc0ef55dc5b5ba"
+checksum = "e0cd7e117be63d3c3678776753929474f3b04a43a080c744d6b0ae2a8c28e222"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3597,7 +3626,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap 2.34.0",
  "heed",
  "http 0.2.12",
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
  "lazy_static",
  "mdb_shard",
@@ -3759,6 +3788,12 @@ version = "0.9.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6980e8d7511241f8acf4aebddbb1ff938df5eebe98691418c4468d0b72a96a67"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "static_assertions"
+version = "1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
 version = "0.8.0"
@@ -3833,9 +3868,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.68"
+version = "2.0.70"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "901fa70d88b9d6c98022e23b4136f9f3e54e4662c3bc1bd1d84a42a9a0f0c1e9"
+checksum = "2f0209b68b3613b093e0ec905354eccaedcfe83b8cb37cbdeae64026c3064c16"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4009,7 +4044,7 @@ checksum = "46c3384250002a6d5af4d114f2845d37b57521033f30d5c3f46c4d70e1197533"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4077,9 +4112,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
-version = "1.6.1"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c55115c6fbe2d2bef26eb09ad74bde02d8255476fc0c7b515ef09fbb35742d82"
+checksum = "445e881f4f6d382d5f27c034e25eb92edd7c784ceab92a0937db7f2e9471b938"
 dependencies = [
  "tinyvec_macros",
 ]
@@ -4127,7 +4162,7 @@ checksum = "5f5ae998a069d4b5aba8ee9dad856af7d520c3699e6159b185c2acd48155d39a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4219,7 +4254,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "h2 0.3.26",
  "http 0.2.12",
  "http-body 0.4.6",
- "hyper 0.14.29",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
  "hyper-timeout",
  "percent-encoding",
  "pin-project",
@@ -4246,7 +4281,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "prost-build",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4301,7 +4336,7 @@ checksum = "34704c8d6ebcbc939824180af020566b01a7c01f80641264eba0999f6c2b6be7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4419,7 +4454,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "04659ddb06c87d233c566112c1c9c5b9e98256d9af50ec3bc9c8327f873a7568"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4554,9 +4589,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.9.1"
+version = "1.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5de17fd2f7da591098415cff336e12965a28061ddace43b59cb3c430179c9439"
+checksum = "81dfa00651efa65069b0b6b651f4aaa31ba9e3c3ce0137aaad053604ee7e0314"
 dependencies = [
  "atomic",
  "getrandom",
@@ -4645,7 +4680,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -4679,7 +4714,7 @@ checksum = "e94f17b526d0a461a191c78ea52bbce64071ed5c04c9ffe424dcb38f74171bb7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -4754,7 +4789,7 @@ version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "33ab640c8d7e35bf8ba19b884ba838ceb4fba93a4e8c65a9059d08afcfc683d9"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4772,7 +4807,7 @@ version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4792,18 +4827,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6f0713a46559409d202e70e28227288446bf7841d3211583a4b53e3f6d96e7eb"
+checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.5",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.5",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
  "windows_i686_gnullvm",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.5",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.5",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.5",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.5",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4814,9 +4849,9 @@ checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7088eed71e8b8dda258ecc8bac5fb1153c5cffaf2578fc8ff5d61e23578d3263"
+checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
@@ -4826,9 +4861,9 @@ checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9985fd1504e250c615ca5f281c3f7a6da76213ebd5ccc9561496568a2752afb6"
+checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
@@ -4838,15 +4873,15 @@ checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "88ba073cf16d5372720ec942a8ccbf61626074c6d4dd2e745299726ce8b89670"
+checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "87f4261229030a858f36b459e748ae97545d6f1ec60e5e0d6a3d32e0dc232ee9"
+checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
@@ -4856,9 +4891,9 @@ checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "db3c2bf3d13d5b658be73463284eaf12830ac9a26a90c717b7f771dfe97487bf"
+checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
@@ -4868,9 +4903,9 @@ checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4e4246f76bdeff09eb48875a0fd3e2af6aada79d409d33011886d3e1581517d9"
+checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
@@ -4880,9 +4915,9 @@ checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "852298e482cd67c356ddd9570386e2862b5673c85bd5f88df9ab6802b334c596"
+checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
@@ -4892,9 +4927,9 @@ checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.52.5"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bec47e5bfd1bff0eeaf6d8b485cc1074891a197ab4225d504cb7a1ab88b02bf0"
+checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winreg"
@@ -4912,7 +4947,7 @@ version = "1.0.50"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4946,22 +4981,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.7.34"
+version = "0.7.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae87e3fcd617500e5d106f0380cf7b77f3c6092aae37191433159dda23cfb087"
+checksum = "1b9b4fd18abc82b8136838da5d50bae7bdea537c574d8dc1a34ed098d6c166f0"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.7.34"
+version = "0.7.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "15e934569e47891f7d9411f1a451d947a60e000ab3bd24fbb970f000387d1b3b"
+checksum = "fa4f8080344d4671fb4e831a13ad1e68092748387dfc4f55e356242fae12ce3e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.68",
+ "syn 2.0.70",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/libxet/Cargo.toml b/libxet/Cargo.toml
index f5559e8d..ad57498b 100644
--- a/libxet/Cargo.toml
+++ b/libxet/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 gitxetcore = { path = "../rust/gitxetcore" }
+merkledb = { path = "../rust/merkledb" }
 progress_reporting = { path = "../rust/progress_reporting" }
+error_printer = { path = "../rust/error_printer" }
 
 [features]
 openssl_vendored = ["gitxetcore/openssl_vendored"]
@@ -25,4 +27,3 @@ debug = "full"
 inherits = "dev"
 opt-level = 1
 debug = 1
-
diff --git a/libxet/src/lib.rs b/libxet/src/lib.rs
index 970884b3..854a03c3 100644
--- a/libxet/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libxet/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,5 +6,7 @@
 
 // Add more exports as needed here.
 //
+pub use error_printer::ErrorPrinter;
 pub use gitxetcore::*;
+pub use merkledb;
 pub use progress_reporting;
diff --git a/rust/cache/Cargo.toml b/rust/cache/Cargo.toml
index 5438000f..9bed6179 100644
--- a/rust/cache/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/cache/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,18 +6,18 @@ edition = "2021"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
-utils = {path = "../utils"}
+utils = { path = "../utils" }
 tokio = { version = "1.36", features = ["full"] }
 async-trait = "0.1.9"
 base64 = "0.13.0"
-lru = "0.7.3"
-xet_error = {path = "../xet_error"}
+lru = "0.12"
+xet_error = { path = "../xet_error" }
 anyhow = "1"
 tracing = "0.1.31"
 tracing-attributes = "0.1"
 tracing-futures = "0.2"
 tracing-test = "0.2.1"
-tracing-subscriber = {version = "0.3", features = ["json", "tracing-log"]}
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["json", "tracing-log"] }
 mockall = "0.11"
 chrono = "0.4"
 tempfile = "3.2.0"
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ prometheus = "0.13.0"
 tempdir = "0.3.7"
 rand = "0.8.5"
 test-context = "0.1.3"
-merklehash = { path = "../merklehash"} 
+merklehash = { path = "../merklehash" }
 
 [features]
 strict = []
diff --git a/rust/cache/src/lru.rs b/rust/cache/src/lru.rs
index 17d74bcd..de46d6eb 100644
--- a/rust/cache/src/lru.rs
+++ b/rust/cache/src/lru.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ impl<K: Eq + Hash + Clone, V: Clone> Default for Lru<K, V> {
 impl<K: Eq + Hash + Clone, V: Clone> Lru<K, V> {
     pub fn new(capacity: usize, duration_minutes: i64, name: &str) -> Self {
         Self {
-            lru: LruCache::new(capacity),
+            lru: LruCache::new(std::num::NonZero::new(capacity.max(1)).unwrap()),
             duration: {
                 #[allow(deprecated)] // Sometimes the linter seems to hate this....
                 Duration::minutes(duration_minutes)
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/Cargo.toml b/rust/gitxetcore/Cargo.toml
index f516ae63..5f215ea7 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/Cargo.toml
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ libmagic = { path = "../libmagic" }
 sorted-vec = "0.8.0"
 bincode = "1.3.3"
 enum_dispatch = "0.3.8"
-lru = "0.7.8"
+lru = "0.12"
 intaglio = "1.8.0, <1.9.0"
 walkdir = "2"
 filetime = "0.2"
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ uuid = { version = "1.8.0", features = ["std", "rng", "v6"] }
 lz4 = "1.24.0"
 git-url-parse = "0.4.4"
 path-absolutize = "3.1.1" # Can drop after rust 1.79
+static_assertions = "1.1.0"
 
 # tracing
 tracing-futures = "0.2"
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/materialize.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/materialize.rs
index 2098e42f..59de6371 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/materialize.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/materialize.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
-use crate::data::PointerFile;
+use crate::data::smudge_pointerfile_to_itself;
 use clap::Args;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use lazy::lazy_pathlist_config::{check_or_create_lazy_config, LazyPathListConfigFile};
 use parutils::tokio_par_for_each;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::BufWriter;
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use tracing::error;
 
-use crate::constants::{MAX_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS, POINTER_FILE_LIMIT};
+use crate::constants::MAX_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS;
 use crate::data::PointerFileTranslator;
 use crate::errors::Result;
 use crate::git_integration::{filter_files_from_index, walk_working_dir, GitXetRepo};
@@ -88,7 +86,7 @@ pub async fn materialize_command(cfg: XetConfig, args: &MaterializeArgs) -> Resu
         *MAX_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS,
         |path, _| async move {
             let translator = translator_ref.clone();
-            smudge_file_to_itself(&translator, &path).await
+            smudge_pointerfile_to_itself(&translator, &path).await
         },
     )
     .await
@@ -106,33 +104,3 @@ pub async fn materialize_command(cfg: XetConfig, args: &MaterializeArgs) -> Resu
 
     Ok(())
 }
-
-/// Smudge a pointer file and overwrite itself
-async fn smudge_file_to_itself(
-    translator: &PointerFileTranslator,
-    path: &Path,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let size = std::fs::metadata(path)?.len();
-
-    // quick check if likely a pointer file
-    if size > POINTER_FILE_LIMIT as u64 {
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    let pointer_file = PointerFile::init_from_path(path.to_str().unwrap_or_default());
-
-    // not a pointer file, leave it as it is.
-    if !pointer_file.is_valid() {
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    let file_hash = pointer_file.hash()?;
-
-    let mut writer = Box::new(BufWriter::new(File::create(path)?));
-
-    translator
-        .smudge_file_from_hash(Some(path.to_owned()), &file_hash, &mut writer, None)
-        .await?;
-
-    Ok(())
-}
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/summary.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/summary.rs
index cb8dbf5e..89e073b0 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/summary.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/command/summary.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-use std::io::stdin;
-use std::{
-    fs,
-    path::{Path, PathBuf},
-};
-
 use clap::{Args, Subcommand};
 use serde::Serialize;
+use std::io::stdin;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use tracing::warn;
 
 use chunkpipe::pipe;
@@ -156,15 +152,10 @@ async fn print_summary(
     summary_type: &SummaryType,
     file_path: &Path,
 ) -> errors::Result<()> {
-    // first, see if the input file is a pointer file
-    let size = fs::metadata(file_path)?.len();
-    if size <= POINTER_FILE_LIMIT as u64 {
-        // see if it's a pointer
-        let file_path_str = file_path.to_string_lossy().to_string();
-        let pointer_file = PointerFile::init_from_path(&file_path_str);
-        if pointer_file.is_valid() {
-            return print_summary_from_db(config, &pointer_file, summary_type).await;
-        }
+    // see if it's a pointer
+    let pointer_file = PointerFile::init_from_path(file_path);
+    if pointer_file.is_valid() {
+        return print_summary_from_db(config, &pointer_file, summary_type).await;
     }
     // fall through. Non-pointer.
     match summary_type {
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/authentication.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/authentication.rs
index df25390d..8f28058b 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/authentication.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/authentication.rs
@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tracing::info;
 
+use crate::environment::CommandSanitized;
+
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct XeteaAuth {}
 
 fn exec_git_credential(command: &str) -> Result<std::process::Child> {
-    Ok(Command::new("git")
+    Ok(Command::new_sanitized("git")
         .args(["credential", command])
         .env("GCM_INTERACTIVE", "never")
         .env("GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT", "0")
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/git_path.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/git_path.rs
index 82a4a1f7..5884ba2e 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/git_path.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/config/git_path.rs
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ mod test_git_config_path {
     fn test_discover_into_git_path() {
         let tmp_repo = git_repo_test_tools::TestRepoPath::new("git-path-discover").unwrap();
         let path = tmp_repo.path;
-        let expected_path = path.join(".git");
         run_git_captured(Some(&path), "init", &[], true, None).unwrap();
+        let expected_path = path.join(".git").canonicalize().unwrap(); // need canonical path since MacOS symlinks /var -> /private/var
         let cfg_option = ConfigGitPathOption::PathDiscover(path);
         let git_path = cfg_option.into_git_path().unwrap();
         assert_eq!(expected_path, git_path);
@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ mod test_git_config_path {
         let tmp_repo = git_repo_test_tools::TestRepoPath::new("into_repo_info").unwrap();
         let path = tmp_repo.path;
         run_git_captured(Some(&path), "init", &[], true, None).unwrap();
-        let expected_path = path.join(".git");
+        let expected_path = path.join(".git").canonicalize().unwrap(); // need canonical path since MacOS symlinks /var -> /private/var
+
         // Add a remote repo
         let repo_url = "https://xethub.com/org/repo";
         add_remote_repo(&path, "origin", repo_url);
@@ -172,7 +173,8 @@ mod test_git_config_path {
         let tmp_repo = git_repo_test_tools::TestRepoPath::new("into_repo_info_multi").unwrap();
         let path = tmp_repo.path;
         run_git_captured(Some(&path), "init", &[], true, None).unwrap();
-        let expected_path = path.join(".git");
+        let expected_path = path.join(".git").canonicalize().unwrap(); // need canonical path since MacOS symlinks /var -> /private/var
+
         // Add a couple remote repos
         let origin_url = "https://xethub.com/org/repo";
         add_remote_repo(&path, "origin", origin_url);
@@ -191,7 +193,8 @@ mod test_git_config_path {
         let tmp_repo = git_repo_test_tools::TestRepoPath::new("into_repo_info_multi_same").unwrap();
         let path = tmp_repo.path;
         run_git_captured(Some(&path), "init", &[], true, None).unwrap();
-        let expected_path = path.join(".git");
+        let expected_path = path.join(".git").canonicalize().unwrap(); // need canonical path since MacOS symlinks /var -> /private/var
+
         // Add a couple remote repos
         let origin_url = "https://xethub.com/org/repo";
         add_remote_repo(&path, "origin", origin_url);
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/constants.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/constants.rs
index b3d33556..dd8c901c 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/constants.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/constants.rs
@@ -34,10 +34,9 @@ pub const GIT_MAX_PACKET_SIZE: usize = 65516;
 
