Simple GUI-Based Linux Distro Creation Guide

This guide will walk you through creating a simple graphical Linux distribution based on BusyBox and Nano-X, adapted to run on QEMU.

Prerequisites

Ensure you have a Debian-based system and install the necessary dependencies:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install wget bzip2 libncurses-dev flex bison bc libelf-dev libssl-dev xz-utils autoconf gcc make libtool git vim libpng-dev libfreetype-dev g++ extlinux nano

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Download and Prepare the Linux Kernel

1. Download the Linux Kernel:

   wget https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-6.9.4.tar.xz

2. Extract the Kernel:

   tar xf linux-6.9.4.tar.xz
   cd linux-6.9.4

3. Configure the Kernel:

   make menuconfig

4. Compile the Kernel:

   make -j 4

5. Create a Directory for the Distro:

   mkdir /distro
   cp arch/x86/boot/bzImage /distro/

2. Set Up BusyBox

1. Download BusyBox:

   cd ~
   wget https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2

2. Extract BusyBox:

   tar xf busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2
   cd busybox-1.36.1

3. Configure BusyBox:

   make menuconfig

4. Compile and Install BusyBox:

   make -j 4
   make CONFIG_PREFIX=/distro install

3. Set Up MicroWindows

1. Clone MicroWindows:

   git clone https://github.com/ghaerr/microwindows
   cd microwindows/src/

2. Configure MicroWindows:

   cp Configs/config.linux-fb config
   nano config

3. Compile MicroWindows:

   make -j 4
   make install
   make x11-demo

4. Set Up a Sample GUI Application:

   mkdir x11-demo
   cd x11-demo/
   nano gui.c

5. Compile the GUI Application:

   cd ..
   mv x11-demo /distro/
   cd /distro/x11-demo/
   gcc gui.c -lNX11 -lnano-X -I /microwindows/src/nx11/X11-local/
   mv a.out /distro/nirs-test-app

4. Prepare the Distro Environment

1. Create Necessary Directories:

   mkdir -p /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
   mkdir /distro/lib64

2. Copy Required Libraries:

   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbrotlidec.so.1 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbrotlidec.so.1
   cp /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /distro/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
   cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbrotlicommon.so.1 /distro/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbrotlicommon.so.1

3. Copy Nano-X Binaries:

   cp -r /microwindows/src/bin /distro/nanox
   cp /microwindows/src/runapp /distro/nanox/

5. Create the Bootable Image

1. Create and Format the Image:

   cd /distro/
   truncate -s 200MB boot.img
   mkfs boot.img
   mkdir mnt
   mount boot.img mnt

2. Install Extlinux:

   extlinux -i mnt/

3. Copy Files to the Image:

   mv bin bzImage lib lib64 linuxrc nanox nirs-test-app sbin usr mnt

4. Create Additional Directories:

   cd mnt/
   mkdir var etc root dev tmp proc

5. Unmount the Image:

   cd ..
   umount mnt

Links

• Linux Kernel
• BusyBox
• MicroWindows
• X11 Hello

With these steps, you will have created a simple graphical Linux distribution ready to run on QEMU.