feat(babel): add runtimeVersion option for deduplicating Babel helpers

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ jobs:
           node-version: 24
           cache: 'pnpm'
 
-      - name: Override @babel/core to v7
-        run: yq -i '.overrides."@babel/core" = "^7.29.0"' pnpm-workspace.yaml
+      - name: Override Babel related deps to v7
+        run: yq -i '.overrides."@babel/core" = "catalog:babel7" | .overrides."@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" = "catalog:babel7" | .overrides."@babel/runtime" = "catalog:babel7"' pnpm-workspace.yaml
 
       - name: Install deps
         run: pnpm install --no-frozen-lockfile

packages/babel/README.md

@@ -71,6 +71,43 @@ List of Babel plugins to apply.
 
 Array of additional configurations that are merged into the current configuration. Use with Babel's `test`/`include`/`exclude` options to conditionally apply overrides.
 
+### `runtimeVersion`
+
+- **Type:** `string`
+
+When set, automatically adds [`@babel/plugin-transform-runtime`](https://babeljs.io/docs/babel-plugin-transform-runtime) so that Babel helpers are imported from `@babel/runtime` instead of being inlined into every file. This deduplicates helpers across modules and reduces bundle size.
+
+The value is the version of `@babel/runtime` that is assumed to be installed. If you are externalizing `@babel/runtime` (for example, you are packaging a library), you should set the version range of `@babel/runtime` in your package.json. If you are bundling `@babel/runtime` for your application, you should set the version of `@babel/runtime` that is installed.
+
+```bash
+pnpm add -D @babel/plugin-transform-runtime @babel/runtime
+```
+
+```js
+import babel from '@rolldown/plugin-babel'
+
+// if you are externalizing @babel/runtime
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+const packageJson = JSON.parse(
+  fs.readFileSync(path.join(import.meta.dirname, 'package.json'), 'utf8'),
+)
+const babelRuntimeVersion = packageJson.dependencies['@babel/runtime']
+
+// if you are bundling @babel/runtime
+import babelRuntimePackageJson from '@babel/runtime/package.json'
+const babelRuntimeVersion = babelRuntimePackageJson.version
+
+export default {
+  plugins: [
+    babel({
+      runtimeVersion: babelRuntimeVersion,
+      plugins: ['@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators'],
+    }),
+  ],
+}
+```
+
 ### Other Babel options
 
 The following [Babel options](https://babeljs.io/docs/options) are forwarded directly:

packages/babel/package.json

@@ -34,17 +34,28 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@babel/core": "^8.0.0-rc.1",
+    "@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators": "^8.0.0-rc.2",
+    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "^8.0.0-rc.2",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^8.0.0-rc.2",
     "@types/node": "^22.19.11",
     "@types/picomatch": "^4.0.2",
     "rolldown": "1.0.0-rc.5",
     "vite": "^8.0.0-beta.15"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
     "@babel/core": "^7.29.0 || ^8.0.0-rc.1",
+    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "^7.29.0 || ^8.0.0-rc.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.27.0 || ^8.0.0-rc.1",
     "rolldown": "^1.0.0-rc.5",
     "vite": "^8.0.0"
   },
   "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": {
+      "optional": true
+    },
+    "@babel/runtime": {
+      "optional": true
+    },
     "vite": {
       "optional": true
     }

packages/babel/src/index.test.ts

@@ -571,6 +571,58 @@ test('babel syntax error produces enhanced error message', async () => {
   `)
 })
 