 /// We put a limit on the pointer file size so that
 /// we don't ever try to read a whole giant blob into memory when
-/// trying to clean. The maximum git packet size is 65516.
-/// By setting this threshold to 65515, we can ensure that reading exactly
-/// 1 packet is enough to determine if it is a valid pointer file.
-pub const POINTER_FILE_LIMIT: usize = GIT_MAX_PACKET_SIZE - 1;
+/// trying to clean or smudge.
+/// See gitxetcore::data::pointer_file for the explanation for this limit.
+pub const POINTER_FILE_LIMIT: usize = 150;
 
 /// If a file has size smaller than this threshold, AND if it "looks-like"
 /// text, we interpret this as a text file and passthrough the file, letting
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/data_processing_v1.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/data_processing_v1.rs
index 2ec41e6c..095a7426 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/data_processing_v1.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/data_processing_v1.rs
@@ -130,8 +130,12 @@ impl PointerFileTranslatorV1 {
             small_file_threshold: config.cas.size_threshold,
             cas_accumulator: Arc::new(Mutex::new(CasAccumulator::default())),
             prefetches: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT))),
-            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT)),
+            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            ))),
+            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            )),
             cfg: config.clone(),
             lazyconfig,
         })
@@ -152,8 +156,12 @@ impl PointerFileTranslatorV1 {
             small_file_threshold: config.cas.size_threshold,
             cas_accumulator: Arc::new(Mutex::new(CasAccumulator::default())),
             prefetches: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT))),
-            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT)),
+            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            ))),
+            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            )),
             cfg: config.clone(),
             lazyconfig: None,
         })
@@ -830,8 +838,12 @@ impl PointerFileTranslatorV1 {
             small_file_threshold: crate::constants::SMALL_FILE_THRESHOLD,
             cas_accumulator: Arc::new(Mutex::new(CasAccumulator::default())),
             prefetches: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT))),
-            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT)),
+            prefetched: Arc::new(Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(PREFETCH_TRACK_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            ))),
+            derive_blocks_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(DERIVE_BLOCKS_CACHE_COUNT).unwrap(),
+            )),
             cfg: XetConfig::default(),
             lazyconfig: None,
         }
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/pointer_file.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/pointer_file.rs
index 572ea478..a3c2f5d1 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/pointer_file.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/pointer_file.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 #![cfg_attr(feature = "strict", deny(warnings))]
-
-use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fs, path::Path};
-
-use crate::errors::Result;
 use merklehash::{DataHashHexParseError, MerkleHash};
+use static_assertions::const_assert;
+use std::{
+    collections::BTreeMap,
+    fs::{self, File},
+    io::BufWriter,
+    path::Path,
+};
 use toml::Value;
-use tracing::{error, warn};
+use tracing::{debug, error, warn};
 
+use super::PointerFileTranslator;
+use crate::errors::Result;
 use crate::{constants::POINTER_FILE_LIMIT, stream::data_iterators::AsyncDataIterator};
 
 const HEADER_PREFIX: &str = "# xet version ";
@@ -123,19 +128,37 @@ impl PointerFile {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn init_from_path(path: &str) -> PointerFile {
+    /// Initialize a pointer file by the contents in the file.
+    /// This will quickly check the file size before trying to read the
+    /// entire file. Any I/O failure or file size exceeding a limit means
+    /// an invalid pointer file.
+    pub fn init_from_path(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> PointerFile {
+        let path = path.as_ref().to_str().unwrap();
         let empty_string = "".to_string();
-        let contents = match fs::read_to_string(path) {
-            Ok(s) => s,
-            Err(_) => {
-                return PointerFile {
-                    version_string: empty_string.clone(),
-                    path: path.to_string(),
-                    is_valid: false,
-                    hash: empty_string,
-                    filesize: 0,
-                }
-            }
+
+        let invalid_pointer_file = || PointerFile {
+            version_string: empty_string.clone(),
+            path: path.to_owned(),
+            is_valid: false,
+            hash: empty_string,
+            filesize: 0,
+        };
+
+        let Ok(file_meta) = fs::metadata(path).map_err(|e| {
+            debug!("fs:metadata failed: {e:?}");
+            e
+        }) else {
+            return invalid_pointer_file();
+        };
+        if file_meta.len() > POINTER_FILE_LIMIT as u64 {
+            debug!("filesize: {}", file_meta.len());
+            return invalid_pointer_file();
+        }
+        let Ok(contents) = fs::read_to_string(path).map_err(|e| {
+            debug!("fs:read_to_string failed: {e:?}");
+            e
+        }) else {
+            return invalid_pointer_file();
         };
 
         PointerFile::init_from_string(&contents, path)
@@ -173,6 +196,9 @@ impl PointerFile {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn path(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.path
+    }
     pub fn filesize(&self) -> u64 {
         self.filesize
     }
@@ -214,6 +240,22 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for PointerFile {
     }
 }
 
+// Check pointer file size limit at compile time.
+// A valid pointer file looks like below
+//
+// # xet version 0
+// filesize = <i64 number>
+// hash = '<64 digit long string>'
+//
+//
+const_assert!(
+    POINTER_FILE_LIMIT
+        >= HEADER_PREFIX.len() + CURRENT_VERSION.len() // header
++ "filesize = ".len() + "9223372036854775807".len() // the largest i64
++ "hash = ".len() + 64 + 2 // 2 is the single quotes size
++ 2 * 3 // 3 "\n" or "\r\n" on Windows
+);
+
 /// Tries to parse a pointer file from the reader, but if parsing fails, returns
 /// the data we have pulled out from the reader. (The AsyncIterator does not
 /// provide a "put-back" function and for simplicity it probably shouldn't
@@ -259,6 +301,31 @@ pub async fn pointer_file_from_reader(
     }
 }
 
+/// Smudge a pointer file and overwrite itself
+pub async fn smudge_pointerfile_to_itself(
+    translator: &PointerFileTranslator,
+    path: &Path,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let pointer_file = PointerFile::init_from_path(path);
+
+    // not a pointer file, leave it as it is.
+    if !pointer_file.is_valid() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let file_hash = pointer_file.hash()?;
+
+    // Create a temporary path for writing to, then move it over when done.
+
+    let mut writer = Box::new(BufWriter::new(File::create(path)?));
+
+    translator
+        .smudge_file_from_hash(Some(path.to_owned()), &file_hash, &mut writer, None)
+        .await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     const POINTER_FILE_VERSION: &str = "0";
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/remote_shard_interface.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/remote_shard_interface.rs
index aceba9de..e4753feb 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/remote_shard_interface.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/data/remote_shard_interface.rs
@@ -172,7 +172,9 @@ impl RemoteShardInterface {
             smudge_query_policy: config.smudge_query_policy,
             shard_manager,
             shard_client,
-            reconstruction_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(FILE_RECONSTRUCTION_CACHE_SIZE)),
+            reconstruction_cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(FILE_RECONSTRUCTION_CACHE_SIZE).unwrap(),
+            )),
             cas,
             shard_downloads: Arc::new(singleflight::Group::new()),
         }))
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/mod.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/mod.rs
index cd05e86b..f574a518 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/mod.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/mod.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 pub mod axe;
 pub mod log;
+pub mod process_utils;
 pub mod query_cache;
 pub mod upgrade_checks;
+
+pub use process_utils::CommandSanitized;
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/process_utils.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/process_utils.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b2b76c77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/environment/process_utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+use std;
+use tokio;
+
+pub trait CommandSanitized {
+    fn new_sanitized(program: &str) -> Self;
+}
+
+impl CommandSanitized for std::process::Command {
+    fn new_sanitized(program: &str) -> Self {
+        let mut command = std::process::Command::new(program);
+        command.env("LD_PRELOAD", "");
+        command.env("DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES", "");
+        command
+    }
+}
+
+impl CommandSanitized for tokio::process::Command {
+    fn new_sanitized(program: &str) -> Self {
+        let mut command = tokio::process::Command::new(program);
+        command.env("LD_PRELOAD", "");
+        command.env("DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES", "");
+        command
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_process_wrapping.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_process_wrapping.rs
index 11ddf260..0a4d5512 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_process_wrapping.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_process_wrapping.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::environment::CommandSanitized;
 use crate::errors::GitXetRepoError;
 use crate::errors::Result;
 use itertools::Itertools;
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ fn spawn_git_command(
 ) -> Result<Child> {
     let git_executable = get_git_executable();
 
-    let mut cmd = Command::new(git_executable);
+    let mut cmd = Command::new_sanitized(git_executable);
     cmd.arg(command).args(args);
 
     // Disable version check on recursive calls
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_repo_paths.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_repo_paths.rs
index 84c925de..94418b46 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_repo_paths.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/git_integration/git_repo_paths.rs
@@ -1,29 +1,9 @@
 use crate::errors::Result;
-use crate::git_integration::git_process_wrapping::run_git_captured;
+use git2::Repository;
+use path_absolutize::Absolutize;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::str::FromStr;
 use tracing::info;
 
-/// Returns true if the path is a bare repo
-pub fn is_bare_repo(start_path: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<bool> {
-    let start_path = match start_path {
-        Some(p) => p,
-        None => std::env::current_dir()?,
-    };
-    // check if this is a bare repo
-    let capture = run_git_captured(
-        Some(&start_path),
-        "rev-parse",
-        &["--is-bare-repository"],
-        false,
-        None,
-    );
-    if let Ok((_, stdout, _)) = capture {
-        Ok(stdout == "true")
-    } else {
-        Ok(false)
-    }
-}
 /// Returns the path of the repository we're operating in.  
 ///
 /// If start_path is given, begin the search from there; otherwise start from the current working directory.
@@ -32,48 +12,26 @@ pub fn is_bare_repo(start_path: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<bool> {
 ///
 /// If this is a bare repo, return_gitdir is irrelevant; both return_gitdir == true or false
 /// will return the same path.
-pub fn resolve_repo_path(
-    start_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-    return_gitdir: bool,
-) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>> {
+fn resolve_repo_path(start_path: Option<PathBuf>, return_gitdir: bool) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>> {
     let start_path = match start_path {
         Some(p) => p,
         None => std::env::current_dir()?,
     };
 
-    // --show-toplevel is fatal for a bare repo
-    let is_bare = is_bare_repo(Some(start_path.clone()))?;
-
-    let (err_code, stdout, stderr) = run_git_captured(
-        Some(&start_path),
-        "rev-parse",
-        &[if return_gitdir || is_bare {
-            "--git-dir"
-        } else {
-            "--show-toplevel"
-        }],
-        false,
-        None,
-    )?;
-
-    if let Some(0) = err_code {
-        let repo_path = PathBuf::from_str(stdout.trim()).unwrap();
-
-        let repo_path = if repo_path.is_absolute() {
-            repo_path
-        } else {
-            start_path.join(repo_path)
-        };
+    let Ok(repo) = Repository::discover(&start_path).map_err(|e| {
+        info!("Error discovering repo from {start_path:?} : {e:?}");
+        e
+    }) else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
 
-        info!("Resolved git repo directory to {:?}.", &repo_path);
-        debug_assert!(repo_path.exists());
-        Ok(Some(repo_path))
+    if return_gitdir || repo.is_bare() {
+        Ok(repo.path().absolutize().map(|p| Some(p.to_path_buf()))?)
     } else {
-        info!(
-            "Resolving git repo failed with error code {:?}, stdout = {:?}, stderr = {:?}.",
-            &err_code, &stdout, &stderr
-        );
-        Ok(None)
+        Ok(repo
+            .workdir()
+            .and_then(|p| p.absolutize().ok())
+            .map(|p| p.to_path_buf()))
     }
 }
 
