Create JS independent WASM library cardano-wasi

[palas]

Changelog

- description: |
    Create JS independent WASM library (`cardano-wasi`)
  type:
  - feature
  projects:
  - cardano-wasm

Context

This PR exports the same functions as cardano-wasm (with the exception of GRPC ones, and with the addition of some memory management primitives) as ccalls so that they can be used from other languages (not just JS).

How to trust this PR

I've tested it using wasmer in Rust, but please review the code to ensure I didn't make any mistakes. Ping me if you would like the Rust code to test it too, I'll add it as a test to the CI in a future PR.

Checklist

• Commit sequence broadly makes sense and commits have useful messages
• New tests are added if needed and existing tests are updated. See Running tests for more details
• Self-reviewed the diff

[Jimbo4350]

Preemptively blocking this until I've reviewed it.

[ItsDaveB]

Just built this and successfully loaded it into a .NET application, can confirm it’s working (e.g., calling newTx() and other exports).
I’d been asking about WASI support recently after noticing the JS glue in the earlier WASM builds, so thank you for making this possible.
This is great work, a pure WASI output is extremely useful and opens up a lot of opportunities. @palas