Full-Stack IoT Telemetry Weather Station

A portable weather station built on ESP32 that reads temperature and humidity from a DHT11 sensor, connects to WiFi, and sends data to a Flask web server for visualization and storage.

Key Features

• Full-Stack Telemetry: An end-to-end system capturing, storing, and visualizing real-time sensor data.
• High-Performance Firmware: Built in Embedded Rust (no_std) on an ESP32 for robust, async operation.
• Time-Series Database: Persists all historical data using a Python Flask API and SQLite.
• Live Data Dashboard: A web-based frontend that visualizes both live and historical temperature/humidity data.
• Robust & Efficient: Implements deep sleep for power conservation and a watchdog task to ensure high availability.

Dashboard

The live dashboard displays:

• Current readings - Real-time temperature (in °C and °F) and humidity percentage
• Temperature chart - Historical temperature trends with live updates
• Humidity chart - Historical humidity trends with live updates
• Auto-refresh - Charts update every 5 seconds to show the latest data

Hardware

• Microcontroller: ESP32
• Sensor: DHT11 (temperature & humidity)
• Communication: WiFi

Architecture

Firmware (Rust + Embedded)

• Built with Rust using Embassy async runtime and esp-hal
• Reads DHT11 sensor for temperature and humidity
• Connects to WiFi via DHCP
• Sends weather data to the backend server via HTTP
• Implements deep sleep between readings to conserve power
• Includes watchdog task to detect and recover from connection hangs

Backend (Python + Flask)

• Simple Flask server that receives weather data
• Persistent SQLite database stores all weather readings with timestamps
• Provides REST API endpoints:
  • GET / - Web UI showing latest readings
  • POST/GET /data - Send/retrieve weather data
  • GET /history - Retrieve historical data as JSON

Building & Running

Prerequisites

• Rust toolchain with esp32 support
• Python 3.12+ (for Flask server)

ESP32 Firmware

Set WiFi credentials, server IP address, and build:

$env:SSID="YourWiFiSSID"
$env:PASSWORD="YourPassword"
$env:SERVER_IP="192.168.1.100"  # IP of your Flask backend (local or public)
cargo run --release

Or on Linux/macOS:

SSID="YourWiFiSSID" PASSWORD="YourPassword" SERVER_IP="192.168.1.100" cargo run --release

Environment Variables:

• SSID: WiFi network name to connect to (required)
• PASSWORD: WiFi password (required)
• SERVER_IP: IP address of the Flask backend server (default: 172.20.10.2)

Flask Server

Install dependencies and run:

python -m venv venv
venv\Scripts\activate  # or: source venv/bin/activate
pip install flask
python server.py

The server will start on http://localhost:5000 and listen on all network interfaces (0.0.0.0:5000).

Database:

• Weather data is automatically stored in a SQLite database (weather_data.db)
• The database is created automatically on first run
• Historical data persists across server restarts
• Each reading includes temperature, humidity, and timestamp

Finding Your Flask Backend IP Address:

To configure the ESP32 firmware with the correct server IP, you need to find your machine's IP address:

Windows (PowerShell):

ipconfig
# Look for "IPv4 Address" under your active network connection

Linux/macOS:

hostname -I          # Linux
ifconfig            # macOS

Use this IP address as the SERVER_IP environment variable when building the firmware.