@@ -90,17 +48,3 @@ pub fn get_repo_path(start_path: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>> {
 pub fn get_git_path(start_path: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>> {
     resolve_repo_path(start_path, true)
 }
-
-/// Given a repo directory, determine the git path reliably.
-pub fn get_git_dir_from_repo_path(repo_path: &PathBuf) -> Result<PathBuf> {
-    let git_path = PathBuf::from_str(
-        &run_git_captured(Some(repo_path), "rev-parse", &["--git-dir"], true, None)?.1,
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-
-    Ok(if git_path.is_absolute() {
-        git_path
-    } else {
-        repo_path.join(git_path)
-    })
-}
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/watch/metadata/cache.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/watch/metadata/cache.rs
index 7d840758..15a00070 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/watch/metadata/cache.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/watch/metadata/cache.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ impl StatCache {
     /// Creates a new StatCache with the given capacity.
     pub fn new(capacity: usize) -> Self {
         Self {
-            cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(capacity)),
+            cache: Mutex::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(capacity.max(1)).unwrap(),
+            )),
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/xetfs_bare.rs b/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/xetfs_bare.rs
index 8e047518..250e6492 100644
--- a/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/xetfs_bare.rs
+++ b/rust/gitxetcore/src/xetmnt/xetfs_bare.rs
@@ -395,7 +395,9 @@ impl XetFSBare {
             rootdir: 0,
             srcpath: srcpath.to_path_buf(),
             pfilereader: pfile,
-            statcache: RwLock::new(LruCache::new(STAT_CACHE_SIZE)),
+            statcache: RwLock::new(LruCache::new(
+                std::num::NonZero::new(STAT_CACHE_SIZE).unwrap(),
+            )),
             repo: tokio::sync::Mutex::new(repo),
             gitref: reference.into(),
             metadata,
diff --git a/xetldfs/Cargo.lock b/xetldfs/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..488c6904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/Cargo.lock
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+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "87f4261229030a858f36b459e748ae97545d6f1ec60e5e0d6a3d32e0dc232ee9"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.52.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db3c2bf3d13d5b658be73463284eaf12830ac9a26a90c717b7f771dfe97487bf"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.52.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4e4246f76bdeff09eb48875a0fd3e2af6aada79d409d33011886d3e1581517d9"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "852298e482cd67c356ddd9570386e2862b5673c85bd5f88df9ab6802b334c596"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.52.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bec47e5bfd1bff0eeaf6d8b485cc1074891a197ab4225d504cb7a1ab88b02bf0"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winreg"
+version = "0.50.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "524e57b2c537c0f9b1e69f1965311ec12182b4122e45035b1508cd24d2adadb1"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if 1.0.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "xet-error-impl"
+version = "1.0.50"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "xet_config"
+version = "0.14.5"
+dependencies = [
+ "config",
+ "dirs 4.0.0",
+ "serde",
+ "toml",
+ "tracing",
+ "xet_error",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "xet_error"
+version = "0.14.5"
+dependencies = [
+ "lazy_static",
+ "xet-error-impl",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "xetldfs"
+version = "0.14.2"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "clap 3.2.25",
+ "ctor",
+ "errno",
+ "file_utils",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+ "libxet",
+ "openssl-probe",
+ "redhook",
+ "regex",
+ "tempdir",
+ "tempfile",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "yaml-rust"
+version = "0.4.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "56c1936c4cc7a1c9ab21a1ebb602eb942ba868cbd44a99cb7cdc5892335e1c85"
+dependencies = [
+ "linked-hash-map",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy"
+version = "0.7.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ae87e3fcd617500e5d106f0380cf7b77f3c6092aae37191433159dda23cfb087"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy-derive"
+version = "0.7.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "15e934569e47891f7d9411f1a451d947a60e000ab3bd24fbb970f000387d1b3b"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.67",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zeroize"
+version = "1.8.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ced3678a2879b30306d323f4542626697a464a97c0a07c9aebf7ebca65cd4dde"
diff --git a/xetldfs/Cargo.toml b/xetldfs/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..977ea160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+[package]
+name = "xetldfs"
+version = "0.14.2"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "x"
+path = "src/bin/xcmd.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "git-xet"
+path = "../gitxet/src/bin/gitxet.rs"
+
+[lib]
+name = "xetldfs"
+crate-type = ["dylib"]
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+[dependencies]
+lazy_static = "*"
+libc = "0.2.155"
+libxet = { path = "../libxet" }
+file_utils = { path = "../rust/file_utils" }
+
+anyhow = "1"
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+errno = "0.3.9"
+ctor = "0.1"
+redhook = "*"
+openssl-probe = "0.1.5"
+clap = { version = "3.1.6", features = ["derive"] }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+anyhow = "1"
+tempdir = "0.3"
+tempfile = "3"
+regex = "1.5.6"
+tracing = "0.1.*"
+
+[profile.release]
+opt-level = 3
+lto = true
+debug = 1
+
+[profile.opt-test]
+inherits = "dev"
+opt-level = 1
+debug = 1
+
+[features]
+openssl_vendored = ["libxet/openssl_vendored"]
+
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/bin/xcmd.rs b/xetldfs/src/bin/xcmd.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a87b96f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/bin/xcmd.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+use clap::{Args, Parser, Subcommand};
+use libc::*;
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::{self, Read, Seek, Write};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+#[derive(Parser)]
+struct XCommand {
+    #[clap(subcommand)]
+    command: Command,
+}
+
+impl XCommand {
+    fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        self.command.run()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Subcommand)]
+enum Command {
+    /// Equivalent to "cat".
+    Cat(MultiplePathArg),
+
+    /// Write a str from stdin to one or more files, replacing the contents if the file exists.
+    Write(MultiplePathArg),
+
+    /// Write a str from stdin to a file, appending it to the end if the file exists.
+    Append(PathArg),
+
+    /// Write a str from stdin to a file at a specific location, rewrite the contents
+    /// at that location if the file exists. If the specified location is
+    /// beyond the original file size, the gap between the previous file end
+    /// and this location is untouched, the behavior of reading from this gap
+    /// is platform dependent.
+    Writeat(WriteatArgs),
+
+    /// Get file size by calling "stat".
+    Stat(PathArg),
+
+    /// Get file size by calling "fstat".
+    Fstat(PathArg),
+
+    /// Equivalent to "cat" but uses mmap.
+    CatMmap(MultiplePathArg),
+
+    /// Same as Write, but uses mmap
+    WriteMmap(MultiplePathArg),
+
+    /// Equivalent to Writeat but uses mmap
+    WriteatMmap(WriteatArgs),
+
+    /// Equivalent to Append but uses mmap
+    AppendMmap(PathArg),
+
+    /// Testing things
+    Verify,
+}
+
+#[derive(Args)]
+struct PathArg {
+    file: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Args)]
+struct MultiplePathArg {
+    files: Vec<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Args)]
+struct WriteatArgs {
+    pos: u64,
+    file: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl Command {
+    pub fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        match self {
+            Command::Cat(args) => cat(&args.files),
+            Command::Write(args) => write(&args.files),
+            Command::Append(args) => append(&args.file),
+            Command::Writeat(args) => writeat(args),
+            Command::Stat(args) => stat(&args.file),
+            Command::Fstat(args) => fstat(&args.file),
+            Command::CatMmap(args) => cat_mmap(&args.files),
+            Command::WriteMmap(args) => write_mmap(&args.files),
+            Command::WriteatMmap(args) => writeat_mmap(args),
+            Command::AppendMmap(args) => append_mmap(&args.file),
+            Command::Verify => {
+                println!("VERIFICATION");
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_from_stdin() -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    let mut buffer = Vec::new();
+    let mut stdin = io::stdin();
+    stdin.read_to_end(&mut buffer)?;
+    Ok(buffer)
+}
+
+fn cat(files: &Vec<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    for path in files {
+        let contents = std::fs::read(path)?;
+        let mut stdout = io::stdout();
+        stdout.write_all(&contents)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn write(files: &Vec<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+
+    for path in files {
+        std::fs::write(path, &data)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn append(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+
+    let mut file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+        .create(true)
+        .append(true)
+        .open(path)?;
+
+    file.write_all(&data)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn writeat(args: &WriteatArgs) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+
+    let mut file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+        .create(true)
+        .truncate(false)
+        .write(true)
+        .open(&args.file)?;
+
+    file.seek(io::SeekFrom::Start(args.pos))?;
+    file.write_all(&data)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn stat(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let meta = std::fs::metadata(path)?;
+
+    println!("{}", meta.len());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn fstat(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).open(path)?;
+    let meta = file.metadata()?;
+
+    println!("{}", meta.len());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+use libc::{c_void, mmap, munmap, size_t, MAP_PRIVATE, PROT_READ};
+
+use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
+
+fn read_file_with_mmap(file_path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    // Open the file
+    let file = File::open(file_path)?;
+    let fd = file.as_raw_fd();
+
+    // Get the file length
+    let metadata = file.metadata()?;
+    let file_length = metadata.len() as size_t;
+
+    // Memory map the file
+    let mmap_addr = unsafe {
+        mmap(
+            std::ptr::null_mut(),
+            file_length,
+            PROT_READ,
+            MAP_PRIVATE,
+            fd,
+            0,
+        ) as *mut u8
+    };
+
+    if mmap_addr == libc::MAP_FAILED as *mut u8 {
+        return Err(io::Error::last_os_error());
+    }
+
+    // Read the file content from the mapped memory
+    let mut buffer = Vec::with_capacity(file_length);
+    unsafe {
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(std::slice::from_raw_parts(mmap_addr, file_length));
+    }
+
+    // Unmap the memory
+    unsafe {
+        munmap(mmap_addr as *mut c_void, file_length);
+    }
+
+    Ok(buffer)
+}
+
+fn cat_mmap(files: &Vec<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let mut out_data = Vec::<Vec<u8>>::new();
+
+    for path in files {
+        let data = read_file_with_mmap(path)?;
+        io::stdout().write_all(&data)?;
+        out_data.push(data);
+    }
+
+    for (path, data) in files.iter().zip(out_data.iter()) {
+        eprintln!("{path:?}: {:?}", std::str::from_utf8(data).unwrap());
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+enum WriteMode {
+    WriteAtEnd,
+    WriteFromPos(usize),
+
+    OverwriteFile,
+}
+
+fn write_to_file_with_mmap(
+    file_path: impl AsRef<Path>,
+    write_at: WriteMode,
+    data: &[u8],
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    // Open the file
+    let file = File::options().read(true).write(true).open(file_path)?;
+    let fd = file.as_raw_fd();
+
+    // Get the file length
+    let metadata = file.metadata()?;
+    let mut file_length = metadata.len() as size_t;
+
+    let (offset, new_file_length) = match write_at {
+        WriteMode::WriteAtEnd => (file_length, file_length + data.len()),
+        WriteMode::WriteFromPos(p) => (p, file_length.max(p + data.len())),
+        WriteMode::OverwriteFile => (0, data.len()),
+    };
+
+    if new_file_length != file_length {
+        file.set_len(new_file_length as u64)?;
+        file_length = new_file_length;
+    }
+
+    // Memory map the file
+    let mmap_addr = unsafe {
+        mmap(
+            std::ptr::null_mut(),
+            file_length,
+            PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+            MAP_SHARED,
+            fd,
+            0,
+        ) as *mut u8
+    };
+
+    if mmap_addr == libc::MAP_FAILED as *mut u8 {
+        return Err(io::Error::last_os_error());
+    }
+
+    // Write the data to the mapped memory
+    unsafe {
+        let mmap_slice = std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mmap_addr, file_length);
+        mmap_slice[offset..offset + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data);
+    }
+
+    // Unmap the memory
+    unsafe {
+        munmap(mmap_addr as *mut c_void, file_length);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn write_mmap(files: &Vec<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+
+    for path in files {
+        write_to_file_with_mmap(path, WriteMode::OverwriteFile, &data)?;
+        std::fs::write(path, &data)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn writeat_mmap(args: &WriteatArgs) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+    write_to_file_with_mmap(
+        &args.file,
+        WriteMode::WriteFromPos(args.pos as usize),
+        &data,
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn append_mmap(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let data = read_from_stdin()?;
+    write_to_file_with_mmap(path, WriteMode::WriteAtEnd, &data)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let cli = XCommand::parse();
+    cli.run()
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/errors.rs b/xetldfs/src/errors.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8b137891
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/errors.rs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/lib.rs b/xetldfs/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e5505479
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+use libc::*;
+use std::ffi::CStr;
+use std::ptr::null_mut;
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate redhook;
+extern crate libc;
+
+mod path_utils;
+mod runtime;
+mod utils;
+mod xet_interface;
+mod xet_rfile;
+
+use crate::path_utils::{is_regular_fd, is_regular_file, resolve_path_from_fd};
+use crate::runtime::{
+    activate_fd_runtime, interposing_disabled, process_in_interposable_state,
+    with_interposing_disabled,
+};
+use crate::utils::*;
+use crate::xet_interface::{
+    file_needs_materialization, materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed, materialize_rw_file_if_needed,
+};
+use crate::xet_rfile::{
+    close_fd_if_registered, maybe_fd_read_managed, register_interposed_read_fd,
+    set_fd_read_interpose,
+};
+
+#[allow(unused)]
+use crate::utils::C_EMPTY_STR;
+
+#[ctor::ctor]
+fn print_open() {
+    eprintln!("XetLDFS interposing library loaded.");
+}
+
+pub const ENABLE_CALL_TRACING: bool = false;
+pub const ENABLE_CALL_TRACING_FULL: bool = false;
+
+macro_rules! ld_func_trace {
+    ($func_name:expr, $($var:ident),*) => {
+        if ENABLE_CALL_TRACING_FULL {
+            if crate::runtime::raw_runtime_activated() {
+                eprint!("XetLDFS[{}] {}: ", unsafe {libc::getpid() }, $func_name);
+                $(
+                    eprint!("{}={:?} ", stringify!($var), $var);
+                )*
+                eprintln!();
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ld_trace {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        if ENABLE_CALL_TRACING {
+            if $crate::runtime::raw_runtime_activated() {
+                let text = format!($($arg)*);
+                eprintln!("XetLDFS[{}]: {text}", unsafe {libc::getpid() });
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ld_warn {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        if $crate::runtime::runtime_activated() {
+            let text = format!($($arg)*);
