A simple embedded-systems project that uses infrared (IR) sensors and a microcontroller to follow a black line on a light-colored surface. This project demonstrates basic robotics concepts: sensor input, motor control, and feedback loops.
- Follows a black line using IR reflectance sensors
- Adjustable motor speed
- Simple control logic (left/right correction)
- Works on Arduino or any similar microcontroller
- 1x Microcontroller (Arduino Uno)
- 2x DC motors with motor driver
- 3x IR line sensors
- Robot chassis with wheels
- Battery pack
- Connecting wires
-
The IR sensors detect contrast:
- Black line → absorbs IR → LOW signal
- White surface → reflects IR → HIGH signal
-
The microcontroller reads these signals and decides how to steer:
- Line under left sensor → turn left
- Line under right sensor → turn right
- Line under middle sensor → go straight
-
The motor driver receives control signals to adjust wheel speeds accordingly.