ConceptNeuralSignalRepresentation

Neural Signal Representation.

How can they represent meaning? How can they carry information? Let's look at the simplest idea that a neural signal might represent a value. If we are restricted to spikes traveling along axons, there are only a few plausible ways to represent a value.

• First, the average spiking rate. Consider a spike train of 200 spikes per second as representing one value and 250 spikes per second as another. Most peripheral nerves use this type of signal encoding.
• Next is interspike timing. The interval between any two spikes can carry analog information, allowing precise resolution. Your nervous system uses a mechanism like this for sound directionality.
• Another approach is that multiple spikes in parallel across many neurons can convey intensity. The more fibers firing, the greater the value. Such and pain nerves use this mechanism.
• Lastly, individual spikes or bursts with specific meanings are likely the primary mechanism in your brain. An individual neural spike would have a specific meaning and the context and related connections define what that meaning is.

• Source: 2025-08-19 Neurons vs AI： They’re Nothing Alike