Creating a Gravity Model for Transit between Urban Areas
Follow this link for Index of Place Names for location data. https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/6cb9092a37da4b5ea1b5f8b054c343aa/about
Least arbitrary way of measuring urban population is the ONS 2011 methodology for defining built-up areas by contiguous urban sprawl rather than arbitrary city boundaries (Manchester as a case in point) Unfortunately, the 2021 census data does not contain an equivalent geography so will use 2011 methodology.
Get 2011 BUA data from the following link: https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/qs104ew Choose "England and Wales" as area and use "built-up areas" as Type of area.
Equivalent Scottish data for Mid-2012 population Use Table 2a CSV: Estimated population of settlements by broad age groups, mid-2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20141027170905/http://gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/theme/population/estimates/special-area/settlements-localities/mid-2012/list-of-tables.html