+test('runtimeVersion deduplicates helpers via @babel/runtime', async () => {
+  const entryCode = `
+import { decorated } from './dep.js'
+@decorator
+class Entry { method() { return decorated } }
+function decorator(target) { return target }
+export { Entry }
+`
+  const depCode = `
+@decorator
+class Dep { method() { return 42 } }
+function decorator(target) { return target }
+export const decorated = new Dep()
+`
+
+  const files: Record<string, string> = {
+    'entry.js': entryCode,
+    'dep.js': depCode,
+  }
+
+  const babelRuntimeVersion = (
+    await import('@babel/runtime/package.json', { with: { type: 'json' } })
+  ).default.version
+
+  const bundle = await rolldown({
+    input: 'entry.js',
+    external: [/^@babel\/runtime/],
+    plugins: [
+      {
+        name: 'virtual',
+        resolveId(id) {
+          if (id in files) return id
+          if (id === './dep.js') return 'dep.js'
+        },
+        load(id) {
+          if (id in files) return files[id]
+        },
+      },
+      babelPlugin({
+        runtimeVersion: babelRuntimeVersion,
+        plugins: [['@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators', { version: '2023-11' }]],
+      }),
+    ],
+  })
+  const { output } = await bundle.generate()
+  const chunk = output.find((o) => o.type === 'chunk')
+  assert(chunk, 'expected a chunk in output')
+
+  // Helpers should come from @babel/runtime, not be inlined
+  expect(chunk.code).toContain('@babel/runtime')
+})
+
 describe('optimizeDeps.include', () => {
   test('collectOptimizeDepsInclude merges from presets and overrides', () => {
     const topPreset: RolldownBabelPreset = {

packages/babel/src/index.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,17 @@ import { calculatePluginFilters } from './filter.ts'
 import type { ResolvedConfig, Plugin as VitePlugin } from 'vite'
 
 async function babelPlugin(rawOptions: PluginOptions): Promise<Plugin> {
+  if (rawOptions.runtimeVersion) {
+    try {
+      import.meta.resolve('@babel/plugin-transform-runtime')
+    } catch (err) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Failed to load @babel/plugin-transform-runtime. Please install it to use the runtime option.`,
+        { cause: err },
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
   let configFilteredOptions: PluginOptions | undefined
   const envState = new Map<string | undefined, ReturnType<typeof createBabelOptionsConverter>>()
 
@@ -88,9 +99,19 @@ async function babelPlugin(rawOptions: PluginOptions): Promise<Plugin> {
           filename: id,
         })
         if (!loadedOptions || loadedOptions.plugins.length === 0) {
+          // No plugins to run — @babel/plugin-transform-runtime only affects
+          // how other plugins' helpers are emitted, so skip it too.
           return
         }
 
+        if (rawOptions.runtimeVersion) {
+          loadedOptions.plugins ??= []
+          loadedOptions.plugins.push([
+            '@babel/plugin-transform-runtime',
+            { version: rawOptions.runtimeVersion },
+          ])
+        }
+
         let result: babel.FileResult | null
         try {
           result = await babel.transformAsync(

packages/babel/src/options.ts

@@ -37,6 +37,15 @@ export interface InnerTransformOptions extends Pick<
 }
 
 export interface PluginOptions extends Omit<InnerTransformOptions, 'include' | 'exclude'> {
+  /**
+   * When set, automatically adds `@babel/plugin-transform-runtime` so that
+   * babel helpers are imported from `@babel/runtime` instead of being inlined
+   * into every file.
+   *
+   * Requires `@babel/plugin-transform-runtime` and `@babel/runtime` to be installed.
+   */
+  runtimeVersion?: string
+
   /**
    * If specified, only files matching the pattern will be processed by babel.
    * @default `/\.(?:[jt]sx?|[cm][jt]s)(?:$|\?)/`
@@ -175,8 +184,10 @@ export function createBabelOptionsConverter(options: ResolvedPluginOptions) {
   )
 
   return function (ctx: PresetConversionContext): babel.InputOptions {
+    // Strip plugin-level options that babel doesn't understand
+    const { runtimeVersion: _, ...babelOptions } = options
     return {
-      ...options,
+      ...babelOptions,
       presets: options.presets
         ? filterMap(options.presets, (preset, i) =>
             convertToBabelPresetItem(ctx, preset, presetFilters![i]),