+            eprintln!("XetLDFS WARNING: {text}");
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+// 0666, copied from sys/stat.h
+const DEFFILEMODE: mode_t = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH;
+
+#[inline]
+unsafe fn fopen_impl(
+    pathname: &str,
+    mode: *const c_char,
+    callback: impl Fn() -> *mut libc::FILE,
+) -> *mut libc::FILE {
+    ld_func_trace!("fopen_impl", pathname, mode);
+
+    // Convert fopen mode to OpenOptions
+    let mode_str = CStr::from_ptr(mode).to_str().unwrap();
+    let Some(open_flags) = open_flags_from_mode_string(mode_str) else {
+        ld_warn!("Bad open flags? {mode_str}");
+        return callback();
+    };
+
+    if file_needs_materialization(open_flags) {
+        ld_trace!("fopen_impl: Materializing path {pathname}.");
+        materialize_rw_file_if_needed(pathname);
+        // no need to interpose a non-pointer file
+        return callback();
+    }
+
+    // only interpose read
+    if open_flags & O_ACCMODE == O_RDONLY {
+        let ret = callback();
+        if ret.is_null() {
+            ld_trace!("fopen_impl: callback returned null.");
+            return null_mut();
+        }
+
+        let fd = fileno(ret);
+        register_interposed_read_fd(pathname, fd);
+        ld_trace!("fopen_impl: Registered {pathname} as read interposed with fd = {fd}.");
+        ret
+    } else {
+        ld_trace!("fopen_impl: passing through.");
+        callback()
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fopen(pathname: *const c_char, mode: *const c_char) -> *mut libc::FILE => my_fopen {
+        ld_func_trace!("fopen", pathname, mode);
+
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(fopen)(pathname, mode); }
+
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        if !is_regular_file(pathname) {
+            // We only interpose for regular files (not for socket, symlink, block dev, directory, character device (/dev/tty), fifo).
+            return real!(fopen)(pathname, mode);
+        }
+
+        let path = unsafe { c_to_str(pathname) };
+        fopen_impl(path, mode, || real!(fopen)(pathname, mode))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fopen64(pathname: *const c_char, mode: *const c_char) -> *mut libc::FILE => my_fopen64 {
+        ld_func_trace!("fopen64", pathname, mode);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(fopen64)(pathname, mode); }
+
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let path = unsafe { c_to_str(pathname) };
+        fopen_impl(path, mode, || real!(fopen64)(pathname, mode))
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn freopen(path: *const libc::c_char, mode: *const libc::c_char, stream: *mut libc::FILE) -> *mut libc::FILE => my_freopen {
+        ld_func_trace!("freopen", path, mode);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(freopen)(path, mode, stream); }
+
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let fd = fileno(stream);
+
+        // Close this if registered.
+        if close_fd_if_registered(fd) {
+            my_fopen(path, mode)
+        } else {
+            real!(freopen)(path, mode, stream)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+unsafe fn open_impl(pathname: &str, open_flags: c_int, callback: impl Fn() -> c_int) -> c_int {
+    if file_needs_materialization(open_flags) {
+        materialize_rw_file_if_needed(pathname);
+        // no need to interpose a non-pointer file
+        return callback();
+    }
+
+    // only interpose read
+    if open_flags & O_ACCMODE == O_RDONLY {
+        ld_trace!("file {pathname} is RDONLY");
+        let fd = callback();
+        ld_trace!("file {pathname} is RDONLY, opened as {fd}");
+        if fd != -1 {
+            register_interposed_read_fd(pathname, fd);
+        }
+        fd
+    } else {
+        callback()
+    }
+}
+
+// Hook for open
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn open(pathname: *const c_char, flags: c_int, filemode: mode_t) -> c_int => my_open {
+        let path = c_to_str(pathname);
+        ld_func_trace!("open", path, flags, filemode);
+        activate_fd_runtime();
+
+        if interposing_disabled() {
+            return real!(open)(pathname, flags, filemode);
+        }
+
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        if !is_regular_file(pathname) {
+            // We only interpose for regular files (not for socket, symlink, block dev, directory, character device (/dev/tty), fifo).
+            return real!(open)(pathname, flags, filemode);
+        }
+
+        let path = unsafe { c_to_str(pathname) };
+        open_impl(path ,flags,  || real!(open)(pathname, flags, filemode))
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+unsafe fn real_open(pathname: *const c_char, flags: c_int, filemode: mode_t) -> c_int {
+    real!(open)(pathname, flags, filemode)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn open64(pathname: *const c_char, flags: c_int, filemode: mode_t) -> c_int => my_open64 {
+        let path = c_to_str(pathname);
+        ld_func_trace!("open64", path, flags, filemode);
+        activate_fd_runtime();
+
+        if interposing_disabled() {
+            return real!(open64)(pathname, flags, filemode);
+        }
+
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        // We only interpose for regular files (not for socket, symlink, block dev, directory, character device (/dev/tty), fifo).
+        if !is_regular_file(pathname) {
+            return real!(open64)(pathname, flags, filemode);
+        }
+
+        let path = unsafe { c_to_str(pathname) };
+        open_impl(path, flags, || real!(open64)(pathname, flags, filemode))
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn openat(dirfd: libc::c_int, pathname: *const libc::c_char, flags: libc::c_int, filemode : mode_t) -> libc::c_int => my_openat {
+        let path = c_to_str(pathname);
+        ld_func_trace!("openat", dirfd, path, filemode);
+        activate_fd_runtime();
+
+        if !interposing_disabled() {
+
+            let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+            if let Some(path) = resolve_path_from_fd(dirfd, pathname) {
+
+                // We only interpose for regular files (not for socket, symlink, block dev, directory, character device (/dev/tty), fifo).
+                if is_regular_file(path.as_ptr()) {
+                    ld_trace!("openat: Path {} is regular file, calling open_impl (dirfd={dirfd}, pathname={})", path.to_str().unwrap(), c_to_str(pathname));
+                    return open_impl(cstring_to_str(&path), flags, || real!(openat)(dirfd, pathname, flags, filemode));
+                } else {
+                    ld_trace!("openat: Path {} is not a regular file, bypassing (dirfd={dirfd}, pathname={}).", path.to_str().unwrap(), c_to_str(pathname));
+                }
+            } else {
+                ld_trace!("openat: Error resolving path {} from dirfd={dirfd} regular file, bypassing.", c_to_str(pathname));
+            }
+        } else {
+            ld_trace!("openat: Interposing disabled; passing path={} from dirfd={dirfd} regular file, bypassing.", c_to_str(pathname));
+        }
+
+        real!(openat)(dirfd, pathname, flags, filemode)
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn read(fd: c_int, buf: *mut c_void, nbyte: size_t) -> ssize_t => my_read {
+        ld_func_trace!("read", fd, nbyte);
+        if interposing_disabled() || fd <= 2 { return real!(read)(fd, buf, nbyte); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            ld_trace!("read: Interposed read called with {nbyte} bytes on fd = {fd}");
+            fd_info.read(buf, nbyte)
+        } else {
+            ld_trace!("read: non-interposed read called with {nbyte} bytes on fd = {fd}");
+            real!(read)(fd, buf, nbyte)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fread(buf: *mut c_void, size: size_t, count: size_t, stream: *mut libc::FILE) -> size_t => my_fread {
+        ld_func_trace!("fread", size, count);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(fread)(buf, size, count, stream); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let fd = fileno(stream);
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            ld_trace!("fread: Interposed read called with size={size}, count={count}, fd = {fd}");
+            fd_info.fread(buf, size, count)
+        } else {
+            real!(fread)(buf, size, count, stream)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe fn stat_impl(fd: c_int, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int {
+    let r = real!(fstat)(fd, buf);
+
+    if r == EOF {
+        return EOF;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+        ld_trace!("XetLDFS: fstat called on {fd} is managed");
+        fd_info.update_stat(buf);
+    }
+
+    r
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fstat(fd: c_int, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int => my_fstat {
+        ld_func_trace!("fstat", fd);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(fstat)(fd, buf); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe fn real_fstat(fd: c_int, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int {
+    real!(fstat)(fd, buf)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fstat64(fd: c_int, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int => my_fstat64 {
+        ld_func_trace!("fstat64", fd);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(fstat64)(fd, buf); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn stat(pathname: *const libc::c_char, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int => my_stat {
+        ld_func_trace!("stat", pathname);
+        if !process_in_interposable_state() { return real!(stat)(pathname, buf); }
+
+        let fd = my_open(pathname, O_RDONLY, DEFFILEMODE);
+        if fd == -1 {
+            return real!(stat)(pathname, buf);
+        }
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(unused)]
+unsafe fn real_stat(pathname: *const libc::c_char, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int {
+    real!(stat)(pathname, buf)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn stat64(pathname: *const libc::c_char, buf: *mut libc::stat) -> c_int => my_stat64 {
+        ld_func_trace!("stat64", pathname);
+        if !process_in_interposable_state() { return real!(stat64)(pathname, buf); }
+
+        let fd = my_open(pathname, O_RDONLY, DEFFILEMODE);
+        if fd == -1 {
+            return real!(stat64)(pathname, buf);
+        }
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fstatat(dirfd: libc::c_int, pathname: *const libc::c_char, buf: *mut libc::stat, flags: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_fstatat {
+        ld_func_trace!("fstatat", dirfd, pathname);
+        if !process_in_interposable_state() { return real!(fstatat)(dirfd, pathname, buf, flags); }
+
+        let fd = {
+            if pathname.is_null() || *pathname == (0 as c_char) {
+                dirfd
+            } else {
+                my_openat(dirfd, pathname, flags, DEFFILEMODE)
+            }
+        };
+        if fd == -1 {
+            return real!(fstatat)(dirfd, pathname, buf, flags);
+        }
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fstatat64(dirfd: libc::c_int, pathname: *const libc::c_char, buf: *mut libc::stat, flags: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_fstatat64 {
+        ld_func_trace!("fstatat64", dirfd, pathname);
+        if !process_in_interposable_state() { return real!(fstatat)(dirfd, pathname, buf, flags); }
+
+        let fd = {
+            if pathname.is_null() || *pathname == (0 as c_char) {
+                dirfd
+            } else {
+                my_openat(dirfd, pathname, flags, DEFFILEMODE)
+            }
+        };
+        if fd == -1 {
+            return real!(fstatat64)(dirfd, pathname, buf, flags);
+        }
+
+        stat_impl(fd, buf)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn statx(dirfd: libc::c_int, pathname: *const libc::c_char, flags: libc::c_int, mask: libc::c_uint, statxbuf: *mut libc::statx) -> libc::c_int => my_statx {
+        ld_func_trace!("statx", dirfd, pathname, flags, mask);
+        if !process_in_interposable_state() { return real!(statx)(dirfd, pathname, flags, mask, statxbuf); }
+
+        let fd = {
+            if pathname.is_null() || *pathname == (0 as c_char) {
+                dirfd
+            } else {
+                ld_trace!("statx: attempting to open path on {dirfd}, pathname = {:?}", c_to_str(pathname));
+                my_openat(dirfd, pathname, flags, DEFFILEMODE)
+            }
+        };
+
+        if fd == -1 {
+            ld_trace!("statx: openat returned -1, passing through.");
+            return real!(statx)(dirfd, pathname, flags, mask, statxbuf);
+        }
+
+        // If pathname is an empty string and the AT_EMPTY_PATH flag
+        // is specified in flags (see below), then the target file is
+        // the one referred to by the file descriptor dirfd.
+        let ret = real!(statx)(fd, C_EMPTY_STR, AT_EMPTY_PATH | flags, mask, statxbuf);
+        if ret == EOF {
+            return real!(statx)(dirfd, pathname, flags, mask, statxbuf);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            ld_trace!("statx: update_statx called on {fd}, is managed");
+            fd_info.update_statx(statxbuf);
+        } else {
+            ld_trace!("statx called on {fd}; passed through.");
+        }
+
+
+        ret
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn lseek(fd: libc::c_int, offset: libc::off_t, whence: libc::c_int) -> libc::off_t => my_lseek {
+        ld_func_trace!("lseek", fd, offset, whence);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(lseek)(fd, offset, whence); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            let ret = fd_info.lseek(offset, whence);
+            ld_trace!("XetLDFS: lseek called, offset={offset}, whence={whence}, fd={fd}: ret={ret}");
+            ret
+        } else {
+            real!(lseek)(fd, offset, whence)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fseek(stream: *mut libc::FILE, offset: libc::c_long, whence: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_long => my_fseek {
+        ld_func_trace!("fseek", stream, offset, whence);
+        if interposing_disabled() || stream.is_null() { return real!(fseek)(stream, offset, whence); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let fd = fileno(stream);
+        if fd < 0 {
+            return real!(fseek)(stream, offset, whence);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            let ret = fd_info.lseek(offset, whence) as libc::c_long;
+            ld_trace!("XetLDFS: lseek called, offset={offset}, whence={whence}, fd={fd}: ret={ret}");
+            ret
+        } else {
+            real!(fseek)(stream, offset, whence)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+unsafe fn interposed_close(fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int {
+    ld_trace!("close called on {fd}");
+    close_fd_if_registered(fd);
+    real!(close)(fd)
+}
+
+#[inline]
+unsafe fn real_close(fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int {
+    real!(close)(fd)
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn close(fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_close {
+        ld_func_trace!("close", fd);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(close)(fd); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+        interposed_close(fd)
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn fclose(stream: *mut libc::FILE) -> libc::c_int => my_fclose {
+        ld_func_trace!("close", stream);
+        if interposing_disabled() || stream.is_null() { return real!(fclose)(stream); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let fd = fileno(stream);
+
+        ld_trace!("fclose called on {fd}");
+
+        close_fd_if_registered(fd);
+
+        real!(fclose)(stream)
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn ftell(stream: *mut libc::FILE) -> libc::c_long => my_ftell {
+        ld_func_trace!("ftell", stream);
+        if interposing_disabled() || stream.is_null() { return real!(ftell)(stream); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let fd = fileno(stream);
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(fd) {
+            let ret = fd_info.ftell() as libc::c_long;
+            ld_trace!("ftell: called on {fd}; interposed, ret = {ret}");
+            ret
+        } else {
+            real!(ftell)(stream)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn dup(old_fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_dup {
+        ld_func_trace!("dup", old_fd);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(dup)(old_fd); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let new_fd = real!(dup)(old_fd);
+
+        if new_fd < 0 {
+            return new_fd;
+        }
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(old_fd) {
+            ld_trace!("dup: fd={new_fd} to point to same file as {old_fd}, path={:?}", fd_info.path());
+            set_fd_read_interpose(new_fd, fd_info.dup(new_fd));
+        }
+
+        new_fd
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn dup2(old_fd: libc::c_int, new_fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_dup2 {
