8376185: NoSuchFieldError thrown after a record with type annotation retransformed

src/hotspot/share/prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.cpp

@@ -1481,6 +1481,8 @@ jvmtiError VM_RedefineClasses::load_new_class_versions() {
       } else {
         return JVMTI_ERROR_INTERNAL;
       }
+    } else if (res != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+      return res;
     }
 
 #ifdef ASSERT
@@ -2045,7 +2047,7 @@ bool VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_record_attribute(InstanceKlass* scra
       AnnotationArray* type_annotations = component->type_annotations();
       if (type_annotations != nullptr && type_annotations->length() != 0) {
         int byte_i = 0;  // byte index into annotations
-        if (!rewrite_cp_refs_in_annotations_typeArray(type_annotations, byte_i)) {
+        if (!rewrite_cp_refs_in_type_annotations_typeArray(type_annotations, byte_i, "record_info")) {
           log_debug(redefine, class, annotation)("bad record_component_type_annotations at %d", i);
           // propagate failure back to caller
           return false;

test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformRecordTypeAnn/MyRecord.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Datadog, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+@MyTypeAnnotation
+public record MyRecord(@MyTypeUseAnnotation String filter) {
+    public static MyRecord parse(String param) {
+        if (param == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Filter cannot be null");
+        }
+        return new MyRecord(param);
+    }
+}
+
+@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@interface MyTypeAnnotation {
+}
+
+@Target({ElementType.TYPE_USE})
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@interface MyTypeUseAnnotation {
+}

test/jdk/java/lang/instrument/RetransformRecordTypeAnn/TestRetransformRecord.java

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Datadog, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8376185
+ * @summary Class retransformation on a record type annotation
+ * @comment This is will rewrite the constant pool and process
+ * @comment the type annotation
+ * @library /test/lib
+ * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
+ * @modules java.compiler
+ *          java.instrument
+ * @compile ../NamedBuffer.java
+ * @compile altered/MyRecord.jcod
+ * @run driver jdk.test.lib.helpers.ClassFileInstaller MyRecord
+ * @compile MyRecord.java
+ * @run main RedefineClassHelper
+ * @run main/othervm -javaagent:redefineagent.jar -Xlog:redefine*=debug TestRetransformRecord
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This test is loading a record with type annotation first, then by
+ * calling retransformClasses, we inject a slightly different record classfile
+ * where just some constants from the constant pools were swapped.
+ * It triggers, during the retransformation, a rewrite of the constant pool
+ * calling VM_RedefineClasses::rewrite_cp_refs_in_record_attribute method.
+ */
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
+import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
+import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
+
+public class TestRetransformRecord {
+    static final String SRC = System.getProperty("test.src");
+    static final String DEST = System.getProperty("test.classes");
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        MyRecord.parse("foo");
+        File clsfile = new File("MyRecord.class");
+        byte[] buf = null;
+        try (FileInputStream str = new FileInputStream(clsfile)) {
+            buf = NamedBuffer.loadBufferFromStream(str);
+        }
+        Instrumentation inst = RedefineClassHelper.instrumentation;
+        inst.addTransformer(new IdentityTransformer("MyRecord", buf), true);
+        inst.retransformClasses(MyRecord.class);
+        System.out.println(MyRecord.parse("foo"));
+    }
+}
+
+class IdentityTransformer implements ClassFileTransformer {
+    private final String className;
+    private final byte[] buffer;
+
+    public IdentityTransformer(String className, byte[] buffer) {
+        this.className = className;
+        this.buffer = buffer;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader,
+                            String classPath,
+                            Class<?> classBeingRedefined,
+                            ProtectionDomain protectionDomain,
+                            byte[] classfileBuffer) {
+        if (classPath != null && classPath.equals(className.replace('.', '/'))) {
+            System.out.println("Transforming " + className);
+            return buffer;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}