+        ld_func_trace!("dup2", old_fd, new_fd);
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(dup2)(old_fd, new_fd); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let result = real!(dup2)(old_fd, new_fd);
+        if result < 0 {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // If old_fd and new_fd are equal, then dup2() just returns new_fd;
+        // no other changes are made to the existing descriptor.
+        if old_fd != new_fd {
+            close_fd_if_registered(new_fd);
+
+            if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(old_fd) {
+                ld_trace!("dup2: fd={new_fd} to point to same file as {old_fd}, path={:?}", fd_info.path());
+                set_fd_read_interpose(new_fd, fd_info.dup(new_fd));
+            }
+        }
+
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn dup3(old_fd: libc::c_int, new_fd: libc::c_int, flags : libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int => my_dup3 {
+        if interposing_disabled() { return real!(dup3)(old_fd, new_fd, flags); }
+        let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+        let result = real!(dup3)(old_fd, new_fd, flags);
+
+        if result == -1 {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        close_fd_if_registered(new_fd);
+
+        if let Some(fd_info) = maybe_fd_read_managed(old_fd) {
+            ld_trace!("dup3: fd={new_fd} to point to same file as {old_fd}, path={:?}", fd_info.path());
+            set_fd_read_interpose(new_fd, fd_info.dup(new_fd));
+        }
+
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+hook! {
+    unsafe fn mmap(addr: *mut libc::c_void, length: libc::size_t, prot: libc::c_int, flags: libc::c_int, fd: libc::c_int, offset: libc::off_t) -> *mut libc::c_void => my_mmap {
+        ld_func_trace!("mmap", length, prot, flags,fd, offset);
+
+        // Avoid cyclic internal calls to malloc when actually allocating virtual memory,
+        // or when mmap non-regular file, e.g. shared memory
+        if (flags & libc::MAP_ANON != 0) || (flags & libc::MAP_ANONYMOUS != 0) || !is_regular_fd(fd) {
+            return real!(mmap)(addr, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+        }
+
+        if process_in_interposable_state() {
+            if materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed(fd) {
+                ld_trace!("mmap: Materialized pointer file under descriptor {fd}.");
+            } else {
+                ld_trace!("mmap: fd={fd} not registered.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Call the original mmap function
+        real!(mmap)(addr, length, prot, flags, fd, offset)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/path_utils.rs b/xetldfs/src/path_utils.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..49815520
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/path_utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+use crate::{c_chars_to_cstring, real_fstat, real_stat};
+use std::ffi::{CStr, CString};
+use std::os::raw::c_char;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+pub fn resolve_path(raw_path: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, std::io::Error> {
+    let path = Path::new(raw_path);
+
+    // Canonicalize the parent, which we expect to exist
+    if path.is_absolute() {
+        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+            let canonical_parent = std::fs::canonicalize(parent)?;
+            Ok(canonical_parent.join(path.file_name().unwrap()))
+        } else {
+            Ok(path.to_path_buf())
+        }
+    } else {
+        let abs_path = std::env::current_dir()?.join(path);
+        if let Some(parent) = abs_path.parent() {
+            let canonical_parent = std::fs::canonicalize(parent)?;
+            Ok(canonical_parent.join(abs_path.file_name().unwrap()))
+        } else {
+            Ok(abs_path)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn path_of_fd_impl(fd: libc::c_int) -> Option<Vec<c_char>> {
+    let mut dest_path = vec![0 as c_char; libc::PATH_MAX as usize];
+
+    // On Linux, read the symbolic link at /proc/self/fd/dirfd
+    let path = format!("/proc/self/fd/{}\0", fd);
+    let c_path = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(path.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+
+    let len = unsafe {
+        libc::readlink(
+            c_path.as_ptr(),
+            dest_path.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_char,
+            dest_path.len(),
+        )
+    };
+
+    if len < 0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    dest_path.truncate(len as usize);
+    Some(dest_path)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+fn path_of_fd_impl(fd: libc::c_int) -> Option<Vec<c_char>> {
+    let mut dest_path = vec![0 as c_char; libc::PATH_MAX as usize];
+
+    // On macOS, use fcntl with F_GETPATH
+    if unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETPATH, dest_path.as_mut_ptr()) } == -1 {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let len = dest_path
+        .iter()
+        .position(|&c| c == 0)
+        .unwrap_or(dest_path.len());
+
+    dest_path.truncate(len as usize);
+    Some(dest_path)
+}
+
+pub fn path_of_fd(fd: libc::c_int) -> Option<CString> {
+    path_of_fd_impl(fd).map(c_chars_to_cstring)
+}
+
+unsafe fn get_cwd() -> Option<Vec<c_char>> {
+    let mut dest_path = vec![0 as c_char; libc::PATH_MAX as usize];
+
+    let cwd_ptr = unsafe { libc::getcwd(dest_path.as_mut_ptr(), dest_path.len()) };
+    if cwd_ptr.is_null() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    dest_path.truncate(
+        dest_path
+            .iter()
+            .position(|&c| c == 0)
+            .unwrap_or(dest_path.len()),
+    );
+    Some(dest_path)
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_path_from_fd(dirfd: libc::c_int, path: *const libc::c_char) -> Option<CString> {
+    unsafe {
+        if path.is_null() || *path == 0 {
+            let dest_path = path_of_fd_impl(dirfd)?;
+            return Some(c_chars_to_cstring(dest_path));
+        }
+
+        // Check if the path is absolute
+        if *path == b'/' as c_char {
+            return Some(CStr::from_ptr(path).to_owned());
+        }
+
+        let mut dest_path = {
+            if dirfd == libc::AT_FDCWD {
+                get_cwd()?
+            } else {
+                path_of_fd_impl(dirfd)?
+            }
+        };
+
+        assert_ne!(*dest_path.last().unwrap(), b'\0' as c_char);
+        dest_path.push(b'/' as c_char);
+        for i in 0.. {
+            let c = *(path.add(i));
+            if c == 0 {
+                break;
+            } else {
+                dest_path.push(c);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Some(c_chars_to_cstring(dest_path))
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn is_regular_file(pathname: *const libc::c_char) -> bool {
+    let mut buf: libc::stat = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
+    let buf_ptr = &mut buf as *mut libc::stat;
+    unsafe {
+        let ret = real_stat(pathname, buf_ptr);
+        if ret == -1 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        (*buf_ptr).st_mode & libc::S_IFMT == libc::S_IFREG
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn is_regular_fd(fd: libc::c_int) -> bool {
+    let mut buf: libc::stat = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
+    let buf_ptr = &mut buf as *mut libc::stat;
+    unsafe {
+        let ret = real_fstat(fd, buf_ptr);
+        if ret == -1 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        (*buf_ptr).st_mode & libc::S_IFMT == libc::S_IFREG
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/runtime.rs b/xetldfs/src/runtime.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a010b5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/runtime.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU32, Ordering};
+use tokio::runtime::{Builder, Runtime};
+
+use crate::ld_trace;
+use crate::ENABLE_CALL_TRACING;
+
+thread_local! {
+    static INTERPOSING_DISABLE_REQUESTS : AtomicU32 = const { AtomicU32::new(0) };
+}
+
+// Guaranteed to be zero on library load for all the static initializers.
+// This will only be initialized once we register a file pointer for our own use.
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref FD_RUNTIME_PID: u64 = unsafe { libc::getpid() as u64 };
+}
+
+static FD_RUNTIME_INITIALIZED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref TOKIO_RUNTIME: Runtime = {
+        let rt = Builder::new_multi_thread()
+            .worker_threads(1)
+            .on_thread_start(|| {
+                INTERPOSING_DISABLE_REQUESTS.with(|init| {
+                    init.store(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                });
+            })
+            .enable_all()
+            .build()
+            .expect("Failed to create Tokio runtime");
+
+        rt
+    };
+}
+
+pub fn tokio_run<F: std::future::Future>(future: F) -> F::Output {
+    // This should never happen; is a problem.
+    assert!(runtime_activated());
+
+    use libc::{sigaction, sighandler_t, SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL};
+
+    // Save the current SIGCHLD signal handler so that bash doesn't interfere with the
+    // child processes.
+    let mut old_action: sigaction = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
+    if unsafe { libc::sigaction(SIGCHLD, std::ptr::null(), &mut old_action) } != 0 {
+        panic!("Failed to get the current SIGCHLD handler");
+    }
+
+    // Step 2: Set SIGCHLD to SIG_DFL (default action)
+    let mut new_action: sigaction = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
+    new_action.sa_sigaction = SIG_DFL as sighandler_t;
+    new_action.sa_flags = 0;
+    if unsafe { libc::sigaction(SIGCHLD, &new_action, std::ptr::null_mut()) } != 0 {
+        panic!("Failed to set SIGCHLD to default handler");
+    }
+
+    // Step 3: Run all the tokio stuff, which may include spawning other processes.
+    let result = tokio::task::block_in_place(|| TOKIO_RUNTIME.handle().block_on(future));
+
+    // Step 4:
+    if unsafe { libc::sigaction(SIGCHLD, &old_action, std::ptr::null_mut()) } != 0 {
+        panic!("Failed to restore the previous SIGCHLD handler");
+    }
+
+    result
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn process_in_interposable_state() -> bool {
+    let pid = unsafe { libc::getpid() as u64 };
+    let s_pid = *FD_RUNTIME_PID;
+    if pid == s_pid {
+        true
+    } else {
+        ld_trace!("XetLDFS: process not in interposable state: {pid} != {s_pid}");
+        false
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn activate_fd_runtime() {
+    FD_RUNTIME_INITIALIZED.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn raw_runtime_activated() -> bool {
+    FD_RUNTIME_INITIALIZED.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn runtime_activated() -> bool {
+    raw_runtime_activated() && process_in_interposable_state()
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn interposing_disabled() -> bool {
+    if runtime_activated() {
+        INTERPOSING_DISABLE_REQUESTS.with(|init| init.load(Ordering::Relaxed) != 0)
+    } else {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct InterposingDisable {}
+
+impl Drop for InterposingDisable {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let v = INTERPOSING_DISABLE_REQUESTS.with(|v| v.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::Relaxed));
+        assert_ne!(v, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn with_interposing_disabled() -> InterposingDisable {
+    INTERPOSING_DISABLE_REQUESTS.with(|v| v.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed));
+    InterposingDisable {}
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/utils.rs b/xetldfs/src/utils.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..587a8273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+use std::ffi::{CStr, CString};
+use std::io::ErrorKind;
+
+pub const C_EMPTY_STR: *const libc::c_char = c"".as_ptr() as *const libc::c_char;
+
+pub unsafe fn c_to_str<'a>(c_str: *const libc::c_char) -> &'a str {
+    if c_str.is_null() {
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    let c_str = CStr::from_ptr(c_str);
+    std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(c_str.to_bytes())
+}
+
+pub fn cstring_to_str(s: &CString) -> &str {
+    unsafe { std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(s.as_bytes()) }
+}
+
+pub fn c_chars_to_cstring(mut vec: Vec<libc::c_char>) -> CString {
+    unsafe {
+        // A null terminator will be appended at the conversion below
+        while let Some(&0) = vec.last() {
+            vec.pop();
+        }
+
+        // Reinterpret the Vec<c_char> as Vec<u8> without copying
+        let ptr = vec.as_mut_ptr() as *mut u8;
+        let len = vec.len();
+        let cap = vec.capacity();
+
+        // Prevent the original vector from being dropped
+        std::mem::forget(vec);
+
+        // Create the CString from the raw parts of the Vec<u8>
+        let u8_vec = Vec::from_raw_parts(ptr, len, cap);
+        CString::from_vec_unchecked(u8_vec)
+    }
+}
+
+fn register_io_error_impl(err: std::io::Error, context: Option<&str>) -> std::io::Error {
+    use libc::*;
+
+    let (err_code, err_msg) = match err.kind() {
+        ErrorKind::NotFound => (ENOENT, "File not found"),
+        ErrorKind::PermissionDenied => (EACCES, "Permission denied"),
+        ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => (EEXIST, "File already exists"),
+        ErrorKind::InvalidInput => (EINVAL, "Invalid input"),
+        ErrorKind::OutOfMemory => (ENOMEM, "Out of memory"),
+        ErrorKind::AddrInUse => (EADDRINUSE, "Address in use"),
+        ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable => (EADDRNOTAVAIL, "Address not available"),
+        ErrorKind::BrokenPipe => (EPIPE, "Broken pipe"),
+        ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted => (ECONNRESET, "Connection aborted"),
+        ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused => (ECONNREFUSED, "Connection refused"),
+        ErrorKind::ConnectionReset => (ECONNRESET, "Connection reset"),
+        ErrorKind::Interrupted => (EINTR, "Interrupted"),
+        ErrorKind::InvalidData => (EINVAL, "Invalid data"),
+        ErrorKind::TimedOut => (ETIMEDOUT, "Operation timed out"),
+        ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof => (EIO, "Unexpected end of file"),
+        ErrorKind::WriteZero => (EIO, "Write zero"),
+        ErrorKind::WouldBlock => (EAGAIN, "Operation would block"),
+        ErrorKind::Unsupported => (ENOSYS, "Operation not supported"),
+        ErrorKind::Other => (EIO, "An unknown error occurred"),
+        _ => (EIO, "An unknown error occurred"),
+    };
+
+    errno::set_errno(errno::Errno(err_code));
+    if let Some(ctx) = context {
+        eprintln!("XetFS Error: {err_msg}. {ctx}");
+    } else {
+        eprintln!("XetFS Error: {err_msg}");
+    }
+    err
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn register_io_error(err: std::io::Error) -> std::io::Error {
+    register_io_error_impl(err, None)
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn register_io_error_with_context(err: std::io::Error, context: &str) -> std::io::Error {
+    register_io_error_impl(err, Some(context))
+}
+
+pub fn open_flags_from_mode_string(mode: &str) -> Option<libc::c_int> {
+    use libc::{O_APPEND, O_CREAT, O_RDONLY, O_RDWR, O_TRUNC, O_WRONLY};
+
+    // File access mode flag "b" can optionally be specified to open a file in binary mode.
+    // This flag has no effect on POSIX systems but it's still valid.
+    let mode = mode.replace('b', "");
+
+    match mode.as_str() {
+        "r" => Some(O_RDONLY),
+        "r+" => Some(O_RDWR),
+        "w" => Some(O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),
+        "w+" => Some(O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),
+        "a" => Some(O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND),
+        "a+" => Some(O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_APPEND),
+        _ => {
+            eprintln!("XETLDFS Error: invalid mode string {mode}.");
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/xet_interface.rs b/xetldfs/src/xet_interface.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..16f9a75a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/xet_interface.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+use file_utils::SafeFileCreator;
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
+use tokio::sync::Mutex as TMutex;
+
+use libxet::config::XetConfig;
+use libxet::data::{PointerFile, PointerFileTranslatorV2};
+use libxet::errors::Result;
+use libxet::git_integration::{get_repo_path, GitXetRepo};
+use libxet::ErrorPrinter;
+
+use crate::path_utils::{path_of_fd, resolve_path};
+use crate::runtime::{tokio_run, with_interposing_disabled};
+use crate::xet_rfile::XetFdReadHandle;
+use crate::{cstring_to_str, real_close};
+use crate::{ld_trace, ld_warn, ENABLE_CALL_TRACING};
+use crate::{my_dup2, real_open};
+
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref XET_REPO_WRAPPERS: RwLock<Vec<Arc<XetFSRepoWrapper>>> = RwLock::new(Vec::new());
+    static ref XET_ENVIRONMENT_CFG: TMutex<Option<XetConfig>> = TMutex::new(None);
+}
+
+// Requires runnig inside tokio runtime, so async
+async fn get_base_config() -> Result<XetConfig> {
+    // If the base config isn't set, then initialize everthing.
+    let mut cfg_wrap = XET_ENVIRONMENT_CFG.lock().await;
+
+    if cfg_wrap.is_none() {
+        let cfg = XetConfig::new(None, None, libxet::config::ConfigGitPathOption::NoPath)?;
+
+        libxet::environment::log::initialize_tracing_subscriber(&cfg)?;
+
+        let _ = openssl_probe::try_init_ssl_cert_env_vars();
+
+        ld_trace!("CFG initialized.");
+
+        *cfg_wrap = Some(cfg);
+    }
+
+    Ok(cfg_wrap.as_ref().unwrap().clone())
+}
+
+// Attempt to find all the instances.
+pub fn get_repo_context(raw_path: &str) -> Result<Option<(Arc<XetFSRepoWrapper>, PathBuf)>> {
+    let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+    ld_trace!("get_repo_context: {raw_path}");
+    let path = resolve_path(raw_path).map_err(|e| {
+        ld_trace!("resolve_path failed: {e:?}");
+        e
+    })?;
+    ld_trace!("get_repo_context: {raw_path} resolved to {path:?}");
+
+    if path
+        .components()
+        .any(|c| matches!(c, Component::Normal(name) if name == ".git"))
+    {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    ld_trace!("get_repo_context: {raw_path} is not inside .git");
+
+    // quick failure without trying opening **and implicitly setup** a repo.
+    let pf = PointerFile::init_from_path(&path);
+    ld_trace!("get_repo_context: pointer file is {pf:?}");
+    if !pf.is_valid() {
+        ld_trace!("get_repo_context: {raw_path} is not a valid pointer file");
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    ld_trace!("get_repo_context: {raw_path} is a pointer file");
+
+    if let Some(repo_wrapper) = XET_REPO_WRAPPERS
+        .read()
+        .unwrap()
+        .iter()
+        .find(|xrw| path.starts_with(xrw.repo_path()))
+        .cloned()
+    {
+        ld_trace!("Xet instance found for {path:?} ( from {raw_path}");
+
+        return Ok(Some((repo_wrapper, path)));
+    }
+
+    // See if we need to create it.
+    let Some(start_path) = path.parent() else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+
+    // TODO: cache known directories as known non-xet paths.
+    let Some(repo_path) = get_repo_path(Some(start_path.to_path_buf()))
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            eprintln!("Error Initializing repo from {start_path:?} : {e:?}");
+            e
+        })
+        .unwrap_or(None)
+    else {
+        eprintln!("No repo path found for {start_path:?}");
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+
+    // TODO: Do more than print that we have this.
+    ld_trace!("Repo path for {path:?}: {repo_path:?}");
+
+    // Lock back here so we don't have multiple reads accessing the same repository
+    let mut xet_repo_wrappers = XET_REPO_WRAPPERS.write().unwrap();
+
+    // Check within the lock to make sure we're not opening multiple versions of this.
+    for xrw in xet_repo_wrappers.iter() {
+        if xrw.repo_path() == repo_path {
+            return Ok(Some((xrw.clone(), path)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    let xet_repo = XetFSRepoWrapper::new(&repo_path)
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            ld_trace!("Error occurred initializing repo wrapper from {repo_path:?}: {e:?}");
+            e
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+
+    xet_repo_wrappers.push(xet_repo.clone());
+
+    Ok(Some((xet_repo, path)))
+}
+
+pub struct XetFSRepoWrapper {
+    pub xet_repo: GitXetRepo,
+    pub pft: Arc<PointerFileTranslatorV2>,
+}
+
+impl XetFSRepoWrapper {
+    pub fn new(root_path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Arc<Self>> {
+        let xrw = tokio_run(async move {
+            let base_cfg = get_base_config().await?;
+
+            let cfg = base_cfg.switch_repo_path(
+                libxet::config::ConfigGitPathOption::PathDiscover(root_path.as_ref().to_path_buf()),
+                None,
+            )?;
+
+            let xet_repo = GitXetRepo::open_and_verify_setup(cfg).await?;
+            let pft = Arc::new(
+                PointerFileTranslatorV2::from_config_smudge_only(&xet_repo.xet_config).await?,
+            );
+            Result::Ok(Self { pft, xet_repo })
+        })?;
+
+        Ok(Arc::new(xrw))
+    }
+
+    pub fn repo_path(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.xet_repo.repo_dir
+    }
+
+    pub async fn open_path_for_read_if_pointer(
+        self: &Arc<Self>,
+        path: PathBuf,
+    ) -> Result<Option<XetFdReadHandle>> {
+        let pf = PointerFile::init_from_path(path);
+
+        if !pf.is_valid() {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            Ok(Some(XetFdReadHandle::new(self.clone(), pf)))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn materialize_path(&self, abs_path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<()> {
+        let pf = PointerFile::init_from_path(&abs_path);
+
+        let mut out_file = SafeFileCreator::replace_existing(&abs_path)?;
+
+        self.pft
+            .smudge_file_from_pointer(abs_path.as_ref(), &pf, &mut out_file, None)
+            .await?;
+
+        out_file.close()?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn file_needs_materialization(open_flags: libc::c_int) -> bool {
+    let on = |flag| open_flags & flag != 0;
+
+    let will_write = matches!(open_flags & libc::O_ACCMODE, libc::O_WRONLY | libc::O_RDWR);
+
+    // need to materialize if writing and expect to keep any data
+    will_write && !on(libc::O_TRUNC)
+}
+
+pub fn materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed(fd: libc::c_int) -> bool {
+    let _ig = with_interposing_disabled();
+
+    // Convert the file descriptor to a file path
+    if let Some(path) = path_of_fd(fd) {
+        ld_trace!("materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed: fd={fd}, path={path:?}");
+
+        // Materialize the file if it's a pointer file
+        if materialize_rw_file_if_needed(cstring_to_str(&path)) {
+            let flags = unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETFL) };
+            if flags == -1 {
+                ld_warn!("materialize_file_under_fd: Error retrieving flags for orginial fd={fd}.");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // Get the original file's mode
+            let file_mode = unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETFD) };
+            if file_mode == -1 {
+                ld_warn!("materialize_file_under_fd: Error retrieving mode for orginial fd={fd}.");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            let new_fd = unsafe { real_open(path.as_ptr(), flags, file_mode as libc::mode_t) };
+
+            if new_fd == -1 {
+                ld_warn!(
+                    "materialize_file_under_fd: Error opening materialized file at {path:?} : {:?}",
+                    std::io::Error::last_os_error()
+                );
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            let dup2_res = unsafe { my_dup2(new_fd, fd) };
+
+            if dup2_res == -1 {
+                ld_warn!(
+                    "materialize_file_under_fd: Error calling dup2 to replace old path: {:?}",
+                    std::io::Error::last_os_error()
+                );
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            unsafe { real_close(new_fd) };
+
+            ld_trace!("materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed: fd={fd}, path={path:?} materialized.");
+
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            ld_trace!(
+                "materialize_file_under_fd_if_needed: fd={fd}, path={path:?} not registered."
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+pub fn materialize_rw_file_if_needed(path: &str) -> bool {
+    ld_trace!("materialize_rw_file_if_needed: {path}");
+
+    if let Ok(Some((xet_repo, path))) = get_repo_context(path).map_err(|e| {
+        eprintln!("Error in get_repo_context for materializing {path}: {e:?}");
+        e
+    }) {
+        tokio_run(async move {
+            let _ = xet_repo
+                .materialize_path(path)
+                .await
+                .log_error("Error Materializing path={path:?}");
+        });
+        true
+    } else {
+        false
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/src/xet_rfile.rs b/xetldfs/src/xet_rfile.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4a392d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/src/xet_rfile.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+use crate::runtime::activate_fd_runtime;
+use errno::{set_errno, Errno};
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use libc::*;
+use libxet::data::PointerFile;
+use libxet::errors::Result;
+use libxet::ErrorPrinter;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::io::Cursor;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::str::FromStr;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::sync::Mutex as TMutex;
+
+use crate::ld_trace;
+use crate::runtime;
+use crate::ENABLE_CALL_TRACING;
+
+// size of buffer used by setbuf, copied from stdio.h
+const BUFSIZ: c_int = 1024;
+
+// Copied from fread.c
+// The maximum amount to read to avoid integer overflow.  INT_MAX is odd,
+// so it make sense to make it even.  We subtract (BUFSIZ - 1) to get a
+// whole number of BUFSIZ chunks.
+const MAXREAD: c_int = c_int::MAX - (BUFSIZ - 1);
+
+use crate::xet_interface::{get_repo_context, XetFSRepoWrapper};
+
+pub struct XetFdReadHandle {
+    xet_fsw: Arc<XetFSRepoWrapper>,
+    pos: Arc<TMutex<usize>>,
+    path: PathBuf,
+    fd: c_int,
+    pointer_file: Arc<PointerFile>, // All non pointer files just get passed directly through
+}
+
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref FD_LOOKUP: std::sync::RwLock<HashMap<c_int, Arc<XetFdReadHandle>>> =
+        std::sync::RwLock::new(HashMap::new());
+}
+
+pub fn set_fd_read_interpose(fd: c_int, fd_info: Arc<XetFdReadHandle>) {
+    // We now have one thing to track, so go ahead and activate all the read and fstat commands.
+    activate_fd_runtime();
+
+    FD_LOOKUP.write().unwrap().insert(fd, fd_info);
+}
+
+fn register_read_fd_impl(path: &str, fd: c_int) -> Result<()> {
+    ld_trace!("register_read_fd_impl: {path} for {fd}");
+    if let Some((maybe_xet_wrapper, norm_path)) = get_repo_context(path)? {
+        ld_trace!("file norm_path: {norm_path:?} for {path}");
+
+        if let Some(mut fd_info) = runtime::tokio_run(async move {
+            maybe_xet_wrapper
+                .open_path_for_read_if_pointer(norm_path.clone())
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    ld_trace!("open for read if pointer failed: {e:?}");
+                    e
+                })
+                .log_error(format!("Opening path {norm_path:?}."))
+        })? {
+            fd_info.fd = fd;
+
+            set_fd_read_interpose(fd, Arc::new(fd_info));
+
+            ld_trace!("{path} registered to {fd}");
+        } else {
+            ld_trace!("open for read if pointer failed");
+        }
+    } else {
+        ld_trace!("get repo context failed for : {path}");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn register_interposed_read_fd(path: &str, fd: c_int) {
+    // Possibly register the read fd.
+    let _ = register_read_fd_impl(path, fd).map_err(|e| {
+        ld_trace!("Error in register_read_fd with {path}: {e:?}");
+        e
+    });
+}
+
+pub fn maybe_fd_read_managed(fd: c_int) -> Option<Arc<XetFdReadHandle>> {
+    FD_LOOKUP.read().unwrap().get(&fd).cloned()
+}
+
+pub fn close_fd_if_registered(fd: c_int) -> bool {
+    FD_LOOKUP.write().unwrap().remove_entry(&fd).is_some()
+}
+
+impl XetFdReadHandle {
+    pub fn new(xet_fsw: Arc<XetFSRepoWrapper>, pointer_file: PointerFile) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            xet_fsw,
+            pos: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(0)),
+            path: PathBuf::from_str(pointer_file.path()).unwrap(),
+            pointer_file: Arc::new(pointer_file),
+            fd: 0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn filesize(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.pointer_file.filesize()
+    }
+
+    pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.path
+    }
+
+    pub fn dup(self: Arc<Self>, new_fd: c_int) -> Arc<Self> {
+        Arc::new(Self {
+            xet_fsw: self.xet_fsw.clone(),
+            pos: self.pos.clone(),
+            path: self.path.clone(),
+            fd: new_fd,
+            pointer_file: self.pointer_file.clone(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn read_impl(self: &Arc<Self>, buf: *mut c_void, n_bytes: size_t) -> ssize_t {
+        let slice = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(buf as *mut u8, n_bytes) };
+
+        let mut out = Cursor::new(slice);
+
+        let mut pos_lg = self.pos.lock().await;
+        let pos = *pos_lg;
+
+        let end = (pos + n_bytes).min(self.pointer_file.filesize() as usize);
+
+        let smudge_ok = self
+            .xet_fsw
+            .pft
+            .smudge_file_from_pointer(self.path(), &self.pointer_file, &mut out, Some((pos, end)))
+            .await
+            .log_error(format!(
+                "Smudging pointer file in range = ({pos},{end}); pointer file: \n{:?}",
+                &self.pointer_file
+            ))
+            .is_ok();
+
+        if smudge_ok {
+            *pos_lg = end;
+            (end - pos) as isize
+        } else {
+            0
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(self: &Arc<Self>, buf: *mut c_void, n_bytes: size_t) -> ssize_t {
+        let s = self.clone();
+        runtime::tokio_run(async move { s.read_impl(buf, n_bytes).await })
+    }
+
+    pub fn fread(self: &Arc<Self>, buf: *mut c_void, size: size_t, count: size_t) -> size_t {
+        let s = self.clone();
+
+        runtime::tokio_run(async move {
+            // adapted from fread.c
+            let mut resid = count * size;
+
+            if resid == 0 {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            let total = resid;
+            let mut ptr = buf;
+
+            while resid > 0 {
+                let r: size_t = if resid > c_int::MAX as size_t {
+                    MAXREAD as size_t
+                } else {
+                    resid
+                };
+
+                let ret = s.read_impl(ptr, r).await;
+
+                if ret == -1 {
+                    // error occurred
+                    todo!()
+                }
+
+                let ret: size_t = ret.try_into().unwrap_or_default();
+
+                if ret != r {
+                    return (total - resid + ret) / size;
+                }
+
+                ptr = unsafe { ptr.byte_add(r) };
+                resid -= r;
+            }
+
+            // full read
+            count
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_stat(self: &Arc<Self>, buf: *mut libc::stat) {
+        unsafe {
+            (*buf).st_size = self.filesize() as i64; /* file size, in bytes */
+            (*buf).st_blocks = 0; // todo!() /* blocks allocated for file */
+            (*buf).st_blksize = libxet::merkledb::constants::IDEAL_CAS_BLOCK_SIZE
+                .try_into()
+                .unwrap()
+            /* optimal blocksize for I/O */
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    pub fn update_statx(self: &Arc<Self>, buf: *mut libc::statx) {
+        unsafe {
+            (*buf).stx_size = self.filesize(); /* file size, in bytes */
+            (*buf).stx_blocks = 0; // todo!() /* blocks allocated for file */
+            (*buf).stx_blksize = libxet::merkledb::constants::IDEAL_CAS_BLOCK_SIZE
+                .try_into()
+                .unwrap()
+            /* optimal blocksize for I/O */
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn lseek(self: &Arc<Self>, offset: libc::off_t, whence: libc::c_int) -> libc::off_t {
+        let s = self.clone();
+
+        runtime::tokio_run(async move {
+            //  whence is not valid?
+            if !matches!(
+                whence,
+                SEEK_SET | SEEK_CUR | SEEK_END | SEEK_DATA | SEEK_HOLE
+            ) {
+                set_errno(Errno(libc::EINVAL));
+                return EOF.into();
+            }
+
+            let fsize = s.pointer_file.filesize();
+
+            // lock because it's difficult to implement with pure atomic variable.
+            let mut pos_lock = s.pos.lock().await;
+
+            let cur_pos = *pos_lock as u64;
+
+            // The seek location (calculated from offset and whence) is negative?
+            let seek_to_negtive_location = match whence {
+                SEEK_SET => offset.is_negative(),
+                SEEK_CUR => offset.is_negative() && cur_pos < offset.abs().try_into().unwrap(),
+                SEEK_END => offset.is_negative() && fsize < offset.abs().try_into().unwrap(),
+                _ => false, // noop
+            };
+
+            if seek_to_negtive_location {
+                set_errno(Errno(libc::EINVAL));
+                return EOF.into();
+            }
+
+            // The seek location is too large to be stored in an object of type off_t?
+            let seek_overflow = match whence {
+                SEEK_SET => false,
+                SEEK_CUR => libc::off_t::MAX.saturating_sub_unsigned(cur_pos) < offset,
+                SEEK_END => libc::off_t::MAX.saturating_sub_unsigned(fsize) < offset,
+                _ => false, // noop
+            };
+
+            if seek_overflow {
+                set_errno(Errno(libc::EOVERFLOW));
+                return EOF.into();
+            }
+
+            // whence is SEEK_DATA or SEEK_HOLE, and offset is beyond the end of the file?
+            if !matches!(whence, SEEK_DATA | SEEK_HOLE)
+                && offset.is_positive()
+                && offset as u64 == fsize
+            {
+                set_errno(Errno(libc::ENXIO));
+                return EOF.into();
+            }
+
+            let new_pos = match whence {
+                SEEK_SET => offset.try_into().unwrap(),
+                SEEK_CUR => cur_pos.saturating_add_signed(offset),
+                SEEK_END => fsize.saturating_add_signed(offset),
+                SEEK_DATA => offset.try_into().unwrap(), // always data
+                SEEK_HOLE => fsize,                      // no hole
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+
+            *pos_lock = new_pos as usize;
+
+            new_pos as libc::off_t
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn ftell(self: &Arc<Self>) -> libc::c_long {
+        let s = self.clone();
+        runtime::tokio_run(async move { *s.pos.lock().await as libc::c_long })
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests.rs b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d0d2333d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+use anyhow::anyhow;
+use std::{io::Write, path::Path, process::Command};
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tracing::info;
+
+/// Set this to true to see the output of the tests on success.
+const DEBUG: bool = false;
+
+struct IntegrationTest {
+    test_script: String,
+    arguments: Vec<String>,
+    assets: Vec<(String, &'static [u8])>,
+}
+
+impl IntegrationTest {
+    fn new(test_script: &str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            test_script: test_script.to_owned(),
+            arguments: Vec::new(),
+            assets: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn add_arguments(&mut self, args: &[&str]) {
+        self.arguments.extend(args.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()))
+    }
+
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn add_asset(&mut self, name: &str, arg: &'static [u8]) {
+        self.assets.push((name.to_owned(), arg));
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        // Create a temporary directory
+        let tmp_repo_dest = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+        let tmp_path_path = tmp_repo_dest.path().to_path_buf();
+
+        std::fs::write(tmp_path_path.join("test_script.sh"), &self.test_script).unwrap();
+
+        std::fs::write(
+            tmp_path_path.join("initialize.sh"),
+            include_str!("integration_tests/initialize.sh"),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        std::fs::write(
+            tmp_path_path.join("setup_test_repo.sh"),
+            include_str!("integration_tests/setup_test_repo.sh"),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        // Write the assets into the tmp path
+        for (name, data) in self.assets.iter() {
+            std::fs::write(tmp_path_path.join(name), data)?;
+        }
+
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("bash");
+        cmd.args(["-e", "-x", "test_script.sh"]);
+        cmd.args(&self.arguments[..]);
+        cmd.current_dir(tmp_path_path.clone());
+        // Add in the path of the git-xet  / xetcat executable
+
+        let git_xet_path = env!("CARGO_BIN_EXE_git-xet");
+        let buildpath = Path::new(&git_xet_path).parent().unwrap();
+        info!("Adding {:?} to path.", &buildpath);
+        cmd.env(
+            "PATH",
+            format!(
+                "{}:{}",
+                &buildpath.to_str().unwrap(),
+                &std::env::var("PATH").unwrap()
+            ),
+        );
+
+        // Export the path of the ld_preload lib
+        let lib_name = env!("CARGO_PKG_NAME");
+        let lib_file = if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
+            format!("lib{}.so", lib_name)
+        } else if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+            format!("lib{}.dylib", lib_name)
+        } else {
+            panic!("Unsupported target OS");
+        };
+
+        cmd.env("LDPRELOAD_LIB", buildpath.join(lib_file).as_os_str());
+
+        // Now, to prevent ~/.gitconfig to be read, we need to reset the home directory; otherwise
+        // these tests will not be run in an isolated environment.
+        //
+        // NOTE: this is not a problem with git version 2.32 or later.  There, GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL
+        // works and the scripts take advantage of it.  However, outside of that, this is needed
+        // to avoid issues with a lesser git.
+        cmd.env("HOME", tmp_path_path.as_os_str());
+
+        // Set defaults for all of these, but allow them to be overridden
+        cmd.env(
+            "XET_LOG_LEVEL",
+            std::env::var_os("XET_LOG_LEVEL").unwrap_or("error".into()),
+        );
+        cmd.env(
+            "XET_GLOBAL_DEDUP_POLICY",
+            std::env::var_os("XET_GLOBAL_DEDUP_POLICY").unwrap_or("always".into()),
+        );
+        cmd.env(
+            "XET_SHARD_QUERY_POLICY",
+            std::env::var_os("XET_SHARD_QUERY_POLICY").unwrap_or("LocalFirst".into()),
+        );
+
+        cmd.env("XET_AXE_ENABLED", "false");
+
+        // Now, run the script.
+        let out = cmd.output()?;
+        let status = out.status;
+
+        if status.success() {
+            if DEBUG {
+                // Just dump things to the output
+                eprintln!("Test succeeded, STDOUT:");
+                std::io::stdout().write_all(&out.stdout).unwrap();
+                eprintln!("STDERR:");
+                std::io::stderr().write_all(&out.stderr).unwrap();
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            eprintln!("Test failed, STDOUT:");
+            std::io::stderr().write_all(&out.stderr).unwrap();
+            // Parse output for error string:
+            let stderr_out = std::str::from_utf8(&out.stderr)?;
+
+            eprintln!("STDERR:\n{}", &stderr_out);
+
+            let error_re = regex::Regex::new("ERROR:>>>>>(.*)<<<<<").unwrap();
+
+            let captures = error_re.captures(stderr_out);
+
+            if let Some(captured_text) = captures {
+                Err(anyhow!(
+                    "Test failed: {}",
+                    captured_text.get(1).unwrap().as_str()
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Err(anyhow!("Test failed: Unknown Error."))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(test, unix))]
+mod git_integration_tests {
+    use super::*;
+    #[test]
+    fn test_basic_read() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        IntegrationTest::new(include_str!("integration_tests/test_basic_read.sh")).run()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_basic_write() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        IntegrationTest::new(include_str!("integration_tests/test_basic_write.sh")).run()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_bulk_write() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        IntegrationTest::new(include_str!("integration_tests/test_bulk_write.sh")).run()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/initialize.sh b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/initialize.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c3a9c2f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/initialize.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+export XET_LOG_FORMAT=compact
+export XET_DISABLE_VERSION_CHECK="1"
+
+# Workaround for git reference transaction hook issues
+export GIT_CLONE_PROTECTION_ACTIVE=false
+  
+# With these, Log the filename, function name, and line number when showing where we're executing.
+set -o xtrace
+export PS4='+($(basename ${BASH_SOURCE}):${LINENO}): ${FUNCNAME[0]:+${FUNCNAME[0]}(): }'
+
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]] ; then
+  echo "OSX ARCH: Current archetecture is: $(arch)"
+fi
+
+setup_isolated_git_environment() { 
+  # Set up local, self-contained config stuff to make sure the environment for the tests is hermetic.
+  export GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL="$PWD/.gitconfig"
+
+
+  if [[ ! -e $GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL ]]; then
+    echo "[user]
+        name = Xet Tester
+        email = test@xetdata.com
+    " >$GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL
+  else
+    die "These tests may overwrite global settings; please run \
+  them in a directory without a .gitconfig present."
+  fi
+
+  # Do some checks to make sure that everything is set up
+  username=$(git config --get user.name || echo "")
+  [[ ! -z $username ]] || die "Git config user.name not set."
+
+  useremail=$(git config --get user.email || echo "")
+  [[ ! -z $useremail ]] || die "Git config user.email not set."
+
+  git config --global init.defaultBranch main
+  git config --global --unset-all filter.xet.process || echo "global already unset"
+  git config --global --unset-all filter.xet.required || echo "global already unset"
+
+  git xet install
+}
+
+setup_local_xet_environment() { 
+  if [[ -z $XET_TESTING_REMOTE ]]; then
+    if [[ -z $XET_CAS_SERVER ]]; then
+      # In Cygwin or msys emulators, $PWD is returned in unix format. Directly
+      # exporting XET_CAS_SERVER using this path format will crash git-xet because
+      # a Windows build cannot understand such a path.
+      # We convert it to Windows format using cygpath.
+      local pwd=$PWD
+      if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" || "$OSTYPE" == "msys" ]]; then
+        pwd=$(cygpath -wa $pwd)
+      fi
+      export XET_CAS_SERVER="local://$pwd/cas"
+      mkdir -p "$PWD/cas"
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  # Set up logging
+  export XET_PRINT_LOG_FILE_PATH=1
+  export XET_LOG_PATH="$PWD/logs/log_{timestamp}_{pid}.txt"
+}
+
+setup_testing_environment() {
+  setup_isolated_git_environment
+  setup_local_xet_environment
+  
+  # This is needed as older versions of git only go to $HOME/.gitconfig and do not respect
+  # the GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL environment variable.
+  export HOME=$PWD
+  export base_dir="$HOME"
+}
+
+# Sets up a local testing environment in a specific directory.
+setup_xetldfs_testing_env() {
+  
+  if [[ -z "$LDPRELOAD_LIB" ]] ; then
+
+    if [[ ! -z $(which x) ]] ; then
+      target_path="$(dirname $(which x))"
+      if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+        if [[ -e "${target_path}/libxetldfs.so" ]] ; then 
+          export LDPRELOAD_LIB=${target_path}/libxetldfs.so
+        fi 
+      elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+        if [[ -e "${target_path}/libxetldfs.dylib" ]] ; then 
+          export LDPRELOAD_LIB=${target_path}/libxetldfs.dylib
+        fi
+      fi
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -z "$LDPRELOAD_LIB" ]] ; then
+    die "Set LDPRELOAD_LIB to the location of the dylib file."
+  fi
+  
+  if [[ ! -e "$LDPRELOAD_LIB" ]] ; then 
+    die "Dylib $LDPRELOAD_LIB does not exist."
+  fi
+
+  export PATH="$(dirname $LDPRELOAD_LIB):$PATH"
+
+  if [[ ! -e $(which x) ]] ; then 
+    die "Cannot find x binary along with $LDPRELOAD_LIB"
+  fi
+
+  if [[ $(x verify) != "VERIFICATION" ]] ; then
+    die "Wrong x binary?"
+  fi
+
+  setup_testing_environment
+  setup_xetldfs "$LDPRELOAD_LIB"
+}
+
+setup_test_repos() {
+  # file larger than 100 bytes will be checked-in as pointer file
+  export XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD=100
+
+  remote=$(create_bare_repo)
+  git clone $remote repo_1
+
+  pushd repo_1 
+
+  [[ $(git branch) == *"main"* ]] || git checkout -b main
+  git xet init --force
+  git push origin main # This created a commit, so push it to main.
+
+  create_text_file text_data.txt key1 1000
+  git add text_data.txt
+  git commit -a -m "Test file."
+  git push origin main
+
+  popd
+
+  git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_xetldfs
+}
+
+# Use.  After running this. 
+setup_xetldfs() {
+  local PS4=""
+   export XETLD_LIB=$(realpath $1)
+
+  >&2 echo "Using $XETLD_LIB for absolute path."
+
+  if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    export x_cat=cat
+    export x_stat=stat
+  elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+    export x_cat="x cat"
+    export x_stat="x stat"
+  else
+    echo "Unable to set up local environment." 
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+xetfs_on() {
+  export LD_PRELOAD=$XETLD_LIB
+  export DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=$XETLD_LIB
+}
+
+xetfs_off() {
+  unset LD_PRELOAD
+  unset DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES
+}
+
+die() {
+  echo >&2 "ERROR:>>>>> $1 <<<<<"
+  return 1
+}
+export -f die
+
+# support both Mac OS and Linux for these scripts
+if hash md5 2>/dev/null; then
+  checksum() {
+    md5 -q $1
+  }
+  checksum_string() {
+    echo $1 | md5 -q
+  }
+else
+  checksum() {
+    md5sum $1 | head -c 32
+  }
+  checksum_string() {
+    echo $1 | md5sum | head -c 32
+  }
+fi
+
+
+export -f checksum
+export -f checksum_string
+
+create_bare_repo() {
+  # Clean up the remote repo.
+  if [[ ! -z $XET_TESTING_REMOTE ]]; then
+    # Reset the remote branch main to a single initial commit
+    rm >&2 -rf origin_blanch && mkdir origin_blank && cd origin_blank
+    git >&2 init
+    git >&2 xet init --local --force
+    git >&2 remote add origin $XET_TESTING_REMOTE
+    git >&2 fetch --all
+    git >&2 push --force origin main
+
+    # Delete all other branches
+    remotes_to_del=$(git branch -r -l --format '%(refname)' | sed 's|refs/remotes/origin/||' | grep -v HEAD | grep -v main | grep -v notes) >&2
+
+    for branch in $remotes_to_del; do
+      echo >&2 "Deleting remote branch $branch on remote."
+      git >&2 push origin --delete $branch
+    done
+
+    git >&2 clone $XET_TESTING_REMOTE origin_tmp
+    pushd >&2 origin_tmp
+
+    popd >&2
+    echo $XET_TESTING_REMOTE
+  else
+    repo=origin >&2
+    rm >&2 -rf $repo
+    mkdir >&2 -p $repo
+    pushd >&2 $repo
+    git >&2 init --bare --initial-branch=main
+    popd >&2
+
+    echo $PWD/$repo
+  fi
+}
+export -f create_bare_repo
+
+create_bare_xet_repo() {
+  # Clean up the remote repo.
+  if [[ ! -z $XET_TESTING_REMOTE ]]; then
+    create_bare_repo $@
+  else
+    repo=origin >&2
+    rm >&2 -rf $repo
+    mkdir >&2 -p $repo
+    pushd >&2 $repo
+    git >&2 init --bare --initial-branch=main
+    git >&2 xet init
+    popd >&2
+
+    echo $PWD/$repo
+  fi
+}
+export -f create_bare_xet_repo
+
+create_data_file() {
+  f="$1"
+  len=$2
+
+  printf '\xff' >$f # Start with this to ensure utf-8 encoding fails quickly.
+  cat /dev/random | head -c $(($2 - 1)) >>$f
+  echo $(checksum $f)
+}
+export -f create_data_file
+
+append_data_file() {
+  f="$1"
+  len=$2
+
+  printf '\xff' >>$f # Start with this to ensure utf-8 encoding fails quickly.
+  cat /dev/random | head -c $(($2 - 1)) >>$f
+  echo $(checksum $f)
+}
+export -f append_data_file
+
+assert_files_equal() {
+  # Use fastest way to determine content equality.
+  cmp --silent $1 $2 || die "Assert Failed: Files $1 and $2 not equal."
+}
+export -f assert_files_equal
+
+assert_files_not_equal() {
+  # Use fastest way to determine content equality.
+  cmp --silent $1 $2 && die "Assert Failed: Files $1 and $2 should not be equal." || echo >&2 "Files $1 and $2 not equal."
+}
+export -f assert_files_not_equal
+
+assert_stored_as_pointer_file() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  file=$1
+  match=$(git show HEAD:$file | head -n 1 | grep -F '# xet version' || echo "")
+  [[ ! -z "$match" ]] || die "File $file does not appear to be stored as a pointer file."
+}
+export -f assert_stored_as_pointer_file
+
+assert_stored_as_full_file() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  file=$1
+  match=$(git show HEAD:$file | head -n 1 | grep -F '# xet version' || echo "")
+  [[ -z "$match" ]] || die "File $file does not appear to be stored as a pointer file."
+}
+export -f assert_stored_as_full_file
+
+assert_is_pointer_file() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  file=$1
+  match=$(cat $file | head -n 1 | grep -F '# xet version' || echo "")
+  [[ ! -z "$match" ]] || die "File $file does not appear to be a pointer file."
+}
+export -f assert_is_pointer_file
+
+assert_pointer_file_size() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  file=$1
+  size=$2
+
+  assert_is_pointer_file $file
+
+  filesize=$(cat $file | grep -F filesize | sed -E 's|.*filesize = ([0-9]+).*|\1|' || echo "")
+  [[ $filesize == $size ]] || die "Pointer file $file gives incorrect size; $filesize, expected $size."
+}
+export -f assert_pointer_file_size
+
+pseudorandom_stream() {
+  key=$1
+
+  while true; do
+    key=$(checksum_string $key)
+    echo "$(echo $key | xxd -r -p)" 2>/dev/null || exit 0
+  done
+}
+export -f pseudorandom_stream
+
+create_csv_file() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  local set_x_status=$([[ "$-" == *x* ]] && echo 1)
+  set +x
+
+  csv_file="$1"
+  key="$2"
+  n_lines="$3"
+  n_repeats="${4:-1}"
+  n_lines_p_1=$((n_lines + 1))
+
+  pseudorandom_stream "$key" | hexdump -v -e '5/1 "%02x""\n"' |
+    awk -v OFS='\t' 'NR == 1 { print "foo", "bar", "baz" }
+    { print "S"substr($0, 1, 4), substr($0, 5, 2), substr($0, 7, 2)"."substr($0, 9, 1), 6, 3}' |
+    head -n $((n_lines + 1)) | tr 'abcdef' '123456' >$csv_file.part
+
+  cat $csv_file.part >$csv_file
+
+  for i in {0..n_repeats}; do
+    tail -n $n_lines $csv_file.part >>$csv_file
+  done
+
+  rm $csv_file.part
+  [[ $set_x_status != "1" ]] || set -x
+}
+export -f create_csv_file
+
+create_random_csv_file() {
+  f="$1"
+  n_lines="$2"
+  n_repeats="${3:-1}"
+  n_lines_p_1=$((n_lines + 1))
+
+  cat /dev/random | hexdump -v -e '5/1 "%02x""\n"' |
+    awk -v OFS='\t' 'NR == 1 { print "foo", "bar", "baz" }
+    { print "S"substr($0, 1, 4), substr($0, 5, 2), substr($0, 7, 2)"."substr($0, 9, 1), 6, 3}' |
+    head -n $((n_lines + 1)) | tr 'abcdef' '123456' >$f.part
+
+  cat $f.part >$f
+
+  for i in {0..n_repeats}; do
+    tail -n $n_lines $f.part >>$f
+  done
+
+  rm $f.part
+}
+export -f create_random_csv_file
+
+create_text_file() {
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  local set_x_status=$([[ "$-" == *x* ]] && echo 1)
+  set +x
+
+  text_file="$1"
+  key="$2"
+  n_lines="$3"
+  n_repeats="${4:-1}"
+
+  create_csv_file "$text_file.temp" "$key" "$n_lines" "$n_repeats"
+
+  cat "$text_file.temp" | tr ',0123456789' 'ghijklmnopq' >$text_file
+  rm "$text_file.temp"
+  [[ $set_x_status != "1" ]] || set -x
+}
+export -f create_text_file
+
+random_tag() {
+  cat /dev/random | head -c 64 | checksum_string
+}
+export -f random_tag
+
+file_size() {
+  if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    stat --printf="%s" $1
+  elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+    x stat $1
+  fi
+}
+
+raw_file_size() { 
+  local LD_PRELOAD=""
+  local DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=""
+  if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    stat --printf="%s" $1
+  elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+    stat $1
+  fi
+}
+
+
+assert_file_size() {
+  len=$(file_size $1)
+  [[ $len == $2 ]] || die "Size of file $1 is $len, expected = $2"
+}
+
+assert_raw_file_size() {
+  len=$(raw_file_size $1)
+  [[ $len == $2 ]] || die "Size of file $1 is $len, expected = $2"
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/setup_test_repo.sh b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/setup_test_repo.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..830cad02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/setup_test_repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# Sourcing this script, after initialize.sh, gives us $remote, $text_1, $text_1_len, $text_2, 
+# $text_2_len, $all_file_text, etc. 
+#
+# It also sets XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD such that $text_1 is stored in CAS and as a pointer file.
+#
+# Repo from in $remote has 12 files, t1.txt, t2.txt, t3.txt, t4.txt, and same for l and m instead of t.
+# All are stored as pointer files and resolve in content to $text_1.
+# 
+# Calling verify_size checks the size of things too.  
+
+setup_xetldfs_testing_env 
+
+git xet install
+
+remote=$(create_bare_repo)
+
+git clone $remote repo_setup
+
+# file larger than 100 bytes will be checked-in as pointer file
+export XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD=16
+text_1="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+text_2="0123456789"
+text_ins_at_10="${text_1:0:10}${text_2}${text_1:20}"
+
+text_1_len=$(echo -n $text_1 | wc -c)
+text_2_len=$(echo -n $text_2 | wc -c)
+text_12_len=$(echo -n "${text_1}${text_2}" | wc -c)
+
+
+pushd repo_setup
+[[ $(git branch) == *"main"* ]] || git checkout -b main
+git xet init --force
+git push origin main # This created a commit, so push it to main.
+
+echo -n $text_1 > text_data.txt
+text_data_file_size=$(file_size text_data.txt)
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    cp text_data.txt t$n.txt 
+    cp text_data.txt m$n.txt 
+    cp text_data.txt l$n.txt 
+done
+
+all_file_text="$(cat t?.txt)"
+
+git add .
+git commit -m "add text data"
+git push origin main
+popd
+
+# Some helper functions
+
+verify_size() {
+    file=$1
+    expected_len=$2
+    (
+        xetfs_on
+        len=$(x stat $file)
+        [[ $len == $expected_len ]] || die "x stat length of $file is wrong; got $len, expected $expected_len"
+
+        len=$(x fstat $file)
+        [[ $len == $expected_len ]] || die "x fstat length of $file is wrong; got $len, expected $expected_len"
+
+        if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+            len=$(stat --printf="%s" $file)
+            [[ $len == $expected_len ]] || die "linux stat length of $file is wrong; got $len, expected $expected_len"
+        fi
+    )
+}
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_read.sh b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_read.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7bed43f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_read.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e
+set -x
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]:-$0}")" &>/dev/null && pwd 2>/dev/null)"
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/initialize.sh"
+
+# This gives us $remote, $text_1, $text_1_len, $text_2, $text_2_len, $all_file_text, etc. 
+# It also sets XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD such that $text_1 is stored in CAS and as a pointer file.
+#
+# Repo from in $remote has 12 files, t1.txt, t2.txt, t3.txt, t4.txt, and same for l and m instead of t.
+# All are stored as pointer files and resolve in content to $text_1.
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/setup_test_repo.sh"
+
+git xet clone --lazy $remote repo
+
+pushd repo
+assert_is_pointer_file text_data.txt
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+    verify_size t$n.txt $text_1_len 
+
+    assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+    verify_size m$n.txt $text_1_len 
+
+    assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+    verify_size l$n.txt $text_1_len 
+done
+
+# Read
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    [[ "$(x cat t1.txt)" == "$text_1" ]] || die "t1.txt not read as pointer." 
+    [[ "$(x cat t?.txt)" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly." 
+    [[ "$(x cat-mmap m1.txt)" == "$text_1" ]] || die "m1.txt not read through mmap." 
+    [[ "$(x cat-mmap m?.txt)" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly with mmap." 
+
+    # With linux
+    if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat t1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "t1.txt not read as pointer."
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat t?.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly."
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat-mmap m1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "m1.txt not read through mmap."
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat-mmap m?.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly with mmap."
+
+        [[ "$(cat l1.txt)" == "$text_1" ]] || die "l1.txt not read as pointer." 
+        [[ "$(cat l*.txt)" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat l1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "m1.txt not read through bash cat." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat l*.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly in linux bash." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat-mmap l1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "l1.txt not read through bash cat." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'x cat-mmap l?.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly in linux bash." 
+    
+        # Ensure that things work when the library is loaded in bash.
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat t1.txt > /dev/null ; x cat t1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "t1.txt not read as pointer." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat t?.txt > /dev/null ; x cat t?.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat m1.txt > /dev/null ; x cat-mmap m1.txt')" == "$text_1" ]] || die "m1.txt not read through mmap." 
+        [[ "$(bash -c 'cat m?.txt > /dev/null ; x cat-mmap m?.txt')" == "$all_file_text" ]] || die "all text does not match correctly with mmap." 
+    fi
+)
+
+popd 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_write.sh b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_write.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..585951cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_basic_write.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e
+set -x
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]:-$0}")" &>/dev/null && pwd 2>/dev/null)"
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/initialize.sh"
+
+# This gives us $remote, $text_1, $text_1_len, $text_2, $text_2_len, $all_file_text, etc. 
+# It also sets XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD such that $text_1 is stored in CAS and as a pointer file.
+#
+# Repo from in $remote has 12 files, t1.txt, t2.txt, t3.txt, t4.txt, and same for l and m instead of t.
+# All are stored as pointer files and resolve in content to $text_1.
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/setup_test_repo.sh"
+
+git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_3
+pushd repo_3
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+done
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    [[ $(x cat t2.txt) == $text_1 ]] || die "Issue getting t2.txt."
+    
+    verify_size t2.txt $text_1_len 
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write t2.txt
+
+    [[ $(x cat t2.txt) == $text_2 ]] || die "rewrite pointer file failed"
+
+    verify_size t2.txt $text_2_len 
+
+    # Overwrite mmap 
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m2.txt
+    [[ "$(x cat m2.txt)" == "$text_2" ]] || die "m2.txt not overwritten." 
+    verify_size m2.txt $text_2_len 
+
+    # Overwrite, linux specific
+    if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+        # ">" is a bash feature and exporting LD_PRELOAD in xetfs_on doesn't
+        # affect the current bash process
+        bash -c "echo -n $text_2 > l2.txt"
+        [[ "$(cat l2.txt)" == "$text_2" ]] || die "l2.txt not overwritten." 
+    fi
+)
+
+# Append
+assert_is_pointer_file t3.txt
+assert_is_pointer_file m3.txt
+assert_is_pointer_file l3.txt
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    # Regular
+    echo -n $text_2 | x append t3.txt
+    [[ $(cat t3.txt) == "${text_1}${text_2}" ]] || die "append to t3.txt failed"
+
+    # Append, mmap
+    echo -n $text_2 | x append-mmap m3.txt
+    [[ $(cat m3.txt) == "${text_1}${text_2}" ]] || die "append to t3.txt with mmap failed" 
+
+    # Append, linux specific. 
+    if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+        # ">>" is a bash feature and exporting LD_PRELOAD in xetfs_on doesn't
+        # affect the current bash process
+        bash -c "echo -n $text_2 >> l3.txt"
+        [[ $(cat l3.txt) == "${text_1}${text_2}" ]] || die "append to l3.txt with >> failed" 
+    fi
+)
+
+# Write at specific location
+assert_is_pointer_file t4.txt
+assert_is_pointer_file m4.txt
+assert_is_pointer_file l4.txt
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    echo -n $text_2 | x writeat 10 t4.txt
+    [[ $(cat t4.txt) == "${text_ins_at_10}" ]] || die "write at to t4.txt failed" 
+
+    # With MMap
+    echo -n $text_2 | x writeat-mmap 10 m4.txt
+    [[ $(cat m4.txt) == "${text_ins_at_10}" ]] || die "write at to t4.txt failed" 
+
+    # With existing tool dd, linux specific.
+    if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+        echo -n $text_2 | dd of=l4.txt bs=1 seek=10 conv=notrunc
+        [[ $(cat l4.txt) == "${text_ins_at_10}" ]] || die "write at to l4.txt failed"
+    fi
+)
+
+popd
+
+# Write to all the files at once. 
+git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_4
+pushd repo_4
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+done
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    
+    # Regular write to all the files
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write t?.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat t$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+
+    # MMap write to all the files at once
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m*.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat m$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+)
+
+popd
+
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    # Write to all the files at once. 
+    git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_4b
+    pushd repo_4b
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+        assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+        assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+    done
+
+    (
+        xetfs_on
+        
+        # Regular write to all the files
+        bash -c "cat t?.txt ; echo -n $text_2 | x write t?.txt"
+
+        for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+            [[ $(cat t$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+        done
+
+        # MMap write to all the files at once
+        bash -c "cat t?.txt ; echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m*.txt"
+
+        for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+            [[ $(cat m$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+        done
+    )
+
+    popd
+fi
+
+
+# Test all the sizes 
+git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_5
+pushd repo_5
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+done
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+
+    # Regular write to all the files
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write t?.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat t$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+
+    # MMap write to all the files at once
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m*.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat m$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+)
diff --git a/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_bulk_write.sh b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_bulk_write.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9d4678ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xetldfs/tests/integration_tests/test_bulk_write.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e
+set -x
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]:-$0}")" &>/dev/null && pwd 2>/dev/null)"
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/initialize.sh"
+
+# This gives us $remote, $text_1, $text_1_len, $text_2, $text_2_len, $all_file_text, etc. 
+# It also sets XET_CAS_SIZETHRESHOLD such that $text_1 is stored in CAS and as a pointer file.
+#
+# Repo from in $remote has 12 files, t1.txt, t2.txt, t3.txt, t4.txt, and same for l and m instead of t.
+# All are stored as pointer files and resolve in content to $text_1.
+. "$SCRIPT_DIR/setup_test_repo.sh"
+
+# Write to all the files at once. 
+git xet clone --lazy $remote repo
+pushd repo
+
+for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+    assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+    assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+done
+
+(
+    xetfs_on
+    
+    # Regular write to all the files
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write t?.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat t$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+
+    # MMap write to all the files at once
+    echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m*.txt
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        [[ $(cat m$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+    done
+)
+
+popd
+
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
+    # Write to all the files at once. 
+    git xet clone --lazy $remote repo_b
+    pushd repo_b
+
+    for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+        assert_is_pointer_file t$n.txt
+        assert_is_pointer_file m$n.txt
+        assert_is_pointer_file l$n.txt
+    done
+
+    (
+        xetfs_on
+        
+        # Regular write to all the files
+        bash -c "cat t?.txt ; echo -n $text_2 | x write t?.txt"
+
+        for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+            [[ $(cat t$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+        done
+
+        # MMap write to all the files at once
+        bash -c "cat t?.txt ; echo -n $text_2 | x write-mmap m*.txt"
+
+        for n in 1 2 3 4 ; do 
+            [[ $(cat m$n.txt) == "${text_2}" ]] || die "Bulk write failed."
+        done
+    )
+
+    popd
+fi